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Anti-Diabetic Effect of Fruits on Different Animal Model System

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Book cover Bioorganic Phase in Natural Food: An Overview

Abstract

Fruits have important bioactive and dietary components ingredients of our everyday life that plays a major role to cure diseases. Inadequate intake of antioxidant and improved reactive oxygen species is associated with diabetes mellitus. Many of the components were proved to be succeeding to treat several chronic diseases like cancer, cardiovascular, obesity, and diabetes. Fruits which have listed here have dietary fiber which reduces diabetes and cardiac and other diseases also. Fruits like Momordica cymbalaria, Pongamia pinnata, Diospyros peregrina, Xylopia aethiopica, Ficus deltoidea, Prunus avium, Trapa natans, Terminalia pallida and Punica granatum. The fruit aqueous extract of Momordica cymbalaria exposed significant antihyperlipidemic as well as antihyperglycemic administered orally at 0.5 g/kg for six weeks by alloxan-induced diabetic rats. In Pongamia pinnata fruits, compounds called pongamal and karanjin was administered using streptozotocin diabetic rats which decreases the blood glucose level at the dosage of 50 mg/kg for 11.7 and 12.8%, 20.7% at 100 mg/kg individually post oral administration of six hours. An edible fruit of Diospyros peregrina streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetes was achieved in aqueous extract decreases the blood glucose level at the dosage of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight for twenty-eight days. Xylopia aethiopica acetone fraction of ethanol extract was investigated for type 2 diabetes. Streptozotocin was induced by single intraperitoneal injection and animals were treated orally at the dosage of 150 or 300 mg/kg body weight for 4 weeks reduces blood glucose level. Ficus deltoidea fruit was carried out with crude aqueous extract and fractions were estimated for sugars, phenol, protein and flavonoid content. Antidiabetic activity was carried out in water fraction using alpha-glucosidase assay reveals the highest amount of protein 73.33 ± 4.99 μg/mg. Ethanol extract (200 mg/kg) of Prunus avium fruit was administered orally by single intraperitoneal injection using alloxan induced (120 mg/kg) rats which decrease blood glucose level. Trapa natans fruit peel of methanol extract was evaluated for antidiabetic activity by streptozotocin (100 and 200 mg/ kg body weight) induced a diabetic rat which decreases blood glucose level. Terminalia pallida ethanol fruit extract was given intraperitoneal injection using alloxan (150 mg/kg body weight) monohydrate induced for diabetic rats model. Blood glucose levels were significant to at the dosage of 0.5 g/kg body weight. The aqueous ethanol extract of Punica granatum juice sugar for diabetic rats for ten days. Significantly reduces the blood sugar level, total peroxide level, and peritoneal macrophages. The aim of this book chapter reveals that fruit is considered as one of the important dietary ingredients. It has a vital significant role to control and to treat type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Henceforth, encouraging adherence of mentioned fruits was considerable significance to public health.

Equal contribution to corresponding authors, Immanuel Selvaraj C. and Abilash V. G.

Equal contribution to first authors, Papitha R. and Kaviyarasi Renu.

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Acknowledgement

The authors thank to Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India for supporting this work. The author Papitha R, Kaviyarasi Renu is grateful to Vellore Institute of Technology for providing the financial assistance during this tenure. The authors wish to greatly acknowledge the editor and reviewers for the suggestions and critical evaluation of the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India

    Papitha R. & Immanuel Selvaraj C.

  2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Kaviyarasi Renu & Abilash V. G.

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  1. Papitha R.
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  3. Immanuel Selvaraj C.
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  1. Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Heterocycles & Natural Product Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Mohana Roopan

  2. Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Heterocycles & Natural Product Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

    G. Madhumitha

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R., P., Renu, K., C., I., V. G., A. (2018). Anti-Diabetic Effect of Fruits on Different Animal Model System. In: Roopan, S., Madhumitha, G. (eds) Bioorganic Phase in Natural Food: An Overview. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74210-6_9

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