Abstract
At the core of distributed computing there is the necessity to coordinate a group of entities in face of the uncertainty present in the environment. Classically, such uncertainty was mainly the one introduced by the loss or the delay of messages (asynchrony and failures).
In this chapter we focus on the uncertainty introduced by the dynamism of the communication topology. We use the paradigm of mobile agents. In such paradigm the computational entities are intelligent messages circulating on top of a dynamic graph. We consider the problems of Exploration, Gathering and Deployment. We survey the most recent results in this interesting and relatively new field.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
The footprint of the graph is not necessarily a ring.
References
Aaron, E., Krizanc, D., Meyerson, E.: DMVP: foremost waypoint coverage of time-varying graphs. In: Kratsch, D., Todinca, I. (eds.) WG 2014. LNCS, vol. 8747, pp. 29–41. Springer, Cham (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12340-0_3
Aaron, E., Krizanc, D., Meyerson, E.: Multi-robot foremost coverage of time-varying graphs. In: Gao, J., Efrat, A., Fekete, S.P., Zhang, Y. (eds.) ALGOSENSORS 2014. LNCS, vol. 8847, pp. 22–38. Springer, Heidelberg (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46018-4_2
Agarwalla, A., Augustine, J., Moses, W., Madhav, S., Sridhar, A.K.: Deterministic dispersion of mobile robots in dynamic rings. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking (ICDCN), pp. 19:1–19:4 (2018)
Aguilera, M.K.: A pleasant stroll through the land of infinitely many creatures. SIGACT News 35(2), 36–59 (2004)
Albers, S., Henzinger, M.: Exploring unknown environments. SIAM J. Comput. 29(4), 1164–1188 (2000)
Augustine, J., Pandurangan, G., Robinson, P.: Fast byzantine agreement in dynamic networks. In: Proceedings of the 32th Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC), pp. 74–83 (2013)
Avin, C., Koucký, M., Lotker, Z.: Cover time and mixing time of random walks on dynamic graphs. Random Struct. Algorithms 52(4), 576–596 (2018)
Baldoni, R., Bonomi, S., Raynal, M.: Regular register: an implementation in a churn prone environment. In: Kutten, S., Žerovnik, J. (eds.) SIROCCO 2009. LNCS, vol. 5869, pp. 15–29. Springer, Heidelberg (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11476-2_3
Baldoni, R., Platania, M., Querzoni, L., Scipioni, S.: Practical uniform peer sampling under churn. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Computing (IPDC), pp. 93–100 (2010)
Baldoni, R., Querzoni, L., Virgillito, A., Jiménez-Peris, R., Patiño-Martínez, M.: Dynamic quorums for DHT-based P2P networks. In: Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications (NCA), pp. 91–100 (2005)
Barrière, L., Flocchini, P., Fraigniaud, P., Santoro, N.: Rendezvous and election of mobile agents: impact of sense of direction. Theory Comput. Syst. 44(3), 143–162 (2007)
Baumann, H., Crescenzi, P., Fraigniaud, P.: Parsimonious flooding in dynamic graphs. Distrib. Comput. 24(1), 31–44 (2011)
Biely, M., Robinson, P., Schmid, U.: Agreement in directed dynamic networks. In: Even, G., Halldórsson, M.M. (eds.) SIROCCO 2012. LNCS, vol. 7355, pp. 73–84. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31104-8_7
Bournat, M., Datta, A.K., Dubois, S.: Self-stabilizing robots in highly dynamic environments. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Symposium on Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems (SSS), pp. 54–69 (2016)
Bournat, M., Dubois, S., Petit, F.: Computability of perpetual exploration in highly dynamic rings. In: Proceedings of the 37th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), pp. 794–804 (2017)
Bui-Xuan, B., Ferreira, A., Jarry, A.: Computing shortest, fastest, and foremost journeys in dynamic networks. Int. J. Found. Comput. Sci. 14(2), 267–285 (2003)
Casteigts, A., Flocchini, P., Mans, B., Santoro, N.: Shortest, fastest, and foremost broadcast in dynamic networks. Int. J. Found. Comput. Sci. 25(4), 499–522 (2015)
Casteigts, A., Flocchini, P., Quattrociocchi, W., Santoro, N.: Time-varying graphs and dynamic networks. Int. J. Parallel Emergent Distrib. Syst. 27(5), 387–408 (2012)
Clementi, A., Monti, A., Pasquale, F., Silvestri, R.: Information spreading in stationary markovian evolving graphs. IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. 22(9), 1425–1432 (2011)
De Marco, G., Gargano, L., Kranakis, E., Krizanc, D., Pelc, A., Vaccaro, U.: Asynchronous deterministic rendezvous in graphs. Theor. Comput. Sci. 355, 315–326 (2006)
Deng, X., Papadimitriou, C.H.: Exploring an unknown graph. J. Graph Theory 32(3), 265–297 (1999)
Di Luna, G.A., Baldoni, R.: Brief announcement: investigating the cost of anonymity on dynamic networks. In: Proceedings of the 34th Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC), pp. 339–341 (2015)
Di Luna, G.A., Baldoni, R., Bonomi, S., Chatzigiannakis, I.: Counting in anonymous dynamic networks under worst-case adversary. In: Proceedings of the IEEE 34th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), pp. 338–347 (2014)
Di Luna, G.A., Dobrev, S., Flocchini, P., Santoro, N.: Live exploration of dynamic rings. In: Proceedings of the 36th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), pp. 570–579 (2016)
