Abstract
With regard to cyberbullying, 33.4% of all participating students reported being involved in cyberbullying at least once or twice, and 2.8% more than twice in the previous 4 months (63.8% never bullied anybody online). With regard to cybervictimization, 31.1% of all participating students reported being involved in cybervictimization at least once or twice, and 2.6% more than twice in the previous 4 months (66.3% never was a cybervictim). Overall frequency analysis showed that the most common cyberbullying types in our sample were sending mean, cruel, or threatening messages online to someone they know (flaming: 32.3%), followed by denigration (putting down someone online by sending or posting cruel gossip, rumours, or other harmful material: 6.0%), exclusion (helping to exclude someone from an online group: 5.9%), outing (sharing someone’s personal secrets or images online without permission: 4.7%) and impersonation (creation of a fake profile to send or post materials to damage someone’s reputation or friendships: 2.8%).
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Notes
- 1.
Source: Eurostat, Share of households with Internet access in Hungary from 2005 to 2014. Retrieved from www.statista.com/statistics/377743/household-internet-access-in-hungary/; [16-01-2017].
- 2.
Flash Eurobarometer N 248 – Safe Internet for Children. Analytical Report, p. 13.
- 3.
Tabby in the Internet: European Project N. JLS/2009-2010/DAP/AG/1340 AMG.
- 4.
Tabby Trip in EU: European Project N JUST/2011-2012/DAP/AG/3259.
- 5.
The Hungarian partner of the Tabby project was ESZTER Foundation for the Rehabilitation of the Sexually Abused. ESZTER pursues legal advising and ambulant aftercare for sexually abused children and adults and also offers consultation in children’s rights and youth crime prevention issues. For details, see: http://eszteralapitvany.hu/.
- 6.
For the details of the cooperation see Telenor’s Sustainability Report (in Hungarian) https://www.telenor.hu/upload/pr/telenor_fenntarthatosagijelentes_2013.pdf; [17-01-2017].
- 7.
Schools have joined the Tabby programme from the following counties: Pest county, Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, Veszprém county, Komárom-Esztergom county.
- 8.
To include the identification number we included 2 questions: “Does your class participate in the TABBY project?” (Yes/No) and if the answerer said yes, we asked “What is your identification code?” The identification code served the aim of being able to separate students in the experimental and in the control group, and also made it possible to match the items between the first and the second (follow up) data collection in order to evaluate the changes in the answerers’ risk assessment set after the 4-month experimental period was passed.
- 9.
The students estimated their own risk answering the question “How much chance do you see to be victim of cyberbullying in the following 4 months?”.
- 10.
Information on Safer Internet Program (2009-2012) and Better Internet for Kids (2012) available here: https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/safer-internet-better-internet-kids; [19-01-2017].
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Acknowledgements
This publication and the study presented has been produced with the financial support of the DAPHNE programme of the European Union. European Daphne III Program (Project JUST/2011/DAP/AG/3259) Tabby in Internet. Threat Assessment of Bullying Behaviour among youngsters. Transferring Internet Preventive procedures in Europe. The contents of this article are the sole responsibility of the authors of the article and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Commission. No conflict of interests present.
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Parti, K., Schmidt, A., Néray, B. (2018). Cyberbullying in Hungary. In: Baldry, A., Blaya, C., Farrington, D. (eds) International Perspectives on Cyberbullying. Palgrave Studies in Cybercrime and Cybersecurity. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73263-3_9
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