Abstract
Nepal has a collectivist culture, founded on the ‘afno manche’ family system, where the needs of the family and kinships take priority over external obligations. The devastating April 2015 earthquake of 7.8 magnitude threw this into sharp relief, affecting 31 of Nepal’s 75 districts; it killed 8794 people and injured 22,300. This chapter explores the experiences of Nepali journalists as members—in a personal and professional capacity—of disaster-affected communities. It draws on in-depth interviews with journalists and editors based in the city areas of Kathmandu and Patan, as well as regions worst affected by the earthquake: Sindhupalchok, Nuwakot, and Gorkha. The chapter explores the tension between journalists’ professional identity and their emotive response to experiencing the disaster first-hand, as victims and survivors. Respondents revealed tensions between traumatic experience of themselves and their family and their perceived professional duty to report.
We could have been killed that day… so that gave us a new perspective. Till now I am reminded of how I was lucky to survive.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Acharya, U. (2019). Nepal—Media landscapes. European Journalism Centre. Retrieved July 1, 2019, from https://medialandscapes.org/country/nepal.
Anderson, H. G. (2004). What a village can tell—Democratization in Nepal. Paper for Panel 21 Presented at 17th European Conference on Modern South Asia Studies, Lund, Sweden, 6–9 July 2004.
Backholm, K., & Björkqvist, K. (2012). Journalists’ emotional reactions after working with the Jokela school shooting incident. Media, War & Conflict, 5(2), 175–190.
Berrington, E., & Jemphrey, A. (2003). Pressures on the press: Reflections on reporting tragedy. Journalism, 4(2), 225–248.
Bista, D. B. (1991). Fatalism and development: Nepal’s struggle for modernization. Delhi: Orient Longman.
Buchanan, M., & Keats, P. (2011). Coping with traumatic stress in journalism: A critical ethnographic study. International Journal of Psychology, 46(2), 127–135. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2010.532799
Entman, R. (2004). Projections of power: Framing news, public opinion, and US foreign policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Feinstein, A. (2012). Mexican journalists: An investigation into their emotional health. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 25(4), 480–483.
Feinstein, A., Feinstein, S., Behari, M., & Pavisian, B. (2016). The psychological wellbeing of Iranian journalists: A descriptive study. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Open, 7(12), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1177/2054270416675560
Feinstein, A., Wanga, J., & Owen, J. (2015). The psychological effects of reporting extreme violence: A study of Kenyan journalists. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Open, 6(9), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1177/2054270415602828
Gyawali, S. (2015). A critique of Indian media’s coverage of the Nepal earthquake. Asian Politics & Policy, 7(4), 664–666.
Haaland, G. (2010). Reflection on contrasting views on themes in Chinese civilization. Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 4, 1–20.
Himmelstein, H., & Faithorn, E. P. (2002). Eyewitness to disaster: How journalists cope with the psychological stress inherent in reporting traumatic events. Journalism Studies, 3(4), 537–555. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670022000019173
Hughes, S., & Marquez-Ramirez, M. (2017). Examining the practices that Mexican journalists employ to reduce risk in a context of violence. International Journal of Communication, 11, 499–521.
Jamil, I., & Dangal, R. (2009). The state of bureaucratic representativeness and administrative culture in Nepal. Contemporary South Asia, 17(2), 193–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/09584930802346497
Joye, S. (2010). News discourses on distant suffering: A Critical Discourse Analysis of the 2003 SARS outbreak. Discourse & Society, 21(5), 586–601.
Kim, H. S., & Lee, S. (2008). National interest, selective sourcing and attribution in air disaster reporting. Journal of International Communication, 14(1), 85–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/13216597.2008.9674723
Kramp, L., & Weichert, S. (2014). Covering the world in despair: A survey of German crisis reporters. Journal of War & Culture Studies, 7(1), 18–35.
MacDonald, J. B., Hodgins, G., & Saliba, A. J. (2017). Trauma exposure in journalists: A systematic literature review. Fusion, no. 11. Retrieved July 1, 2019, from https://researchoutput.csu.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/21892336/19354278_Published_article_OA.pdf.
Manandhar, M. D, Varughese, G., Howitt, A. M, & Kelly, E. (2017). Disaster preparedness and response during political transition in Nepal: Assessing civil and military roles in the aftermath of the 2015 earthquakes. The Asia Foundation. Retrieved from https://asiafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Disaster-Preparedness-and-Response-During-Political-Transition-in-Nepal.pdf.
Matthews, J. (2017). The role of a local newspaper after disaster: An intrinsic case study of Ishinomaki, Japan. Asian Journal of Communication, 27(5), 464–479. https://doi.org/10.1080/01292986.2017.1280065
Nepal, P., Khanal, N. R., & Sharma, B. P. P. (2018). Policies and institutions for disaster risk management in Nepal: A review. The Geographical Journal of Nepal, 11, 1–24.
Puente, S., Pellegrini, S., & Grassau, D. (2013). Journalistic challenges in television coverage of disasters: Lessons from the February 27, 2010, earthquake in Chile. Communication & Society/Comunicación y Sociedad, 26(4), 103–125.
Regmi, K. D. (2016). The political economy of 2015 Nepal earthquake: Some critical reflections. Asian Geographer, 33(2), 77–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/10225706.2016.1235053
Sreedharan, C., & Thorsen, E. (2018). Voices from Nepal: Lessons in post-disaster journalism. Centre for the Study of Journalism, Culture and Community. Retrieved July 1, 2019, from http://www.aftershocknepal.com/report/.
Sreedharan, C., Thorsen, E., & Sharma, N. (2019). Disaster journalism: Building media resilience in Nepal. UNESCO Kathmandu and Bournemouth University. Retrieved October 1, 2019, from https://www.aftershocknepal.com/disaster-journalism-book/.
Subedi, M. S. (2014). Afno Manchhe: Unequal access to public resources and institutions in Nepal. Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 8, 55–86. https://doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v8i0.10722
UNESCO. (2018). Getting the message across reporting on climate change and sustainable development in Asia and the Pacific: A handbook for journalists. Retrieved July 1, 2019, from https://en.unesco.org/sites/default/files/getting_the_message_across_climate_change_asia_pacific_web_2018.pdf.
Usher, N. (2009). Recovery from disaster: How journalists at the New Orleans Times-Picayune understand the role of a post-Katrina newspaper. Journalism Practice, 3, 216–232.
von Engelhardt, J., & Jansz, J. (2015). Distant suffering and the mediation of humanitarian disaster. In R. E. Anderson (Ed.), World suffering and quality of life (pp. 75–83). New York: Springer.
Weidmann, A., Fehm, L., & Fydrich, T. (2008). Covering the tsunami disaster: Subsequent post-traumatic and depressive symptoms and associated social factors. Stress and Health, 24, 129–135. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.1168
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sreedharan, C., Thorsen, E. (2020). Reporting from the ‘Inner Circle’: Afno Manche and Commitment to Community in Post-earthquake Nepal. In: Matthews, J., Thorsen, E. (eds) Media, Journalism and Disaster Communities. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33712-4_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33712-4_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-33711-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-33712-4
eBook Packages: Literature, Cultural and Media StudiesLiterature, Cultural and Media Studies (R0)