Abstract
A range of pediatric conditions utilize upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to provide both diagnosis and treatment. These include common diseases such as celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease, but also acute conditions such as gastrointestinal bleeding and foreign body removal. Modifications using smaller endoscopes are often made to accommodate the smaller working channels and differing patient anatomy. Similarly, pediatric sedation for EGD is often quite different to that performed in adults. Multiple advances have been made in pediatric EGD mostly related to improvements in techniques and quality performance.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Hirschowitz BI, Curtiss LE, Peters CW, et al. Demonstration of a new gastroscopy, the “fiberscope”. Gastroenterol. 1958;35:50–3.
Gleason WA Jr, Tedesco FJ, Keating JP, et al. Fiberoptic gastrointestinal endoscopy. J Pediatr. 1974;85(6):810–3.
Gans SL, Ament M, Christie DL, et al. Pediatric endoscopy with flexible fiberscopes. J Pediatr Surg. 1975;10(3):375–80.
Cadranel S, Rodesch P, Peeters JP, et al. Fiberendoscopy of the gastrointestinal tract in children. A series of 100 examinations. Am J Dis Child. 1977;131(1):41–5.
Graham DY, Klish WJ, Ferry GD, et al. Value of fiberoptic gastrointestinal endoscopy in infants and children. South Med J. 1978;71(5):558–60.
Kawai K, Murakami K, Misak F. Endoscopical observations on gastric ulcers in teenagers. Endoscopy. 1970;2:206–8.
Varadarajulu S, Baerjee S, Barth BA, et al. GI endoscopes. Gastrointest Endosc. 2011;74:1–6.
Day A, Marchant J, Bohane TD. Use of formulae to predict esophageal length in children undergoing PH probe studies. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003;36:292–3.
Barth BA, Banerjee S, Bhat YM, et al. Equipment for pediatric endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2012;76(1):8–17.
Lightdale JL, Acosta R, Shergil AK, et al. Modifications in endoscopic practice for pediatric patients. Gastrointest Endosc. 2014;79:699–710.
Thakkar K, El-Serag H, Mattek N, et al. Complications of pediatric EGD: a 4-year experience in PEDS-CORI. Gastrointest Endosc. 2007;65:213–21.
Chaibou M, Tucci M, Dugas MA. Clinically significant upper gastrointestinal bleeding acquired in a pediatric intensive care unit: a prospective study. Pediatrics. 1998;102(4):933–8.
Hill I, Dirks MH, Liptak GS, et al. Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of celiac disease in children: recommendations of the North American society for pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2005;40:1–19.
Lebenthal E, Shteyer E, Branski D. The Changing clinical presentation of celiac disease. Frontiers in celiac disease. Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008;12:18–22.
Revised criteria for diagnosis of coeliac disease. Report of working group of European society of paediatric gastroenterology and nutrition. Arch Dis Child. 1990;65:909–11.
Husby S, et al. European Society for pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology, and nutrition guidelines for the diagnosis of coeliac disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2012;54(1):136–60.
Gidrewicz D, Potter K, Trevenen C, et al. Evaluation of the ESPGHAN celiac guidelines in a North American pediatric population. Am J Gastroenterol. 2015;110:760–7.
Shah VH, Rotterdam H, Kotler DP, Fasano A, Green PH. All that scallops is not celiac disease. Gastrointest Endosc. 2000;51(6):717–20.
Antonioli D. Celiac disease: a progress report. Mod Pathol. 2003;16(4):342–6.
Noel R, Putnam P, Rothenberg M. Eosinophilic Esophagitis. NEJM. 2004;351:940–1.
Ngo P, Furuta GT, Antonioli DA, et al. Eosinophils in the esophagus-peptic or allergic eosinophilic esophagitis? Case series of three patients with esophageal eosinophilia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101(7):1666–70.
Furuta G, et al. Eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adults: a systematic review and consensus recommendations for diagnosis and treatment. Gastroenterology. 2007;133:1342–63.
Shergill AK, Lightdale JL, Bruining DH, et al. The role of endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroint Endosc. 2014;81:1101–25.
Bousvaros A, Antonioli DA, Colletti RB, et al. Differentiating ulcerative colitis from Crohn disease in children and young adults: report of a working group of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and the Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation of America. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007;44:653–74.
Castellaneta SP, et al. Diagnostic role of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. J Pediatr Gastrointest Nutr. 2004;39(3):257–61.
Beggs AD, Latchford AR, Vasen HFA, et al. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: a systematic review and recommendations for management. Gut. 2010;59:975–86.
Syngal S, Brand RE, Church RE, et al. ACG clinical guideline: genetic testing and management of hereditary gastrointestinal cancer syndromes. Am J Gastroentero. 2015;110(2):223–63.
Munck A, Gargouri L, Alberti C, et al. Evaluation of guidelines for management of familial adenomatous polyposis in a multicenter pediatric cohort. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2011;53:296–302.
Kay M, Wyllie R. Foreign body ingestions in the pediatric population and techniques of endoscopic removal. Tech Gastrointest Endosc. 2013;15(1):9–17.
Kramer RE, Lerner DG, Lin T, et al. Management of ingested foreign bodies in children: a clinical report of the NASPGHAN endoscopy committee. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2015;60(4):562–74.
Jackson C, Jackson CL. Sharp objects. Disease of the air and food passages of foreign body origin. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1937.
Lupa M, Magne J, Guarisco J, Amedee R. Update on the diagnosis and treatment of caustic ingestion. Ochsner J. 2009;9(2):54–9.
Kay M, Wylie R. Caustic ingestions in pediatrics. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2009;21:651–4.
Zargar SA, Kochhar R, Mehta S, et al. The role of fiberoptic endoscopy in the management of corrosive ingestion and modified endoscopic classification of burns. Gastrointest Endosc. 1991;37:165.
Leichtner A, Gillis LA, Gupta S, et al. NASPGHAN guidelines for training in pediatric gastroenterology. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2013;56(Suppl. 1):S1–38.
Lerner DG, Li BU, Mamula P, et al. Challenges in meeting fellowship procedural guidelines in pediatric therapeutic endoscopy and liver biopsy. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014;58(1):27–33.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Electronic Supplementary Material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Selected pediatric upper endoscopy cases including: foreign body removal, discussion of foreign body algorithms, treatment of variceal and non-variceal bleeding, stricture dilation and placement of wireless capsule endoscopy (MP4 201486 kb)
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mitchell, K.R., Fishman, D.S. (2017). Pediatric EGD. In: Adler, D. (eds) Upper Endoscopy for GI Fellows. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49041-0_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49041-0_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-49039-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-49041-0
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)