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Power Grid Frequency Estimation Based on Zero Crossing Technique Using Least Squares Method to Approximate Sampled Voltage Signal Around Zero Level

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Methods and Techniques of Signal Processing in Physical Measurements (MSM 2018)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering ((LNEE,volume 548))

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Abstract

The article presents the application of the least squares method to the estimation of voltage transition points through the zero level in order to determine the frequency of the power grid system. A linear approximation of the quantized voltage signal samples near zero has been applied, which ensures effective noise suppression and reduces measurement errors. An even sampling of the sinusoidal voltage disturbed by noise was assumed, and on this basis the corresponding mathematical relations were derived. The presented algorithm for processing signal samples is computationally simple and can be easily implemented in a microprocessor system. The dependence of the accuracy of the signal frequency measurement on: SNR signal ratio, ADC converter resolution, signal sampling rate and the number of samples used for approximation were investigated. The simulation tests of the presented method were carried out and the results were presented, which enable proper design of the measurement system (ADC converter resolution, sampling rate, number of points to approximate) depending on the expected signal SNR ratio and the expected accuracy of measurements. In order to verify the presented method in practice, a measuring system was implemented using the National Instruments NI USB 6009 Data Acquisition Card and a personal computer. The measurement algorithm was implemented in the LabVIEW environment. The structure of the program was presented and the method of implementation of the most important parts of the algorithm was discussed, as well as examples of measurement results. The developed method can be used to build an independent measuring instrument or it can be an element of a larger measuring system.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka Str. 38A, 20-618, Lublin, Poland

    Eligiusz Pawłowski

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  1. Eligiusz Pawłowski
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Correspondence to Eligiusz Pawłowski .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rzeszów University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland

    Robert Hanus

  2. Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rzeszów University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland

    Damian Mazur

  3. Faculty of Electrical Engineering,Electrical Machines and Drive Systems, Helmut Schmidt University ,University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg,, Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

    Christian Kreischer

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Pawłowski, E. (2019). Power Grid Frequency Estimation Based on Zero Crossing Technique Using Least Squares Method to Approximate Sampled Voltage Signal Around Zero Level. In: Hanus, R., Mazur, D., Kreischer, C. (eds) Methods and Techniques of Signal Processing in Physical Measurements. MSM 2018. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 548. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11187-8_21

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11187-8_21

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-11186-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-11187-8

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