Abstract
In recent years, the shift of research interest in the pathological condition after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from delayed cerebral vasospasm to early brain injury and the development of molecular genetic approaches in animal experiments has resulted in a diversification of animal SAH models. The properties of each animal SAH model thus need to be validated and the purpose of using each animal model should be clarified. This study presents the settings and technical procedures for a rabbit cisterna magna double-injection SAH model and discusses the advantages and limitations of using this model.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Baker KF, Zervas NT, Pile-Spellman J, Vacanti FX, Miller D (1987) Angiographic evidence of basilar artery constriction in the rabbit: a new model of vasospasm. Surg Neurol 27:107–112
Edvinsson L, Egund N, Owman C, Sahlin C, Svendgaard NA (1982) Reduced noradrenaline uptake and retention in cerebrovascular nerves associated with angiographically visible vasoconstriction following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits. Brain Res Bull 9:799–805
Endo S, Branson PJ, Alksne JF (1988) Experimental model of symptomatic vasospasm in rabbits. Stroke 19:1420–1425
Gules I, Satoh M, Clower BR, Nanda A, Zhang JH (2002) Comparison of three rat models of cerebral vasospasm. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 283:H2551–H2559
Kameda K, Kikkawa Y, Hirano M, Matsuo S, Sasaki T, Hirano K (2012) Combined argatroban and anti-oxidative agents prevents increased vascular contractility to thrombin and other ligands after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Br J Pharmacol 165:106–119
Kikkawa Y, Kameda K, Hirano M, Sasaki T, Hirano K (2010) Impaired feedback regulation of the receptor activity and the myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity contributes to increased vascular reactiveness after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 30:1637–1650
Kikkawa Y, Matsuo S, Kameda K, Hirano M, Nakamizo A, Sasaki T, Hirano K (2012) Mechanisms underlying potentiation of endothelin-1-induced myofilament Ca2+ sensitization after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 32:341–352
Laslo AM, Eastwood JD, Pakkiri P, Chen F, Lee TY (2008) CT perfusion-derived mean transit time predicts early mortality and delayed vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 29:79–85
Marbacher S, Andereggen L, Neuschmelting V, Widmer HR, von Gunten M, Takala J, Jakob SM, Fandino J (2012) A new rabbit model for the study of early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosci Methods 208:138–145
Marbacher S, Fandino J, Kitchen ND (2010) Standard intracranial in vivo animal models of delayed cerebral vasospasm. Br J Neurosurg 24:415–434
Murphy AM, Xenocostas A, Pakkiri P, Lee TY (2008) Hemodynamic effects of recombinant human erythropoietin on the central nervous system after subarachnoid hemorrhage: reduction of microcirculatory impairment and functional deficits in a rabbit model. J Neurosurg 109:1155–1164
Offerhaus L, van Gool J (1969) Electrocardiographic changes and tissue catecholamines in experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage. Cardiovasc Res 3:433–440
Spallone A, Pastore FS (1989) Cerebral vasospasm in a double-injection model in rabbit. Surg Neurol 32:408–417
Svendgaard NA, Edvinsson L, Owman C, Sahlin C (1977) Increased sensitivity of the basilar artery to norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Surg Neurol 8:191–195
Varsos VG, Liszczak TM, Han DH, Kistler JP, Vielma J, Black PM, Heros RC, Zervas NT (1983) Delayed cerebral vasospasm is not reversible by aminophylline, nifedipine, or papaverine in a “two-hemorrhage” canine model. J Neurosurg 58:11–17
Zhou ML, Shi JX, Zhu JQ, Hang CH, Mao L, Chen KF, Yin HX (2007) Comparison between one- and two-hemorrhage models of cerebral vasospasm in rabbits. J Neurosci Methods 159:318–324
Acknowledgment
This research was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (Grant Numbers 24791510, 25670624 and 26462164).
Conflict of Interest Statement
We declare that we have no conflict of interest.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kikkawa, Y. (2015). A Rabbit Cisterna Magna Double-Injection Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model. In: Fandino, J., Marbacher, S., Fathi, AR., Muroi, C., Keller, E. (eds) Neurovascular Events After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement, vol 120. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04981-6_57
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04981-6_57
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-04980-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-04981-6
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)