Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Environmental Arsenic Exposure and Human Health Risk

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Arsenic Water Resources Contamination

Part of the book series: Advances in Water Security ((AWS))

Abstract

Millions of people worldwide are exposed to arsenic through contaminated water used for drinking, cooking, and irrigation of crops. Presence of significantly elevated levels of arsenic (exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended a provisional value of 10 μg/L) in food or drinking water has been documented from many parts of the world. Chronic exposure to the element is a major global public health issue. Clinical symptoms of acute arsenic poisoning include muscular weakness and muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Arsenic-associated chronic poisoning leads to diseases like cancers, skin lesions, diabetes, hypertension, etc. Arsenic is a potent genotoxic agent for animals and humans that can damage DNA, induces chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchange and micronuclei formations. Extensive research on the biological mechanisms underlying arsenic-associated disease suggests that among a number of cellular mechanisms, epigenetic modifications (altered DNA methylation, miRNA expression, and histone modification) are underpinned by arsenic exposure. Evidence support that inorganic arsenic is an epigenetic modulator of genes as it can alter enzymatic activity of DNA methyltransferases, histone deacetylase (HDAC) and histone acetyltransferase (HAT) that are associated with cellular growth and immune response. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the possible sources of arsenic exposure to humans, and effects on metabolic pathways and related health issues. Additionally, epigenetic modification underlying arsenic-associated changes and their role in arsenic-induced toxicity are also discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abdul KS, Jayasinghe SS, Chandana EP, Jayasumana C, De Silva PM (2015) Arsenic and human health effects: a review. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 40(3):828–846

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed S, Mahabbat-e Khoda S, Rekha RS, Gardner RM, Ameer SS, Moore S, Ekström EC, Vahter M, Raqib R (2011) Arsenic-associated oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune disruption in human placenta and cord blood. Environ Health Perspect 119:258–264

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Akter KF, Owens G, Davey DE, Naidu R (2005) Arsenic speciation and toxicity in biological systems. In: Ware GW et al (eds) Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology, vol 184. Springer, New York

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Alahmari A, Adham K, Alhimaidi A (2017) Immunotoxic and genotoxic effects of arsenic and ameliorative potential of quercetin and probiotics in Wistar Rat. Am J Life Sci 5(4):108–115

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alava P, Du Laing G, Tack F, De Ryck T, Van De Wiele T (2014) Westernized diets lower arsenic gastrointestinal bioaccessibility but increase microbial arsenic speciation changes in the colon. Chemosphere 119C:757–762

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Eryani L, Waigel S, Tyagi A, Peremarti J, Jenkins SF, Damodaran C, States JC (2018) Differentially expressed mRNA targets of differentially expressed miRNAs predict changes in the TP53 axis and carcinogenesis-related pathways in human keratinocytes chronically exposed to arsenic. Toxicol Sci 162(2):645–654

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Argos M, Pierce BL, Chen Y, Parvez F, Islam T, Ahmed A, Hasan R, Hasan K, Sarwar G, Levy D, Slavkovich V, Graziano JH, Rathouz PJ, Ahsan H (2011) A prospective study of arsenic exposure from drinking water and incidence of skin lesions in Bangladesh. Am J Epidemiol 174:185–194

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Argos M, Parvez F, Rahman M, Rakibuz-Zaman M, Ahmed A, Hore SK, Islam T, Chen Y, Pierce BL, Slavkovich V, Olopade C, Yunus M, Baron JA, Graziano JH, Ahsan H (2014) Arsenic and lung disease mortality in Bangladeshi adults. Epidemiology 25(4):536–543

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ATSDR (2007) Toxicological profile for arsenic, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). In: U.S. DHHS (ed), Atlanta

    Google Scholar 

  • Baccarelli A, Bollati V (2009) Epigenetics and environmental chemicals. Curr Opin Pediatr 21(2):243–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey K, Fry R (2014) Arsenic associated changes to the epigenome: what are the functional consequences? Curr Environ Health Rep 1:22–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey KA, Hester SD, Knapp GW, Owen RD, Thai SF (2010) Gene expression of normal human epidermal keratinocytes modulated by trivalent arsenicals. Mol Carcinog 49(12):981–998

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bal S, Yadav A, Verma N, Aggarwal NK, Gupta R (2018a) Protective role of eugenol on arsenic induced oxidative DNA damage and modulatory effect of GSTO2 polymorphism. J Food Biochem 42(5):e12565

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bal S, Yadav A, Verma N, Gupta R, Aggarwal NK (2018b) Shielding effect of anethole against arsenic induced genotoxicity in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes and effect of GSTO1 polymorphism. Biotech 8(5):232

    Google Scholar 

  • Banerjee M, Giri AK (2016) Genetic epidemiology of susceptibility to arsenic – induced diseases. In: Christopher J (ed) Arsenic: exposure sources, health risks, and mechanisms of toxicity. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, pp 267–288

    Google Scholar 

  • Bannister AJ, Kouzarides T (2011) Regulation of chromatin by histone modifications. Cell Res 21:381–395

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Battal D, Çelik A, Guler G, Aktaş A, Yildirimcan S, Ocakoglu K, Çomelekoglu U (2015) SiO2 Nanoparticule-induced size-dependent genotoxicity - an in vitro study using sister chromatid exchange, micronucleus and comet assay. Drug Chem Toxicol 38(2):196–204

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bjorklund KL, Vahter M, Palm B, Grandér M, Lignell S, Berglund M (2012) Metals and trace element concentrations in breast milk of first time healthy mothers: a biological monitoring study. Environ Health 11:92

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bleich S, Lenz B, Ziegenbein M, Beutler S, Frieling H, Kornhuber J, Bonsch D (2006) Epigenetic DNA hypermethylation of the HERP gene promoter induces down-regulation of its mRNA expression in patients with alcohol dependence. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 30:587–591

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bogdan GM, Sampayo-Reyes A, Aposhian HV (1994) Arsenic binding proteins of mammalian systems: I. Isolation of three arsenite-binding proteins of rabbit liver. Toxicology 93:175–193

