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Nutrition and Cancer

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Nutrition and Immunity

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Abstract

The aim of this chapter is to provide a general overview of the effects of nutrition on cancer-promoting mechanisms and its contribution to cancer therapeutic regimens, as well as its supportive role in cancer survivors. The association of nutrition and cancer is very intricate as some foods have the potential to induce mutagenic changes but others show anticancer properties. Cancer-protective foods such as whole grains, fruits, non-starchy vegetables, fish, and dairy products contain nutrients and non-nutrient bioactive components that are involved in the mechanisms for enhancing immunologic function, inducing apoptosis, enhancing antiproliferative function, donating electron to free radicals, activating carcinogen-metabolizer enzymes, as well as synthesizing retinoic acid. On the other hand, there are types of foods with cancer-developing effects like red meat, processed and fast foods, alcohol, as well as sugar-sweetened beverages. They exert carcinogenic effects mostly by causing obesity and overweight, unbalanced hormones, inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation. Cancer-preventing recommendations include keeping a healthy weight, having a physically active life, and following a diet rich in foods of plant sources and limited in red meat, fast foods, alcohol, and sugar-sweetened drinks. In spite of developments in the area of nutrition, immunity, and cancer, comprehensive studies are needed to detect the association between nutrients and immunological pathways contributed to cancer development especially according to ethnic, age, sex, and specific cancer exposures such as smoking, UV light radiation, and infections.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Laleh Sharifi

  2. Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran

    Laleh Sharifi

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  1. Department Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Dietitians and Nutrition Experts Team (DiNET), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran

    Maryam Mahmoudi

  2. Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran

    Nima Rezaei

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Sharifi, L. (2019). Nutrition and Cancer. In: Mahmoudi, M., Rezaei, N. (eds) Nutrition and Immunity. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16073-9_13

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