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Advances in Biomaterials for the Treatment of Articular Cartilage Defects

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Regenerative Strategies for the Treatment of Knee Joint Disabilities

Part of the book series: Studies in Mechanobiology, Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials ((SMTEB,volume 21))

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Abstract

The management of cartilage defects is one of the most challenging problems for public and medical communities. The complete repairing of the damaged cartilage is a complex procedure, since articular cartilage is characterized by a poor vascularization (absence of blood vessels and nerve source), which limits the capacity to repair itself. Cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are relatively novel areas of research and may hold the key to the successful treatment of cartilage diseases and disorders. Materials such as natural and synthetic biomaterials have been explored to recreate the microarchitecture of articular cartilage through multilayered biomimetic scaffolds. In this chapter, an overview is given of the natural and synthetic biomaterials used on cartilage repair, describing the procedures to obtain these biomaterials, their chemical structure, their modifications to enhance their properties, and also their medical applications.

Cristiana Gonçalves and Hajer Radhouani have contributed equally to this chapter.

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    1. 3B’s Research Group—Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Avepark, Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal

      Cristiana Gonçalves, Hajer Radhouani, Joaquim Miguel Oliveira & Rui Luís Reis

    2. ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal

      Cristiana Gonçalves, Hajer Radhouani, Joaquim Miguel Oliveira & Rui Luís Reis

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      Joaquim Miguel Oliveira

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    Gonçalves, C., Radhouani, H., Oliveira, J.M., Reis, R.L. (2017). Advances in Biomaterials for the Treatment of Articular Cartilage Defects. In: Oliveira, J., Reis, R. (eds) Regenerative Strategies for the Treatment of Knee Joint Disabilities. Studies in Mechanobiology, Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, vol 21. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44785-8_6

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