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cantor KP, Ward MH, Moore L, Lubin J (2006) Water contaminants. In: Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni JF Jr (eds) Cancer epidemiology and prevention. Oxford University Press, NewYork, pp 382–384

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Cao Y, Yu SL, Wang Y, Guo GY, Ding Q, An RH (2011) MicroRNA dependent regulation of PTEN after arsenic trioxide treatment in bladder cancer cell line T24. Tumour Biol 32:179–188

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carey AM, Lombi E, Donner E, de Jonge MD, Punshon T, Jackson BP, Guerinot ML, Price AH, Meharg AA (2012) A review of recent developments in the speciation and location of arsenic and selenium in rice grain. Anal Bioanal Chem 402(10):3275–3286

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carignan CC, Cottingham KL, Jackson BP, Farzan SF, Gandolfi AJ, Punshon T et al (2015) Estimated exposure to arsenic in breastfed and formula-fed infants in a United States Cohort. Environ Health Perspect 123:500–506

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter RL, Jiang BH (2013) Roles of EGFR, PI3K, AKT, and mTOR in heavy metal-induced cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 13(3):252–266

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cerda S, Weitzman SA (1997) Influence of oxygen radical injury on DNA methylation. Mutat Res 386:141–152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chakrabarti D, Singh SK, Rashid MH, Rahman MM (2018a) Arsenic: occurrence in groundwater. Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.10634

  • Chakrabarti D, Singh SK, Rahman MM, Dutta RN, Mukherjee SC, Pati S, Kar PB (2018b) Groundwater arsenic contamination in the Ganga River Basin: a future health danger. Int J Environ Res Public Health 15(2):180

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chakraborti D, Biswas BK, Basu GK, Chowdhury UK, Chowdhury RT, Lodh D et al (1999) Possible arsenic contamination free groundwater source in Bangladesh. J Surf Sci Technol 15:180–188

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chakraborti D, Mukherjee SC, Pati S, Sengupta MK, Rahman MM, Chowdhury UK, Lodh D, Chanda CR, Chakraborti AK, Basu GK (2003) Arsenic groundwater contamination in Middle Ganga Plain, Bihar, India: a future danger? Environ Health Perspect 111(9):1194

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Challenger F (1945) Biological methylation. Chem Rev 36:315–361

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chanda S, Dasgupta UB, Guhamazumder D, Gupta M, Chaudhuri U, Lahiri S, Das S, Ghosh N, Chatterjee D (2006) DNA hypermethylation of promoter of gene p53 and p16 in arsenic exposed people with and without malignancy. Toxicol Sci 89:431–437

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chatterjee A, Mukherjee A (1999) Hydrogeological investigation of ground water arsenic contamination in South Calcutta. Sci Total Environ 225:249–262

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chatterjee S, Datta S, Gupta DK (2017a) Studies on arsenic and human health. In: Gupta DK, Chatterjee S (eds) Arsenic contamination in the environment: the issues and solutions. Springer International Publishing AG, Cham

    Google Scholar 

  • Chatterjee S, Sharma S, Gupta DK (2017b) Arsenic and its effect on major crop plants: Stationary awareness to paradigm with special reference to rice crop. In: Gupta DK, Chatterjee S (eds) Arsenic contamination in the environment. Springer International Publishing AG, Cham, pp 123–143

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Chen QY, Costa M (2018) PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and the biphasic effect of arsenic in carcinogenesis. Mol Pharmacol 94(1):784–792

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen H, Liu J, Zhao CQ, Diwan BA, Merrick BA, Waalkes MP (2001) Association of c-myc overexpression and hyperproliferation with arsenite-induced malignant transformation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 175(3):260–268

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen WT, Hung WC, Kang WY, Huang YC, Chai CY (2007) Urothelial carcinomas arising in arsenic contaminated areas are associated with hypermethylation of the gene promoter of the death associated protein kinase. Histopathology 51:785–792

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen CL, Chiou HY, Hsu LI, Hsueh YM, Wu MM, Wang YH, Chen CJ (2010) Arsenic in drinking water and risk of urinary tract cancer: a follow-up study from northeastern Taiwan. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev 19:101–110

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen C, Jiang X, Gu S, Zhang Z (2017) MicroRNA-155 regulates arsenite-induced malignant transformation by targeting Nrf2-mediated oxidative damage in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol Lett 278:38–47

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chung JY, Yu SD, Hong YS (2014) Environmental source of arsenic exposure. J Prev Med Public Health 47(5):253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ciarrocca M, Tomei F, Caciari T, Cetica C, Andrè JC, Fiaschetti M, Schifano MP, Scala B, Scimitto L, Tomei G, Sancini A (2012) Exposure to arsenic in urban and rural areas and effects on thyroid hormones. Inhal Toxicol 24(9):589–598

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Colognato R, Coppede F, Ponti J, Sabbioni E, Migliore L (2007) Genotoxicity induced by arsenic compounds in peripheral human lymphocytes analysed by cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. Mutagenesis 22(4):255–261

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cortessis VK, Thomas DC, Levine AJ, Breton CV, Mack TM, Siegmund KD, Haile RW, Laird PW (2012) Environmental epigenetics: prospects for studying epigenetic mediation of exposure response relationships. Hum Genet 131:1565–1589

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cubadda F, Jackson BP, Cottingham KL, Van Horne YO, Kurzius-Spencer M (2016) Human exposure to dietary inorganic arsenic and other arsenic species: state of knowledge, gaps and uncertainties. Sci Total Environ 579:1228–1239

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cui X, Wakai T, Shirai Y, Yokoyama N, Hatakeyama K, Hirano S (2006) Arsenic trioxide inhibits DNA methyltransferase and restores methylation-silenced genes in human liver cancer cells. Hum Pathol 37(3):298–311

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cui Y, Han Z, Hu Y, Song G, Hao C, Xia H, Ma X (2012) MicroRNA181b and microRNA9 mediate arsenic induced angiogenesis via NRP1. J Cell Physiol 227:772–783

