Abstract
Nuclear energy has very difficult aspects to overcome, not only avoiding the proliferation and diminishing military use of nuclear materials, but also appropriate and safe controlling of peaceful uses of nuclear energy are keys to bring a bright future to our life. Therefore, Nuclear-Test-Ban-Treaty (CTBT), IAEA Safeguards System, Control of Nuclear Materials and Trade of nuclear related products, as well as expertise for enhancing nuclear safety , security, safeguards and non-proliferation will play a key role.
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Notes
- 1.
These States do not include the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), where the IAEA did not implement safeguards and, therefore, could not draw any conclusion.
- 2.
And Taiwan, China.
- 3.
The structure and content of Agreements between the Agency and States required in connection with the Treaty on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons [INFCIRC/153 (Corrected)].
- 4.
Model Protocol Additional to the Agreement(s) between State(s) and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the Application of Safeguards [INFCIRC/540 (Corrected)].
- 5.
The standard text of safeguards agreements in connection with the Treaty on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons (GOV/INF/276—22 August 1974).
- 6.
Part II specifies the procedures to be applied for the implementation of the safeguards provisions of Part I of a State’s CSA.
- 7.
The standard text of safeguards agreements in connection with the Treaty on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons —Revision of the standardized text of the “small quantities protocol” (GOV/INF/276/Mod.1—21 February 2006).
- 8.
GOV/INF/276, Annex B.
- 9.
GOV/2011/69 (18 November 2011) and GOV/2012/50 (13 September 2012).
- 10.
Resolution 1929 (2010).
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Onishi, T., Abe, N., Pujol, E., Grossi, R.M. (2016). Nuclear Safeguards and Non-proliferation. In: Maiani, L., Abousahl, S., Plastino, W. (eds) International Cooperation for Enhancing Nuclear Safety, Security, Safeguards and Non-proliferation. Springer Proceedings in Physics, vol 172. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24322-1_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24322-1_2
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