Abstract
This chapter is about biodiversity threats posed by water hyacinth in the pristine Lake Tana, discuss its potential problems and suggest possible solutions. Lake Tana watershed is within the East African Afro-montane Hotspot and the productive agro-ecosystems of Ethiopia. As a hotspot, the watershed is considered as global priority conservation area and Tana is proposed to be designated as a biosphere reserve. The catchment stretched from Lake Tana 1785 m above sea level to mount Guna 4150, and contains three distinct agro ecosystems. The national development strategy is changing the socioeconomic and biophysical landscapes. The expansion of a century old introduced Eucalyptus still has unsettled controversies. The lowland plane and the lake shore ecosystem are facing challenges of the worst invasive in 2004. Since then, the alien species is added on the two major environmental challenges namely anthropogenic activities and climate change .
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Auld BA, Hosking J, McFadyen RE (1983) Analysis of the spread of tiger pear and parthenium weed in Australia. Aust Weeds 2:56–60
Baillie JEM, Hilton-Taylor C, Stuart SN (2004) IUCN red list of threatened species. A Global Species Assessment. IUCN—the World Conservation Union, Gland
Baker HG (1974) The evolution of weeds. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 5:1–24
Baker HG (1995) Aspects of the genecology of weeds. In: Kruckeberg AR, Walker RB, Leviton AE (eds) Genecology and ecogeographic races. Pacific Division, American Association for the Advancement of Science, San Francisco, pp 189–224
Borokoni T, Babalola F (2012) Management of invasive plant species in Nigeria through economic exploitation: lessons from other countries. Manag Biol Invasions 3(1):45–55. doi:10.3391/mbi.2012.3.1.05
CBD (2005). Invasive Alien Species. Convention on biological diversity. http://www.biodiv.org/programmes/cross-cutting/alien/. Accessed on 6 Jan 2014
Center TD, Hill MP et al (2002) Water hyacinth. In: van Driesche R, Blossey B et al (eds) Biological control of invasive plants in the Eastern United States. Forest Health and Technology Enterprises Team, West Virginia. http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/pdfs/BiocontrolsOfInvasivePlants02_04.pdf. Accessed 4 June 2015
Charles H, Dukes JS (2007) Impacts of invasive species on ecosystem services. In: Nentwig W (ed) Ecological studies. Biological invasions, vol 193. Springer, Berlin. http://globalecology.stanford.edu/DGE/Dukes/Charles_Dukes_inpress.pdf. Accessed on 6 Feb 2015
Charudattan R (1986) Integrated control of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) with a pathogen, insects, and herbicides. Weed Sci 34:26–30
Chen YL, Chiang HC, Wu LQ et al (1989) Residues of glyphosate in an aquatic environment after control of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). J Weed Sci Technol 34(2):117–122
Chukwuka KS, Uka UN (2007) Effect of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Infestation on Zooplankton Populations in Awba Reservoir, Ibadan South-West Nigeria. J Biol Sci. doi:10.3923/jbs.2007.865.869
Dagno K, Lahlali R, Diourte M et al (2012) Fungi occurring on water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Martius) Solms-Laubach) in Niger River in Mali and their evaluation as Mycoherbicides. J Aquat Plant Manag 50:25–32
Darwin C (1859) The origin of species by means of natural selection. Murray, London
EEA (2012) The impacts of invasive alien species in Europe. EEA technical reports no 16/2012. Publications Office of the European Union, Brussels, Luxembourg. http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/impacts-of-invasive-alien-species. Accessed 12 Sep 2014
EPA (Environmental Protection Authority) (1997) Environmental Policy of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. EPA, Addis Ababa
Fessehaie R (2005) Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes): a review of its weed status in Ethiopia. In: Rezene Fessehaie (ed) Arem, vol 6, pp 105–111
Fontenille D, Tato JC (2001) ‘Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse), a Potential new dengue vector in southern Cameroon. Emerg Infect Dis 6(7):1066–1067
Forpah N (2009) Cameroon prepares a national strategy for the control of water hyacinth (exotic species). In: Proceedings on the elaboration of a national strategy for the control of water hyacinth in Cameroon, 15–18 Sept 2009, Douala. http://www.unep.org/pdf/UNEP_GEAS_APRIL_2013.pdf. Accessed 12 June 2014