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cullen WR, Reimer KJ (1989) Arsenic speciation in the environment. Chem Rev 89:713–764

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dauphiné DC, Ferreccio C, Guntur S, Yuan Y, Hammond SK, Balmes J, Smith AH, Steinmaus C (2011) Lung function in adults following in utero and childhood exposure to arsenic in drinking water: preliminary findings. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 84(6):591–600

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dávila-Esqueda ME, Jiménez-Capdeville ME, Delgado JM, De la Cruz E, Aradillas-García C, Jiménez-Suárez V, Escobedo RF, Llerenas JR (2012) Effects of arsenic exposure during the pre-and postnatal development on the puberty of female offspring. Exp Toxicol Pathol 64(1-2):25–30

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Del Razo L, García-Vargas G, Valenzuela OL, Castellanos EH, Sánchez-Peña LC, Currier JM, Drobná Z, Loomis D, Stýblo M (2011) Exposure to arsenic in drinking water is associated with increased prevalence of diabetes: a cross-sectional study in the Zimapan and Lagunera regions in Mexico. Environ Health 10:73–84

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Derheimer FA, Kastan MB (2010) Multiple roles of ATM in monitoring and maintaining DNA integrity. FEBS Lett 584(17):3675–3681

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Diaz OP, Leyton I, Munoz O, Nunez N, Devesa V, Suner MA, Velez D, Montoro R (2004) Contribution of water, bread and vegetables (raw and cooked) to dietary intake of inorganic arsenic in a rural village of Northern Chile. J Agric Food Chem 52:1773–1779

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Diaz OP, Arcos R, Tapia Y, Pastene R, Velez D, Devesa V, Montoro R, Aguilera V, Becerra M (2015) Estimation of arsenic intake from drinking water and food (raw and cooked) in a rural village of northern Chile. Urine as a biomarker of recent exposure. Int J Environ Res Public Health 12(5):5614–5633

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dolinoy DC, Weidman JR, Jirtle RL (2007) Epigenetic gene regulation: linking early developmental environment to adult disease. Reprod Toxicol 23:297–307

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drobna Z, Styblo M, Thomas DJ (2009) An overview of arsenic metabolism and toxicity. Curr Protoc Toxicol 42(1):4–3

    Google Scholar 

  • EFSA (2014) Dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic in the European population. EFSA J 12:68

    Google Scholar 

  • Eichstaedt CA, Antao T, Cardona A, Pagani L, Kivisild T, Mormina M (2015) Positive selection of AS3MT to arsenic water in Andean populations. Mutat Res 780:97–102

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • European Commission (2000) Ambient air pollution by AS, CD and NI compounds (Position Paper—Final) http://ec.europa.eu/environment/air/pdf/pp_as_cd_ni.pdf, p 318

  • European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (2009) EFSA Panel on contaminants in the food chain (CONTAM): scientific opinion on arsenic in food. EFSA J 7:1351

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • FAO/WHO (2011) Report of the joint FAO/WHO expert consultation on the risks and benefits of fish consumption. WHO/Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Geneva/Rome, p 50

    Google Scholar 

  • Feinberg AP, Tycko B (2004) The history of cancer epigenetics. Nat Rev Cancer 4:143–153

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fu HY, Shen JZ, Wu Y, Shen SF, Zhou HR, Fan LP (2010) Arsenic trioxide inhibits DNA methyltransferase and restores expression of methylation-silenced CDKN2B/CDKN2A genes in human hematologic malignant cells. Oncol Rep 24:335–343

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ganapathy S, Xiao S, Yang M, Qi M, Choi DE, Ha CS, Little JB, Yuan ZM (2014) A low-dose arsenic induced p53-mediated metabolic mechanism of radiotherapy protection. J Biol Chem 289:5340–5347

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ganapathy S, Xiao S, Seo SJ, Lall R, Yang M, Xu T, Su H, Shadfan M, Ha CS, Yuan ZM (2015) Low-dose arsenic induces chemotherapy protection via p53/NF-κB-mediated metabolic regulation. Oncogene 33(11):1359

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ganapathy S, Li P, Fagman J, Yu T, Lafontant J, Zhang G, Chen C (2016) Low doses of arsenic, via perturbing p53, promotes tumorigenesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 306:98–104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gibb H, Haver C, Gaylor D, Ramasamy S, Lee JS, Lobdell D, Wade T, Chen C, White P, Sams R (2011) Utility of recent studies to assess the National Research Council 2001 estimates of cancer risk from ingested arsenic. Environ Health Perspect 119:284–290

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glozak MA, Seto E (2007) Histone deacetylases and cancer. Oncogene 26:5420–5432

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goggin SL, Labrecque MT, Allan AM (2012) Perinatal exposure to 50 ppb sodium arsenate induces hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation in male C57BL/6 mice. Neurotoxicology 33(5):1338–1345

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Golub MS, Macintosh MS, Baumrind N (1998) Developmental and reproductive toxicity of inorganic arsenic: animal studies and human concerns. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 1(3):199–237

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gong G, O’Bryant SE (2012) Low-level arsenic exposure, AS3MT gene polymorphism and cardiovascular diseases in rural Texas counties. Environ Res 113:52–57

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gong Z, Lu X, Cullen WR, Le XC (2001) Unstable trivalent arsenic metabolites, monomethylarsonous acid and dimethylarsinous acid. J Anal At Spectrom 16:1409–1413

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gong G, Hargrave KA, Hobson V, Spallholz J, Boylan M, Lefforge D, O'Bryant SE (2011) Low-level groundwater arsenic exposure impacts cognition: a project FRONTIER study. J Environ Health 74:16–22

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gosse JA, Taylor VF, Jackson BP, Hamilton JW, Bodwell JE (2014) Monomethylated trivalent arsenic species disrupt steroid receptor interactions with their DNA response elements at non-cytotoxic cellular concentrations. J Appl Toxicol 34(5):498–505

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenblatt MS, Bennett WP, Hollstein M, Harris CC (1994) Mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene: clues to cancer etiology and molecular pathogenesis. Cancer Res 54(18):4855–4878

