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Rotavirus Biology

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Human Virology in Latin America

Abstract

Rotaviruses are the leading etiological agents of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. These non-enveloped viruses enter cells using different types of endocytosis and, depending on the virus strain, travel to different endosomal compartments before exiting to the cytosolic space. Once into the cytoplasm, as obligate parasites, rotaviruses depend on the synthetic machinery of the cell to translate their proteins and on the cell energy and building blocks to replicate their genomes. Cells respond to rotavirus invasions by eliciting diverse responses to eliminate the incoming virus. In turn, to establish a successful infection, rotaviruses have evolved different strategies to take over the cellular metabolic machinery and to overcome the defense mechanisms of the cell. In this chapter, some of the viral and cellular factors involved in the different stages of a productive rotavirus cell entry are revised, as well as some of the strategies used by rotaviruses to hijack the protein synthesis apparatus of the cell, to ensure the translation of their mRNA, and to handle cellular stress and antiviral responses. In addition, mention is made of research on virus–cell interactions and immunity carried out in the region.

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Acknowledgments

The work in our laboratory relevant to this chapter was supported by grant # 221019 from CONACYT, Mexico. and grants # IG200114, and #IG200317 from DGAPA-UNAM, Mexico. The authors thank Dr. Liliana Sanchez Tacuba for the elaboration of the figures.

Competing Interests

We declare no competing interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico

    Susana López & Carlos F. Arias

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  1. Susana López
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  2. Carlos F. Arias
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Correspondence to Susana López .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Center for Research and Advances Studies, Mexico City, Mexico

    Juan Ernesto Ludert

  2. Centro de Microbiologia y Biologia Celular, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela

    Flor H. Pujol

  3. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Juan Arbiza

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López, S., Arias, C.F. (2017). Rotavirus Biology. In: Ludert, J., Pujol, F., Arbiza, J. (eds) Human Virology in Latin America. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54567-7_2

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