Use of Carbon Dioxide in Polymer Synthesis

Azim, Annalisa Abdel; Cordara, Alessandro; Battaglino, Beatrice; Re, Angela

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-28638-5_1

Use of Carbon Dioxide in Polymer Synthesis

Annalisa Abdel Azim⁷^na1,
Alessandro Cordara⁷^na1,
Beatrice Battaglino^7,8^na1 &
…
Angela Re⁷^na1

Chapter
First Online: 14 November 2019

891 Accesses

Part of the book series: Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World ((ECSW,volume 41))

Abstract

The possibility of developing biotechnological processes based on emitted carbon dioxide (CO₂) for obtaining diverse products offers an exciting and visionary path from an ecologically destructive and resource-exhausting societal and economical model to a resource-conserving and environmentally friendly one. Microorganisms-based CO₂ sequestration is best positioned to represent a prominent alternative to conventional CO₂ sequestration technologies consisting of CO₂ capture, CO₂ separation, and CO₂ storage, which present shortfalls such as energy and operational costs and the production of degradation products injurious to human health and natural ecosystems. Without neglecting the bottlenecks inherent into bio-manufacturing, it is worth highlighting that, differently from microbial CO₂ sequestration, microorganisms are not restricted to be used solely as desirable carbon sinks but also as catalysts that can simultaneously capture CO₂ and produce value-added chemicals. Rather than being a niche market, the CO₂-based biopolymers market is expected to witness significant growth.

Herein, we highlight the usage of CO₂ as carbon substrate in the synthesis of polymers or polymer building blocks through biological processes. Together with the advances reached by synthetic biology and metabolic engineering capacities, a number of microorganisms have been engaged in the construction of CO₂-based cell factories. The present chapter captures the main breakthroughs in the biotransformation of CO₂ into different classes of valuable intermediates towards polymer synthesis.

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Abbreviations

1,3-PDO:: 1,3-Propanediol
2,3-BDO:: 2,3-Butanediol
3-HP:: 3-Hydroxypropionic
3-HPA:: 3-Hydroxypropionaldehyde
3-HV:: 3-Hydroxyvalerate
4HB:: 4-Hydroxybutyrate
5-AVA:: δ-Aminovaleric acid
6-ACA:: ε-Aminocaproic acid
ADH:: Alcohol dehydrogenase
ADMET:: Acyclic diene metathesis
ATP:: Adenosine triphosphate
ATRP:: Atom transfer radical polymerization
C3H:: p-Coumarate-3-hydroxylase
CA:: Carbonic anhydrase
CAGR:: Compound annual growth rate
CDW:: Cell dry weight
CO:: Carbon monoxide
CO2:: Carbon dioxide
CP:: Cyanophycin
CRISPRi:: Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interference
DAHPS:: 3-Deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase
DHAP:: Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
DHCA:: 3,4-Dihydroxycinnamic acid
EPS:: Extracellular polymeric substances
fbr-DAHPS:: Feedback-inhibition-resistant 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase
GABA:: γ-Aminobutyric acid
GDP:: Guanosine diphosphate
GlyDH:: Glycerol dehydrogenase
H2:: Hydrogen
HCO3-:: Hydrogen carbonate
IPTG:: Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside
KGD:: Ketoglutarate decarboxylase
LDH:: Lactate dehydrogenases
MCR:: Malonyl-CoA reductase
MgCO3:: Magnesium carbonate
MSA:: Malonate semialdehyde
NADH:: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NADPH:: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NAGK:: N-Acetyl-l-glutamate kinase
n-Bu4NBr-DMF:: Tetra-n-butylammonium bromide-dimethylformamide
NMP:: Nitroxide-mediated polymerization
Nox:: Nitrogen oxides
O2:: Oxygen
P(3HB-co-3HP):: Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxypropionate) copolymer
P(3HB-co-4HB):: Poly(3-hydroxubutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) copolymer
P3HB:: Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate
PAD:: Phenolic acid decarboxylase
PBS:: Polybutylene succinate
p-CA:: p-Coumaric acid
PDC:: p-Hydroxycinnamic acid decarboxylase
PEP:: Phosphoenolpyruvate
PHAmcl:: Medium-chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates
PHAs:: Polyhydroxyalkanoates
PHAscl:: Short-chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates
PHB:: Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)
p-HBA:: p-Hydroxybenzene
p-HS:: p-Hydroxystyrene
PHV:: Polyhydroxyvalerate
PLA:: Polylactic acid
PTT:: Polytrimethylene terephthalate
PyDC:: Pyruvate decarboxylase
rAcCoA:: Oxygen-sensitive reductive acetyl-CoA pathway
RAFT:: Reversible addition fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization
rPP cycle:: Reductive pentose phosphate cycle
rTCA:: Reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle
SPPS:: Solid-phase peptide synthesis
SSD:: Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase
THF:: Tetrahydrofuran

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Author Angela Re have been equally contributed to this chapter.

Authors and Affiliations

Systems and Synthetic Biology Laboratory, Centre for Sustainable Future Technologies, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Torino, Italy
Annalisa Abdel Azim, Alessandro Cordara, Beatrice Battaglino & Angela Re
Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
Beatrice Battaglino

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Annalisa Abdel Azim
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Alessandro Cordara
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Beatrice Battaglino
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Angela Re
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Correspondence to Annalisa Abdel Azim or Alessandro Cordara .

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Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Inamuddin
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Abdullah M. Asiri
Lab. Multiphase Flow in Pow. Eng., Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
Eric Lichtfouse

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Azim, A.A., Cordara, A., Battaglino, B., Re, A. (2020). Use of Carbon Dioxide in Polymer Synthesis. In: Inamuddin, Asiri, A., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Hydrocarbons Vol. 2 Technology. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 41. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28638-5_1

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28638-5_1
Published: 14 November 2019
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-28637-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-28638-5
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)

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