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gregus Z, Gyurasics A, Csanaky I (2000) Biliary and urinary excretion of inorganic arsenic: monomethylarsonous acid as a major biliary metabolite in rats. Toxicol Sci 56(1):18–25

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guha Mazumder DN, Das Gupta J, Santra A, Pal A, Ghose A, Sarkar S (1998) Chronic arsenic toxicity in West Bengal—The worst calamity in the world. J Indian Med Assoc 96:4–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta DK, Chatterjee S (2017) Arsenic contamination in the environment: the issues and Solutions. Springer International Publishing AG, Cham

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta DK, Tiwari S, Razafindrabe BHN, Chatterjee S (2017) Arsenic contamination from historical aspects to present. In: Gupta DK, Chatterjee S (eds) Arsenic contamination in the environment: the issues and solutions. Springer International Publishing AG, Cham

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hamadani JD, Tofail F, Nermell B, Gardner R, Shiraji S, Bottai M, Arifeen SE, Huda SN, Vahter M (2011) Critical windows of exposure for arsenic-associated impairment of cognitive function in pre-school girls and boys: a population-based cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 40:1593–1604

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hayakawa T, Kobayashi Y, Cui X, Hirano S (2005) A new metabolic pathway of arsenite: arsenic–glutathione complexes are substrates for human arsenic methyltransferase Cyt19. Arch Toxicol 79(4):183–191

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Henke KR (2009) Arsenic in natural environments. In: Henke K (ed) Arsenic: environmental chemistry, health threats and waste treatment. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, pp 69–235

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Huang BW, Ray PD, Iwasaki K, Tsuji Y (2013) Transcriptional regulation of the human ferritin gene by coordinated regulation of Nrf2 and protein arginine methyltransferases PRMT1 and PRMT4. FASEB J 27:3763–3774

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hubaux R, Becker Santos DD, Enfield KSS, Rowbotham D, Lam S, Lam WL, Martinez VD (2013) Molecular features in arsenic induced lung tumors. Mol Cancer 12:20

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes MF, Beck BD, Chen Y, Lewis AS, Thomas DJ (2011) Arsenic exposure and toxicology: a historical perspective. Toxicol Sci 123:305–332

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hunt KM, Srivastava RK, Elmets CA, Athar M (2014) The mechanistic basis of arsenicosis: pathogenesis of skin cancer. Cancer Lett 354(2):211–219

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Intarasunanont P, Navasumrit P, Woraprasit S, Chaisatra K, Suk WA, Mahidol C, Ruchirawat M (2012) Effects of arsenic exposure on DNA methylation in cord blood samples from newborn babies and in a human lymphoblast cell line. Environ Health 11:31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Islam R, Khan I, Hassan SN, McEvoy M, D'Este C, Attia J, Peel R, Sultana M, Akter S, Milton AH (2012) Association between type 2 diabetes and chronic arsenic exposure in drinking water: a cross sectional study in Bangladesh. Environ Health 11:38

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Islam MR, Attia J, Alauddin M, McEvoy M, McElduff P, Slater C et al (2014) Availability of arsenic in human milk in women and its correlation with arsenic in urine of breastfed children living in arsenic contaminated areas in Bangladesh. Environ Health 13:101

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Iyer S, Sengupta C, Velumani A (2016) Blood arsenic: Pan-India prevalence. Clin Chim Acta 455:99–101

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jansen RJ, Argos M, Tong L, Li J, Rakibuz-Zaman M, Islam MT, Slavkovich V, Ahmed A, Navas-Acien A, Parvez F, Chen Y (2016) Determinants and consequences of arsenic metabolism efficiency among 4,794 individuals: demographics, lifestyle, genetics, and toxicity. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 25(2):381–390

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen TJ, Novak P, Eblin KE, Gandolfi AJ, Futscher BW (2008) Epigenetic remodelling during arsenical induced malignant transformation. Carcinogenesis 29:1500–1508

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jo WJ, Ren X, Chu F, Aleshin M, Wintz H, Burlingame A, Smith MT, Vulpe CD, Zhang L (2009) Acetylated H4K16 by MYST1 protects UROtsa cells from arsenic toxicity and is decreased following chronic arsenic exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 241(3):294–302

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jomova K, Jenisova Z, Feszterova M, Baros S, Liska J, Hudecova D, Rhodes CJ, Valko M (2011) Arsenic: toxicity, oxidative stress and human disease. J Appl Toxicol 31:95–107

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jovanovic D, Rasic-Milutinovic Z, Paunovic K, Jakovljevic B, Plavsic S, Milosevic J (2013) Low levels of arsenic in drinking water and type 2 diabetes in Middle Banat region, Serbia. Int J Hyg Environ Health 216:50–55

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kastan MB, Onyekwere O, Sidransky D, Vogelstein B, Craig RW (1991) Participation of p53 protein in the cellular response to DNA damage. Cancer Res 51:6304–6311

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khairul I, Wang QQ, Jiang YH, Wang C, Naranmandura H (2017) Metabolism, toxicity and anticancer activities of arsenic compounds. Oncotarget 8(14):23905

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kile ML, Baccarelli A, Hoffman E, Tarantini L, Quamruzzaman Q, Rahman M, Mahiuddin G, Mostofa G, Hsueh YM, Wright RO, Christiani DC (2012) Prenatal arsenic exposure and DNA methylation in maternal and umbilical cord blood leukocytes. Environ Health Perspect 120:1061–1066

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim YJ, Kim JM (2015) Arsenic toxicity in male reproduction and development. Dev Rep 19:167–180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kouzarides T (2007) Snap Shot: histone-modifying enzymes. Cell 128:802

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuo CC, Moon KA, Wang SL, Silbergeld E, Navas-Acien A (2017) The association of arsenic metabolism with cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes: a systematic review of the epidemiological evidence. Environ Health Perspect 125(8):087001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee E (1999) A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for the ingestion of arsenic in humans. University of California, Irvine, CA, Ph.D. thesis

    Google Scholar 

  • Leffers L, Unterberg M, Bartel M, Hoppe C, Pieper I, Stertmann J, Ebert F, Humpf HU, Schwerdtle T (2013) In vitro toxicological characterisation of the S-containing arsenic metabolites thio-dimethylarsinic acid and dimethylarsinic glutathione. Toxicology 305:109–119

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li J, Chen P, Sinogeeva N, Gorospe M, Wersto RP, Chrest FJ, Barnes J, Liu Y (2002) Arsenic trioxide promotes histone H3 phosphoacetylation at the chromatin of CASPASE10 in acute pro myelocytic leukemia cells. J Biol Chem 277:49504–49510

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li J, Gorospe M, Barnes J, Liu Y (2003) Tumor promoter arsenite stimulates histone H3 phosphoacetylation of proto-oncogenes c-fos and c-jun chromatin in human diploid fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 278:13183–13191

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li W, Cui X, Meng Z, Huang X, Xie Q, Wu H, Jin H, Zhang D, Liang W (2012) Transcriptional regulation of Arabidopsis MIR168a and ARGONAUTE1 homeostasis in abscisic acid and abiotic stress responses. Plant Physiol 158:1279–1292

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu J, Kadiiska MB, Liu Y, Lu T, Qu W, Waalkes MP (2001a) Stress-related gene expression in mice treated with inorganic arsenicals. Toxicol Sci 61(2):314–320

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu SX, Athar M, Lippai I, Waldren C, Hei TK (2001b) Induction of oxyradicals by arsenic: implication for mechanism of genotoxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci 98(4):1643–1648

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Q, Hilsenbeck S, Gazitt Y (2003) Arsenic trioxide–induced apoptosis in myeloma cells: p53-dependent G1 or G2/M cell cycle arrest, activation of caspase-8 or caspase-9, and synergy with APO2/TRAIL. Blood 101(10):4078–4087

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Louria-Hayon I, Grossman T, Sionov RV, Alsheich O, Pandolfi PP, Haupt Y (2003) The promyelocytic leukemia protein protects p53 from Mdm2-mediated inhibition and degradation. J Biol Chem 278(35):33134–33141

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lu TH, Su CC, Chen YW, Yang CY, Wu CC, Hung DZ, Chen CH, Cheng PW, Liu SH, Huang CF (2011) Arsenic induces pancreatic β-cell apoptosis via the oxidative stress-regulated mitochondria-dependent and endoplasmic reticulum stress-triggered signaling pathways. Toxicol Lett 201(1):15–26

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Luger K, Rechsteiner TJ, Flaus AJ, Waye MM, Richmond TJ (1997) Characterization of nucleosome core particles containing histone proteins made in bacteria1. J Mol Biol 272(3):301–311

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lv L, An X, Li H, Ma L (2016) Effect of miR-155 knockdown on the reversal of doxorubicin resistance in human lung cancer A 549/dox cells. Oncol Lett 11(2):1161–1166

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marsit CJ, Karagas MR, Schned A, Kelsey KT (2006) Carcinogen exposure and epigenetic silencing in bladder cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1076:810–821

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin-Chouly C, Morzadec C, Bonvalet M, Galibert MD, Fardel O, Vernhet L (2011) Inorganic arsenic alters expression of immune and stress response genes in activated primary human T lymphocytes. Mol Immunol 48(6-7):956–965

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martinez VD, Vucic EA, Becker-Santos DD, Gil L, Lam WL (2011a) Arsenic exposure and the induction of human cancers. J Toxicol 201:431287

    Google Scholar 

  • Martinez VD, Vucic EA, Adonis M, Gil L, Lam WL (2011b) Arsenic biotransformation as a cancer promoting factor by inducing DNA damage and disruption of repair mechanisms. Mol Biol Int 2011:718974

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maull EA, Ahsan H, Edwards J, Longnecker MP, Navas-Acien A, Pi J, Silbergeld EK, Styblo M, Tseng CH, Thayer KA, Loomis D (2012) Evaluation of the association between arsenic and diabetes: a National Toxicology Program workshop review. Environ Health Perspect 120(12):1658–1670

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mc Carty KM, Hanh HT, Kim KW (2011) Arsenic geochemistry and human health in South East Asia. Rev Environ Health 26(1):71–78

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McVeigh GE, Allen PB, Morgan DR, Hanratty CG, Silke B (2001) Nitric oxide modulation of blood vessel tone identified by arterial waveform analysis. Clin Sci (Lond) 100:387–393

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Medrano MJ, Boix R, Pastor-Barriuso R, Palau M, Damián J, Ramis R, Del Barrio JL, Navas-Acien A (2010) Arsenic in public water supplies and cardiovascular mortality in Spain. Environ Res 110(5):448–454

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meharg AA, Lombi E, Williams PN, Scheckel KG, Feldmann J, Raab A, Zhu Y, Islam R (2008) Speciation and localization of arsenic in white and brown rice grains. Environ Sci Technol 42(4):1051–1057

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meng XZ, Zheng TS, Chen X, Wang JB, Zhang WH, Pan SH, Jiang HC, Liu LX (2011) microRNA expression alteration after arsenic trioxide treatment in HepG2 cells. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 26:186–193

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meno SR, Nelson R, Hintze KJ, Self WT (2009) Exposure to monomethylarsonous acid (MMAIII) leads to altered selenoprotein synthesis in a primary human lung cell model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 239(2):130–136

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer S, Matissek M, Müller SM, Taleshi MS, Ebert F, Francesconi KA, Schwerdtle T (2014) In vitro toxicological characterisation of three arsenic-containing hydrocarbons. Metallomics 6(5):1023–1033

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer S, Raber G, Ebert F, Leffers L, Mueller SM, Taleshi MS, Francesconi KA, Schwerdtle T (2015) In vitro toxicological characterisation of arsenic-containing fatty acids and three of their metabolites. Toxicol Res 4(5):1289–1296

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitra A, Chatterjee S, Gupta DK (2017a) Uptake, transport, and remediation of arsenic by algae and higher plant. In: Gupta DK, Chatterjee S (eds) Arsenic contamination in the environment: the issues and solution. Springer International Publishing AG, Cham, pp 145–169

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Mitra A, Chatterjee S, Moogouei R, Gupta DK (2017b) Arsenic accumulation in rice and probable mitigation approaches: a review. Agronomy 7:67. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy7040067

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miyashita T, Krajewski S, Krajewska M, Wang HG, Lin HK, Liebermann DA, Hoffman B, Reed JC (1994) Tumor suppressor p53 is a regulator of bcl-2 and bax gene expression in vitro and in vivo. Oncogene 6:1799–1805

    Google Scholar 

  • Muenyi CS, Ljungman M, States CJ (2015) Arsenic disruption of DNA damage responses—potential role in carcinogenesis and chemotherapy. Biomolecules 5(4):2184–2193

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee A, Sengupta MK, Hossain MA, Ahamed S, Das B, Nayak B, Lodh D, Rahman MM, Chakraborti D (2006) Arsenic contamination in groundwater: a global perspective with emphasis on the Asian scenario. J Health Popul Nutr 1:142–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Naranmandura H, Suzuki N, Suzuki KT (2006) Trivalent arsenicals are bound to proteins during reductive methylation. Chem Res Toxicol 19:1010–1018

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naranmandura H, Xu S, Sawata T, Hao WH, Liu H, Bu N, Ogra Y, Lou YJ, Suzuki N (2011a) Mitochondria are the main target organelle for trivalent monomethylarsonous acid (MMAIII)-induced cytotoxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 24(7):1094–1103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naranmandura H, Carew MW, Xu S, Lee J, Leslie EM, Weinfeld M, Le XC (2011b) Comparative toxicity of arsenic metabolites in human bladder cancer EJ-1 cells. Chem Res Toxicol 24(9):1586–1596

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naujokas MF, Anderson B, Ahsan H, Aposhian HV, Graziano JH, Thompson C, Suk WA (2013) The broad scope of health effects from chronic arsenic exposure: update on a worldwide public health problem. Environ Health Perspect 121:295–302

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • NRC (National Research Council) (2014) Critical aspects of EPA’s IRIS assessment of inorganic arsenic: interim report. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Okkenhaug G, Zhu YG, He J, Li X, Luo L, Mulder J (2012) Antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) in Sb mining impacted paddy soil from Xikuangshan, China: differences in mechanisms controlling soil sequestration and uptake in rice. Environ Sci Technol 46(6):3155–3162

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parvez F, Chen Y, Brandt-Rauf PW, Slavkovich V, Islam T, Ahmed A, Argos M, Hassan R, Yunus M, Haque SE, Balac O (2010) A prospective study of respiratory symptoms associated with chronic arsenic exposure in Bangladesh: findings from the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS). Thorax 65(6):528–533

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parvez F, Wasserman GA, Factor-Litvak P, Liu X, Slavkovich V, Siddique AB, Sultana R, Sultana R, Islam T, Levy D, Mey JL (2011) Arsenic exposure and motor function among children in Bangladesh. Environ Health Perspect 119(11):1665–1670

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paul S, Bhattacharjee P (2016) Epigenetics and arsenic toxicity. In: States JC (ed) Arsenic: exposure sources, health risks, and mechanisms of toxicity. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, pp 421–437

    Google Scholar 

  • Peters BA, Hall MN, Liu X, Slavkovich V, Ilievski V, Alam S, Siddique AB, Islam T, Graziano JH, Gamble MV (2015) Renal function is associated with indicators of arsenic methylation capacity in Bangladeshi adults. Environ Res 143:123–130

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pozo-Molina G, Ponciano-Gómez A, Rivera-González GC, Hernandez-Zavala A, Garrido E (2015) Arsenic-induced S phase cell cycle lengthening is associated with ROS generation, p53 signaling and CDC25A expression. Chem Biol Interact 238:170–179

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Punshon T, Jackson BP, Meharg AA, Warczack T, Scheckel K, Guerinot ML (2017) Understanding arsenic dynamics in agronomic systems to predict and prevent uptake by crop plants. Sci Total Environ 581:209–220

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman MA, Hasegawa H, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Miah MAM (2007) Accumulation of arsenic in tissues of rice plant (Oryza sativa L.) and its distribution in fractions of rice grain. Chemosphere 69:942–948

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman A, Vahter M, Ekstrom EC, Persson LA (2010) Arsenic exposure in pregnancy increases the risk of lower respiratory tract infection and diarrhea during infancy in Bangladesh. Environ Health Perspect 119:719–724

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramirez T, Brocher J, Stopper H, Hock R (2008) Sodium arsenite modulates histone acetylation, histone deacetylase activity and HMGN protein dynamics in human cells. Chromosoma 117:147–157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ratnaike RN (2003) Acute and chronic arsenic toxicity. Postgrad Med J 79(933):391–396

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ray PD, Yosim A, Fry RC (2014) Incorporating epigenetic data into the risk assessment process for the toxic metals arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, and mercury: strategies and challenges. Front Genet 5:201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rehman K, Naranmandura H (2012) Arsenic metabolism and thioarsenicals. Metallomics 4:881–892

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rehman K, Chen Z, Wang WW, Wang YW, Sakamoto A, Zhang YF, Naranmandura H, Suzuki N (2012) Mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of arsenic compounds on protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 263:273–280

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reichard JF, Puga A (2010) Effects of arsenic exposure on DNA methylation and epigenetic gene regulation. Epigenomics 2:87–104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ren X, McHale CM, Skibola CF, Smith AH, Smith MT, Zhang L (2011) An emerging role for epigenetic dysregulation in arsenic toxicity and carcinogenesis. Environ Health Perspect 119:11–19

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roy P, Saha A (2002) Metabolism and toxicity of arsenic: a human carcinogen. Curr Sci 10:38–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruiz-Ramos R, Lopez-Carrillo L, Rios-Perez AD, De Vizcaya-Ruiz A, Cebrian ME (2009) Sodium arsenite induces ROS generation, DNA oxidative damage, HO-1 and c-Myc proteins, NF-kappaB activation and cell proliferation in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Mutat Res 674:109–115

