Abstract
The control of coherent electrons is becoming relevant in emerging devices as (semi-)ballistic transport is observed within nanometer semiconductor structures at room temperature. The evolution of a wave packet – representing an electron in a semiconductor – can be manipulated using specially shaped potential profiles with convex or concave features, similar to refractive lenses used in optics. Such electrostatic lenses offer the possibility, for instance, to concentrate a single wave packet which has been invoked by a laser pulse, or split it up into several wave packets. Moreover, the shape of the potential profile can be dynamically changed by an externally applied potential, depending on the desired behaviour. The evolution of a wave packet under the influence of a two-dimensional potential – the electrostatic lens – is investigated by computing the physical densities using the Wigner function. The latter is obtained by using the signed-particle Wigner Monte Carlo method.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Spector, J., Stormer, H.L., Baldwin, K.W., Pfeiffer, L.N., West, K.W.: Electron focusing in two-dimensional systems by means of an electrostatic lens. Appl. Phys. Lett. 56(13), 1290–1292 (1990)
Sivan, U., Heiblum, M., Umbach, C.P., Shtrikman, H.: Electrostatic electron lens in the ballistic regime. Phys. Rev. B 41, 7937–7940 (1990)
Wang, R., Liu, H., Huang, R., Zhuge, J., Zhang, L., Kim, D.W., Zhang, X., Park, D., Wang, Y.: Experimental investigations on carrier transport in Si nanowire transistors: ballistic efficiency and apparent mobility. IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 55(11), 2960–2967 (2008)
Williams, J.R., Low, T., Lundstrom, M.S., Marcus, C.M.: Gate-controlled guiding of electrons in graphene. Nat. Nanotechnol. 6(4), 222–225 (2011)
Muraguchi, M., Endoh, T.: Size dependence of electrostatic lens effect in vertical MOSFETs. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 53(4S), 04EJ09 (2014)
LeRoy, B.J.: Imaging coherent electron flow. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 15(50), R1835 (2003)
Sellier, H., Hackens, B., Pala, M.G., Martins, F., Baltazar, S., Wallart, X., Desplanque, L., Bayot, V., Huant, S.: On the imaging of electron transport in semiconductor quantum structures by scanning-gate microscopy: successes and limitations. Semicond. Sci. Technol. 26(6), 064008 (2011)
Loth, S., Burgess, J.A.J., Yan, S.: Scanning probe microscopy: close-up on spin coherence. Nat. Nanotechnol. 9(8), 574–575 (2014)
Wigner, E.: On the quantum correction for thermodynamic equilibrium. Phys. Rev. 40, 749–759 (1932)
Leibfried, D., Pfau, T., Monroe, C.: Shadows and mirrors: reconstructing quantum states of atom motion. Phys. Today 51(4), 22–28 (1998). Print edition
Ellinghaus, P., Nedjalkov, M., Selberherr, S.: Implications of the coherence length on the discrete Wigner potential. In: 2014 International Workshop on Computational Electronics (IWCE), pp. 1–3 (2014)
Nedjalkov, M., Vasileska, D.: Semi-discrete 2D Wigner-particle approach. J. Comput. Electron. 7(3), 222–225 (2008)
Nedjalkov, M., Schwaha, P., Selberherr, S., Sellier, J.M., Vasileska, D.: Wigner quasi-particle attributes - an asymptotic perspective. Appl. Phys. Lett. 102(16), 163113 (2013)
Sellier, J.M., Nedjalkov, M., Dimov, I., Selberherr, S.: The role of annihilation in a Wigner Monte Carlo approach. In: Lirkov, I., Margenov, S., Waśniewski, J. (eds.) LSSC 2013. LNCS, vol. 8353, pp. 186–194. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)
Acknowledgement
This work was partially supported by the Bulgarian NSF under the grant DFNI 02/20.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ellinghaus, P., Nedjalkov, M., Selberherr, S. (2015). The Influence of Electrostatic Lenses on Wave Packet Dynamics. In: Lirkov, I., Margenov, S., Waśniewski, J. (eds) Large-Scale Scientific Computing. LSSC 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9374. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26520-9_30
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26520-9_30
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-26519-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-26520-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)