Gichuki J, Omondi R, Boera P et al (2012) Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) (Mart.) Solms-Laubach Dynamics and Succession in the Nyanza Gulf of Lake Victoria (East Africa): implications for water quality and biodiversity conservation. The Scientific World J Vol 2012. doi:10.1100/2012/106429
GISP (2004) Africa invaded: the growing danger of invasive alien species. Global invasive Species Programme, Cape Town. http://www.gisp.org/downloadpubs/gisp%20africa%202.pdf. Accessed on 6 Feb 2015
Gopal B (1987) Water hyacinth. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Hedberg I, Kelbessa E, Edwards S et al (eds) (2006) Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, vol 5. Addis Ababa, The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University
Hill M, Coetzee J (2013) Water hyacinth. In: Borgemeister C, Langewald J (eds) Biological control in IPM systems in Africa. Wallingford
Holm LG, Plucknett DL, Pancho JV et al (1991) The world’s worst weeds, distribution and biology. Krieger Publishing Co., Malabar, Florida
IUCN/SSC/ISSG (2004) Global invasive species database. IUCN—the World Conservation Union Species Survival Commission, Invasive Species Specialist Group. http://www.issg.org. Accessed on 6 Feb 2014
Khan S, Sarwar KS (2002) Effect of water-hyacinth compost on physical, Physicochemical properties of soil and on rice yield. J Agron 1:64–65
Kirby A (2003) Alien species cost Africa billions. BBC News Science. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/2730693.stm
Levine JM, Vila M, D’Antonio CM et al (2003) Mechanisms underlying the impacts of exotic plant invasions. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol 270:775–781
MA (2006) Ecosystems and human well-being: current state and trends, vol 1. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Island Press, Washington. http://www.millenniumassessment.org//en/products. Accessed on 6 Feb 2015
Mahamadi C (2011) Water hyacinth as a biosorbent. Afr J Environ Sci Technol 5(5):1137–1145
Mara MJ (1976) Estimated costs of mechanical control of water hyacinths. J Environ Econ Manag 2(4):273–294
McNeeley JA, Mooney HA, Neville LE et al (2001) Global strategy on invasive Alien Species. IUCN—the World Conservation Union, Gland
Mujingni C (2012) Quantification of the impacts of Water Hyacinth on riparian communities in Cameroon and assessment of an appropriate method of control: the case of the River Wouri Basin. Thesis, World Maritime University
Muli JR (1996) Environmental problems in Lake Victoria (East Africa): What the international community can do. Lakes Reservoirs: Res Manag 2:47–53
Ndimele P, Kumolu-Johnson C, Anetekhai M (2011) The invasive aquatic macrophyte, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solm-Laubach: Pontedericeae): problems and prospects. Res J Environ Sci 5:509–520
Ndimele PE, Jenyo-Oni A, Ayodele AI et al (2010) The phytoremedation of crude oil-polluted aquatic environment by water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) Afr J Livest Extension 8:48–52
NEPAD (2003) Action plan for the environment initiative. New Partnership for Africa’s Development, Midrand. http://nepad.org/2005/files/reports/action_plan/action_plan_english2.pdf. Accessed 6 June 2015
Patel S (2012) Threats, management and envisaged utilizations of aquatic weed Eichhornia crassipes: an overview. Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol 11:249–259. doi:10.1007/s11157-012-9289-4
Preston G, Williams L (2003) Case study: the working for water programme: threats and successes. Serv Deliv Rev 2(2):66–69. http://www.dpsa.gov.za/documents/service_delivery_review/vol2no2. Accessed on 6 Feb 2015
Pyšek P (1997) Clonality and plant invasions: can a trait make a difference? In: de Kroon H, van Groenendael J (eds) The ecology and evolution of clonal plants. Backhuys, Leiden, pp 405–427
Rands M, Adams W, Bennun L et al (2010) Biodiversity conservation: challenges beyond 2010. Science 329:1298–1303
Rejmánek M (1999) Invasive plant species and invasible ecosystems. In: Sandlund OT, Schei PJ, Vilken A (eds) Invasive species and biodiversity management. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 79–102
Rejmánek M, Pitcairn MI (2002) When is eradication of exotic pest plants a realistic goal? In: Veitch CR, Clout MN (eds) Turning the tide: the eradication of invasive species. IUCN/SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, and Cambridge, pp 249–253
Richardson DM, Allsopp N, D’Antonio C et al (2000) Plant invasions—the role of mutualisms. Biol Rev 75:65–93
Richardson DM, van Wilgen BW (2004). Invasive alien plants in South Africa: how well do we understand the ecological impacts? S Afr J Sci 100:45–52. http://www.dwaf.gov.za/wfw/Docs/Papers/SAJSFeb2004richardson.pdf. Accessed on 6 Feb 2015
Seid A (2014) A review on the biology and control of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes): invasive Gust of the Pristine Lake Tana, Ethiopia. Proceedings of the Second Annual Science Conferance, ASC 2014, pp 161–180
Shanab S, Shalaby E, Lightfoot D et al (2010) Allelopathic effects of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). PLoS ONE 5(10):e13200. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013200
Téllez T, López E, Granado G et al (2008) The water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes: an invasive plant in the Guadiana River Basin (Spain). Aquat Invasions 3:42–53
Tham HT (2012) Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)—biomass production, ensilability and feeding value to growing cattle. Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Uppsala, Sweden
Timmer CE, Weldon LW (1967) Evapotranspiration and pollution of water by water hyacinth. Hyacinth Control J l6:34–37
Twongo T, Balirwa J (1995) The water hyacinth problem and the biological control option in the highland region of the Upper Nile Basin: Uganda’s experience. Paper presented at the 2002 Nile conference, “Comprehensive Water Resources Development of the Nile Basin,” Arusha, Tanzania, 13–17 Feb 1995
Uka UN, Chukwuka KS, Daddy F (2007) Water hyacinth infestation and management in Nigeria inland waters: a review. J Plant Sci 2:480–488
UNEP (2004) Invasive aliens threaten biodiversity and increase vulnerability in Africa. Call to Action 1(1). United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi
UNEP (2006) Africa Environment Outlook 2. Division of Early Warning and Assessment, United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi
USBC (2008) Statistical Abstract of the United States 2008. U.S. Census Bureau, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
Vila M, Espinar J, Hejda M et al (2011) Ecological impacts of invasive alien plants: a meta-analysis of their effects on species, communities and ecosystems. Ecol Lett 14:702–708
Villamagna A, Murphy B (2010) Ecological and socio-economic impacts of invasive water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes): a review. Freshw Biol 55:282–298. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02294.x
Wanda FM (1997) The impact of water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae) on the abundance and diversity of aquatic macroinvertebrates in northern Lake Victoria, Uganda. Thesis, International Institute of Infrastructural, Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering
Willoughby NG, Watson IG, Lauer S et al (1993) An investigation into the effects of water hyacinth on the biodiversity and abundance of fish and invertebrates in Lake Victoria, Uganda. NRI Project Number 10066 A0328. Accessed 23 Aug 2013
Wittenberg R, Cock MJW (2001) Invasive Alien species: a toolkit of best prevention and management practices. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, UK
Xu H, Qiang S, Genovesi P et al (2012) An inventory of invasive alien species in China. NeoBiota 15:1–26. doi:10.3897/neobiota.15.3575
Yirefu F, Tafesse A, Gebeyehu T et al (2007) Distribution, impact and management of water hyacinth at Wonji-Shewa Sugar Factory. Eth J Weed Manag 1(1):41–52
Zhang Y, Zhang D, Barrett S (2010) Genetic uniformity characterizes the invasive spread of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), a clonal aquatic plant. Molec Ecol 19:1774–1786
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Seid, A., Getenet, B. (2017). Exotic and Invasive Plants: Water Hyacinth. In: Stave, K., Goshu, G., Aynalem, S. (eds) Social and Ecological System Dynamics. AESS Interdisciplinary Environmental Studies and Sciences Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45755-0_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45755-0_17
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-45753-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-45755-0
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)