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sablina A, Budanov AV, Ilyinskaya GV, Larissa S, Kravchenko JE, Chumakov PM (2005) The antioxidant function of the p53 tumor suppressor. Nat Med 11:1306–1313

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saha JC, Dikshit AK, Bandyopadhyay M, Saha KC (1999) A review of arsenic poisoning and its effects on human health. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 29:281–313

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salazar AM, Ostrosky-Wegman P (2015) Genotoxicity. In: States JC (ed) Arsenic: exposure sources, health risks, and mechanisms of toxicity. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, pp 347–367

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanchez-Pena LC, Petrosyan P, Morales M, Gonzalez NB, Gutierrez-Ospina G, Del Razo LM, Gonsebatt ME (2010) Arsenic species, AS3MT amount, and AS3MT gene expression in different brain regions of mouse exposed to arsenite. Environ Res 110:428–434

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saxe JK, Bowers TS, Reid KR (2006) Arsenic. In: Morrison RD, Murphy BL (eds) Environmental forensics: contaminant specific guide. Academic Press, Burlington, pp 279–292

    Google Scholar 

  • Shen H, Xu W, Zhang J, Chen M, Martin FL, Xia Y, Liu L, Dong S, Zhu YG (2013) Urinary metabolic biomarkers link oxidative stress indicators associated with general arsenic exposure to male infertility in a Han Chinese population. Environ Sci Technol 47(15):8843–8851

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Signes-Pastor AJ, Mitra K, Sarkhel S, Hobbes M, Burló F, De Groot WT, Carbonell-Barrachina AA (2008) Arsenic speciation in food and estimation of the dietary intake of inorganic arsenic in a rural village of West Bengal, India. J Agric Food Chem 56(20):9469–9474

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh SK (2017) Conceptual framework of a cloud-based decision support system for arsenic health risk assessment. Environ Syst Decisions 37:435–450

    Google Scholar 

  • Spivey A (2011) Arsenic and infectious disease: a potential factor in morbidity among Bangladeshi children. Environ Health Perspect 119:218

    Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava RK, Li C, Chaudhary SC, Ballestas ME, Elmets CA, Robbins DJ, Matalon S, Deshane JS, Afaq F, Bickers DR, Athar M (2013) Unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling regulates arsenic trioxide-mediated macrophage innate immune function disruption. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 272(3):879–887

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steinmaus C, Moore LE, Shipp M, Kalman D, Rey OA, Biggs ML, Hopenhayn C, Bates MN, Zheng S, Wiencke JK, Smith AH (2007) Genetic polymorphisms in MTHFR 677 and 1298, GSTM1 and T1, and metabolism of arsenic. J Toxic Environ Health A 70(2):159–170

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steinmaus C, Ferreccio C, Acevedo J, Yuan Y, Liaw J, Duran V, Cuevas S, Garcia J, Meza R, Valdes R, Valdes G, Benitez H, Vander Linde V, Villagra V, Cantor KP, Moore LE, Perez SG, Steinmaus S, Smith AH (2014) Increased lung and bladder cancer incidence in adults after in utero and early-life arsenic exposure. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev 23:1529–1538

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stilwell DE, Gorny KD (1997) Contamination of soil with copper, chromium, and arsenic under decks built from pressure treated wood. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 58:22–29

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sun GX, Williams PN, Carey AM, Zhu YG, Deacon C, Raab A, Feldmann J, Islam RM, Meharg AA (2008) Inorganic arsenic in rice bran and its products are an order of magnitude higher than in bulk grain. Environ Sci Technol 42(19):7542–7546

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sunkar R, Kapoor A, Zhu JK (2006) Posttranscriptional induction of two Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase genes in Arabidopsis is mediated by downregulation of miR398 and important for oxidative stress tolerance. Plant Cell 18:2051–2065

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Syed EH, Poudel KC, Sakisaka K, Yasuoka J, Ahsan H, Jimba M (2012) Quality of life and mental health status of arsenic-affected patients in a Bangladeshi population. J Health Popul Nutr 30(3):262–269

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tabacova S, Hunter ES III, Gladen BC (1996) Developmental toxicity of inorganic arsenic in whole embryo culture: oxidation state, dose, time, and gestational age dependence. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 138(2):298–307

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi M, Barrett JC, Tsutsui T (2002) Transformation by inorganic arsenic compounds of normal Syrian hamster embryo cells into a neoplastic state in which they become anchorage-independent and cause tumors in newborn hamsters. Int J Cancer 99(5):629–634

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Talukdar D (2017) Epigenetics in arsenic toxicity: mechanistic response, alterations, and regulations. In: Gupta DK, Chatterjee S (eds) Arsenic contamination in the environment. Springer International Publishing AG, Cham, pp 67–101

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas David J (2016) The chemistry and metabolism of arsenic. In: States JC (ed) Arsenic: exposure sources, health risks, and mechanisms of toxicity. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, pp 81–109

    Google Scholar 

  • Tokar EJ, Diwan BA, Waalkes MP (2010) Arsenic exposure transforms human epithelial stem/progenitor cells into a cancer stem-like phenotype. Environ Health Perspect 118(1):108–115

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Torres-Escribano S, Leal M, Velez D, Montoro R (2008) Total and inorganic arsenic concentrations in rice sold in Spain, effect of cooking, and risk assessments. Environ Sci Technol 42:3867–3872

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsuji JS, Yost LJ, Barraj LM, Scrafford CG, Mink PJ (2007) Use of background inorganic arsenic exposures to provide perspective on risk assessment results. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 48:59–68

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • US EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency) (2014) Inorganic arsenic: toxicity and exposure assessment for children’s health. http://www.epa.gov/teach/chem_summ/Arsenic_summary.pdf

  • US FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) (2016) Arsenic in rice and rice products risk assessment report. Available at. http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodScienceResearch/RiskSafetyAssessment/default.htm

