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Hypergeometric Multivariate Orthogonal Polynomials

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Orthogonal Polynomials (AIMSVSW 2018)

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Abstract

In this lecture a comparison between univariate and multivariate orthogonal polynomials is presented. The first step is to review classical univariate orthogonal polynomials, including classical continuous, classical discrete, their q-analogues and also classical orthogonal polynomials on nonuniform lattices. In all these cases, the orthogonal polynomials are solution of a second-order differential, difference, q-difference, or divided-difference equation of hypergeometric type. Next, a review multivariate orthogonal polynomials is presented. In the approach we have considered, the main tool is the partial differential, difference, q-difference or divided-difference equation of hypergeometric type the polynomial sequences satisfy. From these equations satisfied, the equation satisfied by any derivative (difference, q-difference or divided-difference) of the polynomials is obtained. A big difference appears for nonuniform lattices, where bivariate Racah and for bivariate q-Racah polynomials satisfy a fourth-order divided-difference equation of hypergeometric type. From this analysis, we propose a definition of multivariate classical orthogonal polynomials. Finally, some open problems are stated.

To Prof. Eduardo Godoy, with appreciation and respect

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Acknowledgements

The authors thanks the reviewers for their careful reading of the manuscript. The author also wishes to thank Prof. Amílcar Branquinho for his valuable comments which improved a preliminary version of this manuscript.

The author thanks the financial support from the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) of Spain under grant MTM2016–75140–P, co-financed by the European Community fund FEDER.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Matemática Aplicada II, E.E. Aeronáutica e do Espazo, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain

    Iván Area

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  1. Iván Area
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Correspondence to Iván Area .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon; African Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Limbe, Cameroon

    Mama Foupouagnigni

  2. Institute for Mathematics, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany

    Wolfram Koepf

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Area, I. (2020). Hypergeometric Multivariate Orthogonal Polynomials. In: Foupouagnigni, M., Koepf, W. (eds) Orthogonal Polynomials. AIMSVSW 2018. Tutorials, Schools, and Workshops in the Mathematical Sciences . Birkhäuser, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36744-2_10

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