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Microbial Ecotoxicology pp 227–250Cite as

Microbial Communities as Ecological Indicators of Ecosystem Recovery Following Chemical Pollution

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Abstract

‘Ecosystem recovery’ is a concept that emerged from the need to preserve our environment against increasing contamination from human activity. However, ecological indicators of ecosystem recovery remain scarce, and it is still difficult to assess recovery of ecological processes at relevant spatial and temporal scales. Microbial communities hold key relevance as indicators of ecosystem recovery as they are ubiquitous among diverse ecosystems, respond rapidly to environmental changes, and support many ecosystem functions and services through taxonomic and functional biodiversity. This chapter summarizes the state-of-the-art in knowledge on the processes driving the structural and functional recovery of phototroph and heterotroph microorganisms following chemical pollution . It covers several successful case studies providing proof of principle for the relevance of using microorganisms in recovery studies in various ecosystems such as soil, freshwater and seawater. Questions remain for microbial ecotoxicologists to fully understand and predict how structural and functional recovery observed at microbial scale can reflect the recovery of an ecosystem. Moreover, new standards and norms taking into account recent advances in microbial ecotoxicology are now necessary in order to inform legislators and policymakers on the importance of considering microorganisms in environmental risk assessment, including ecological recovery monitoring.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Irstea, UR MALY, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 5 rue de la Doua—CS 20244, 69625, Villeurbanne Cedex, France

    Stéphane Pesce

  2. Laboratoire d’Océanographie Microbienne, Observatoire Océanologique, Sorbonne Universités, CNRS, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7621, 66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France

    Jean-François Ghiglione

  3. Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France

    Fabrice Martin-Laurent

Authors
  1. Stéphane Pesce
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  2. Jean-François Ghiglione
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  3. Fabrice Martin-Laurent
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Correspondence to Stéphane Pesce .

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  1. Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, IPREM UMR 5254, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Pau, France

    Cristiana Cravo-Laureau

  2. Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, IPREM UMR 5254, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Pau, France

    Christine Cagnon

  3. Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, IPREM UMR 5254, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Pau, France

    Béatrice Lauga

  4. Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, IPREM UMR 5254, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Pau, France

    Robert Duran

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© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

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Pesce, S., Ghiglione, JF., Martin-Laurent, F. (2017). Microbial Communities as Ecological Indicators of Ecosystem Recovery Following Chemical Pollution. In: Cravo-Laureau, C., Cagnon, C., Lauga, B., Duran, R. (eds) Microbial Ecotoxicology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61795-4_10

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