  • Vahidnia A, Van der Voet G, De Wolff F (2007) Arsenic neurotoxicity—a review. Hum Exp Toxicol 26:823–832

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vahter M (2008) Health effects of early life exposure to arsenic. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 120:204–211

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vahter ME, Li L, Nermell B, Rahman A, El Arifeen S, Rahman M et al (2006) Arsenic exposure in pregnancy: a population-based study in Matlab, Bangladesh. J Health Popul Nutr 24:236–245

    Google Scholar 

  • Valko M, Rhodes C, Moncol J, Izakovic MM, Mazur M (2006) Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer. Chem Biol Interact 160(1):1–40

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vogt BL, Rossman TG (2001) Effects of arsenite on p53, p21 and cyclin D expression in normal human fibroblasts—a possible mechanism for arsenite’s comutagenicity. Mutat Res 478(1):159–168

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walkes MP, Qu W, Tokar EJ, Kissling GE, Dixon D (2014) Lung tumors in mice induced by “whole life” inorganic arsenic exposure at human relevant doses. Arch Toxicol 88(8):1619–1629

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang TS, Hsu TY, Chung CH, Wang AS, Bau DT, Jan KY (2001) Arsenite induces oxidative DNA adducts and DNA-protein cross-links in mammalian cells. Free Radic Biol Med 31(3):321–330

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Z, Zhao Y, Smith E, Goodall GJ, Drew PA, Brabletz T, Yang C (2011) Reversal and prevention of arsenic induced human bronchial epithelial cell malignant transformation by microRNA200b. Toxicol Sci 121:110–122

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang WL, Xu SY, Ren ZG, Tao L, Jiang JW, Zheng SS (2015) Application of metagenomics in the human gut microbiome. World J Gastroenterol 21:803–814

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe T, Hirano S (2013) Metabolism of arsenic and its toxicological relevance. Arch Toxicol 87(6):969–979

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • WHO (2001) Arsenic and arsenic compounds. World Health Organization, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO-IARC (2011) Arsenic in drinking water

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams PN, Villada A, Deacon C, Raab A, Figuerola J, Green AJ, Feldmann J, Meharg AA (2007) Greatly enhanced arsenic shoot assimilation in rice leads to elevated grain levels compared to wheat and barley. Environ Sci Technol 41(19):6854–6859

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wiwanitkit V (2015) Contamination of arsenic species in rice and the calculation for risk of cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 11:1044

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yih LH, Lee TC (2000) Arsenite induces p53 accumulation through an ATM-dependent pathway in human fibroblasts. Cancer Res 60(22):6346–6352

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yong Villalobos L, GonzálezMorales SI, Wrobel K, Gutiérrez Alanis D, Cervantes Peréz SA, Hayano Kanashiro C, OropezaAburto A, CruzRamírez A, Martínez O, Herrera Estrella L (2015) Methylome analysis reveals an important role for epigenetic changes in the regulation of the Arabidopsis response to phosphate starvation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112:E7293–E7302

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yorifuji T, Tsuda T, Doi H, Grandjean P (2011) Cancer excess after arsenic exposure from contaminated milk powder. Environ Health Prev Med 16(3):164–170

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan Y, Marshall G, Ferreccio C, Steinmaus C, Liaw J, Bates M, Smith AH (2010) Kidney cancer mortality: fifty-year latency patterns related to arsenic exposure. Epidemiology 21:103–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang AH, Bin HH, Pan XL, Xi XG (2007) Analysis of p16 gene mutation, deletion and methylation in patients with arseniasis produced by indoor unventilated stove coal usage in Guizhou, China. J Toxicol Environ Health A 70:970–975

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Y, Ying J, Chen J, Hu C (2012) Assessing the genotoxic potentials of roxarsone in V79 cells using the alkaline Comet assay and micronucleus test. Mutat Res 741:65–69

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang W, Chen L, Zhou Y, Wu Y, Zhang L (2016) Biotransformation of inorganic arsenic in a marine herbivorous fish Siganus fuscescens after dietborne exposure. Chemosphere 147:297–304

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng L, Kuo CC, Fadrowski J, Agnew J, Weaver VM, Navas-Acien A (2014) Arsenic and chronic kidney disease: a systematic review. Curr Environ Health Rep 1(3):192–207

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou Q, Xi S (2018) A review on arsenic carcinogenesis: epidemiology, metabolism, genotoxicity and epigenetic changes. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 99:78–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou X, Li Q, Arita A, Sun H, Costa M (2009) Effects of nickel, chromate, and arsenite on histone 3 lysine methylation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 236:78–84

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou LG, Liu YH, Liu ZC, Kong DY, Duan M, Luo LJ (2010) Genome wide identification and analysis of drought responsive microRNAs in Oryza sativa. J Exp Bot 61:4157–4168

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ziech D, Franco R, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI (2011) Reactive oxygen species (ROS)–induced genetic and epigenetic alterations in human carcinogenesis. Mutat Res 711:167–173

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

A.M. is thankful to Principal, BCC, W.B; and S.C. is thankful to Director, DRL (DRDO), Assam, India. The authors apologize for the many colleagues who are not referenced in this work due to space limitations.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, Bankura Christian College, Bankura, West Bengal, India

    Anindita Mitra

  2. Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Tezpur, Assam, India

    Soumya Chatterjee

  3. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Radioökologie und Strahlenschutz (IRS), Hannover, Germany

    Dharmendra K. Gupta

Authors
  1. Anindita Mitra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Soumya Chatterjee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Dharmendra K. Gupta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Agriculture & Human Sciences, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, USA

    Ali Fares

  2. Department of Health, Insurance and Life Sciences, Data & Analytics Practice Virtusa Corporation, New York City, NY, USA

    Sushant K. Singh

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Mitra, A., Chatterjee, S., Gupta, D.K. (2020). Environmental Arsenic Exposure and Human Health Risk. In: Fares, A., Singh, S. (eds) Arsenic Water Resources Contamination. Advances in Water Security. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21258-2_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation