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microRNAs and Colorectal Cancer

  • Chapter
microRNA: Cancer

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 889))

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of human cancer with high cancer-related morbidity and mortality rates. The development and clinical validation of novel therapeutic avenues have improved the clinical outcome, but metastatic CRC still remains an incurable disease in most cases. The interest in discovering novel pathophysiological drivers in CRC is intensively ongoing and the search for novel biomarkers for early diagnosis, for patient’s stratification for prognostic purposes or for predicting treatment response are warranted. microRNAs are small RNA molecules that regulate the expression of larger messenger RNA species by different mechanisms with the final consequence to provide a fine tuning tool for global gene expression patterns. First discovered in worms, around 15 years ago it became clear that microRNAs are also existing in humans and that they are widely involved in human carcinogenesis. Within the last years, tremendous progress in the understanding of microRNAs and their role in CRC carcinogenesis has been developed. In this book chapter, several examples of previously identified microRNAs and how they influence colorectal carcinogenesis will be discussed. The information starting at the underlying molecular mechanisms towards clinical applications will be depicted and an overview what great potential these small molecules might carry in future colorectal cancer medicine, will be discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

    Anna Lena Ress & Samantha Perakis

  2. Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Martin Pichler

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  1. Anna Lena Ress
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  2. Samantha Perakis
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  3. Martin Pichler
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Correspondence to Martin Pichler .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA

    Gaetano Santulli

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Ress, A.L., Perakis, S., Pichler, M. (2015). microRNAs and Colorectal Cancer. In: Santulli, G. (eds) microRNA: Cancer. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 889. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23730-5_6

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