Skip to main content

Simulation and Analysis of Different Designs of Escape Areas with the Insertion of Obstacles

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Operations Management for Social Good (POMS 2018)

Abstract

Starting from Social Forces models, the homogenization of variables and fixed parameters, different architectural solutions were simulated and compared for emergency emptying of areas with large public. The results show that small adjustments in the input data generate divergent responses, indicating that the effectiveness of evacuations depends on multiple variables.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Duives, D., Daamen, W., Hoogendoorn, S.: State-of-the-art crowd motion simulation models. Transp. Res. Part C 37, 193–209 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Escobar, R., De La Rosa, A.: Architectural design for the survival optimization of panicking fleeing victims. In: Banzhaf, W., Ziegler, J., Christaller, T., Dittrich, P., Kim, T. (eds.) Advances in Artificial Life. Proceedings of the 7th European Conference, ECAL. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2801, pp. 97–106. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Frank, G., Dorso, C.: Room evacuation in the presence of an obstacle. Phys. A Stat. Mech. Appl. (Amsterdam) 390(11), 213–2145 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Helbing, D., Buzna, L., Johansson, A., Werner, T.: Self-Organized Pedestrian crowd dynamics: experiments, simulations, and design solutions. Transp. Sci. 39(1), 1–24 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Helbing, D., Farkas, I., Vicsek, T.: Simulating dynamical features of escape panic. Nature 407, 487–490 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Helbing, D., Farkas, I., Vicsek, T.: Crowd disasters and simulation of panic situations. In: Bunde, A., Kropp, J., Schellnhuber, H. (eds.) Science of Disaster: Climate Disruptions, Heart Attacks and Market Crashes, pp. 331–350. Springer, Berlin (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Helbing, D., Keltsch, J., Molnár, P.: Modelling the evolution of human trail systems. Nature 388, 47–50 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Helbing, D., Molnar, P.: Social force model for pedestrian dynamics. Phys. Rev. E 51(5), 4282–4286 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Helbing, D., Farkas, I., Molnár, P., Vicsek, T.: Simulation of Pedestrian crowds in normal and evacuation situations. In: Schreckenberg, M., Sharm, S. (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, pp. 21–58. Springer, Berlin, Germany (2002a)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Helbing, D., Farkas, I., Vicsek, T.: Crowd Disasters and Simulation of Panic Situations. The Science of Disasters, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2002b)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Hoogendoorn, S., Bovy, P.: Pedestrian route-choice and activity scheduling theory and models. Transp. Res. Part B Methodol. 38, 169–190 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Illera, C., Fink, M., Hinneberg, H., Kath, K., Waldau, N., Rosic, A., Wurzer, G.: No panic. Escape and panic in buildings–architectural basic research in the context of security and safety research. In: Klingsch, W., Rogsch, C., Schadschneider, A., Schreckenberg, M. (eds.) Pedestrian and Evacuation, Dynamics, pp. 733–742. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Jiang, L., Li, J., Shen, C., Yang, S., Han, Z.: Obstacle optimization for panic flow—reducing the tangential momentum increases the escape speed. PLoS ONE 9(12), e115463 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Lima, F., Oliveira, D., Samed, M.: Simulação e Cenáriros como Preparação para Desastres. In: Leiras, A., Yoshizaki, H., Samed, M., Gonçalves, M. (orgs.) Logística Humanitária, 1 edn, pp. 251–272. Elsevier, Rio de Janeiro (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Moussaïd, M., Helbing, D., Theraulaz, G.: How simple rules determine pedestrian behavior and crowd disasters. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 108(17), 6884–6888 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Shiwakoti, N., Sarvi, M.: Enhancing the panic escape of crowd through architectural design. Transp. Res. Part C Emerg. Technol. 37, 260–267 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Shiwakoti, N., Sarvi, M., Burd, M.: Using non-human biological entities to understand pedestrian crowd behaviour under emergency conditions. Saf. Sci. 66, 1–8 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Shukla, P.: Genetically optimized architectural designs for control of pedestrian crowds. In: Korb, K., Randall, M., Hendtlass, T. (eds.) Artificial Life: Borrowing from Biology. ACAL. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5865, pp. 22–31. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Yanagisawa, D., Nishi, R., Tomoeda, A., Ohtsuka, K., Kimura, A., Suma, Y., Nishinari, K.: Study on efficiency of evacuation with an obstacle on hexagonal cell space. SICE J. Control Meas. Syst. Integr. 3(6), 395–401 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Post-Graduation Program in Architecture and Urbanism of Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico [CNPq] and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior [CAPES].

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to João Carlos Souza .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Nappi, M.M.L., Moser, I.R., Souza, J.C. (2020). Simulation and Analysis of Different Designs of Escape Areas with the Insertion of Obstacles. In: Leiras, A., González-Calderón, C., de Brito Junior, I., Villa, S., Yoshizaki, H. (eds) Operations Management for Social Good. POMS 2018. Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23816-2_31

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics