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Obesity and Brain Function pp 3–31Cite as

Function and Dysfunction of Adipose Tissue

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Part of the book series: Advances in Neurobiology ((NEUROBIOL,volume 19))

Abstract

Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ which is responsible for postprandial uptake of glucose and fatty acids, consequently producing a broad range of adipokines controlling several physiological functions like appetite, insulin sensitivity and secretion, immunity, coagulation, and vascular tone, among others. Many aspects of adipose tissue pathophysiology in metabolic diseases have been described in the last years. Recent data suggest two main factors for adipose tissue dysfunction: accumulation of nonesterified fatty acids and their secondary products and hypoxia. Both of these factors are thought to be on the basis of low-grade inflammatory activation, further increasing metabolic dysregulation in adipose tissue. In turn, inflammation is involved in the inhibition of substrate uptake, alteration of the secretory profile, stimulation of angiogenesis, and recruitment of further inflammatory cells, which creates an inflammatory feedback in the tissue and is responsible for long-term establishment of insulin resistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences—IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Paulo Matafome & Raquel Seiça

  2. Department of Complementary Sciences, Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Paulo Matafome

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  1. Paulo Matafome
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  2. Raquel Seiça
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Correspondence to Paulo Matafome .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences—IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Liliana Letra

  2. Institute of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences—IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Raquel Seiça

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Matafome, P., Seiça, R. (2017). Function and Dysfunction of Adipose Tissue. In: Letra, L., Seiça, R. (eds) Obesity and Brain Function. Advances in Neurobiology, vol 19. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63260-5_1

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