Di Luna, G.A., Flocchini, P., Pagli, L., Prencipe, G., Santoro, N., Viglietta, G.: Gathering in dynamic rings. In: Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium Structural Information and Communication Complexity (SIROCCO), pp. 339–355 (2017)
Dieudonn, Y., Pelc, A.: Deterministic network exploration by anonymous silent agents with local traffic reports. ACM Trans. Algorithms 11(2) (2014). Article No. 10
Dobrev, S., Flocchini, P., Prencipe, G., Santoro, N.: Multiple agents rendezvous in a ring in spite of a black hole. In: Papatriantafilou, M., Hunel, P. (eds.) OPODIS 2003. LNCS, vol. 3144, pp. 34–46. Springer, Heidelberg (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-27860-3_6
Elor, Y., Bruckstein, A.M.: Uniform multi-agent deployment on a ring. Theor. Comput. Sci. 412(8), 783–795 (2011)
Erlebach, T., Hoffmann, M., Kammer, F.: On temporal graph exploration. In: Halldórsson, M.M., Iwama, K., Kobayashi, N., Speckmann, B. (eds.) ICALP 2015. LNCS, vol. 9134, pp. 444–455. Springer, Heidelberg (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47672-7_36
Flocchini, P., Kellett, M., Mason, P.C., Santoro, N.: Searching for black holes in subways. Theory Comput. Syst. 50(1), 158–184 (2012)
Flocchini, P., Kranakis, E., Krizanc, D., Santoro, N., Sawchuk, C.: Multiple mobile agent rendezvous in a ring. In: Farach-Colton, M. (ed.) LATIN 2004. LNCS, vol. 2976, pp. 599–608. Springer, Heidelberg (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24698-5_62
Flocchini, P., Mans, B., Santoro, N.: On the exploration of time-varying networks. Theor. Comput. Sci. 469, 53–68 (2013)
Fraigniaud, P., Ilcinkas, D., Peer, G., Pelc, A., Peleg, D.: Graph exploration by a finite automaton. Theor. Comput. Sci. 345(2–3), 331–344 (2005)
Harary, F., Gupta, G.: Dynamic graph models. Math. Comput. Model. 25(7), 79–88 (1997)
Ilcinkas, D., Klasing, R., Wade, A.M.: Exploration of constantly connected dynamic graphs based on cactuses. In: Halldórsson, M.M. (ed.) SIROCCO 2014. LNCS, vol. 8576, pp. 250–262. Springer, Cham (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09620-9_20
Ilcinkas, D., Wade, A.M.: On the power of waiting when exploring public transportation systems. In: Fernàndez Anta, A., Lipari, G., Roy, M. (eds.) OPODIS 2011. LNCS, vol. 7109, pp. 451–464. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25873-2_31
Ilcinkas, D., Wade, A.M.: Exploration of the T-interval-connected dynamic graphs: the case of the ring. Theory Comput. Syst. 62(5), 1144–1160 (2018)
Klasing, R., Markou, E., Pelc, A.: Gathering asynchronous oblivious mobile robots in a ring. Theor. Comput. Sci. 390(1), 27–39 (2008)
Kowalski, D., Mosteiro, M.: Polynomial counting in anonymous dynamic networks with applications to anonymous dynamic algebraic computations. In: Proceedings of the 45th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP), pp. 156:1–156:14 (2018)
Kranakis, E., Krizanc, D., Markou, E.: Mobile agent rendezvous in a synchronous torus. In: Correa, J.R., Hevia, A., Kiwi, M. (eds.) LATIN 2006. LNCS, vol. 3887, pp. 653–664. Springer, Heidelberg (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/11682462_60
Kranakis, E., Krizanc, D., Markou, E.: The Mobile Agent Rendezvous Problem in the Ring. Morgan & Claypool, San Rafael (2010)
Kranakis, E., Krizanc, D., Santoro, N., Sawchuk, C.: Mobile agent rendezvous problem in the ring. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), pp. 592–599 (2003)
Kuhn, F., Lynch, N., Oshman, R.: Distributed computation in dynamic networks. In: Proceedings of the 42nd Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC), pp. 513–522 (2010)
Kuhn, F., Moses, Y., Oshman, R.: Coordinated consensus in dynamic networks. In: Proceedings of the 30th Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC), pp. 1–10 (2011)
Merritt, M., Taubenfeld, G.: Computing with infinitely many processes. Inf. Comput. 233, 12–31 (2013)
Michail, O.: An introduction to temporal graphs: An algorithmic perspective. Internet Math. 12(4), 239–280 (2016)
Michail, O., Spirakis, P.G.: Traveling salesman problems in temporal graphs. Theor. Comput. Sci. 634, 1–23 (2016)
O’Dell, R., Wattenhofer, R.: Information dissemination in highly dynamic graphs. In: Proceedings of the Joint Workshop on Foundations of Mobile Computing (DIALM-POMC), pp. 104–110 (2005)
Panaite, P., Pelc, A.: Exploring unknown undirected graphs. J. Algorithms 33, 281–295 (1999)
Proskurnikov, A.V., Parsegov, S.E.: Problem of uniform deployment on a line segment for second-order agents. Autom. Remote Control 77(7), 1248–1258 (2016)
Santoro, N.: Time to change: on distributed computing in dynamic networks. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Principles of Distributed Systems (OPODIS), pp. 1–14 (2015)
Shibata, M., Kakugawa, H., Masuzawa, T.: Brief announcement: space-efficient uniform deployment of mobile agents in asynchronous unidirectional rings. In: Spirakis, P., Tsigas, P. (eds.) SSS 2017. LNCS, vol. 10616, pp. 489–493. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69084-1_37
Shibata, M., Mega, T., Ooshita, F., Kakugawa, H., Masuzawa, T.: Uniform deployment of mobile agents in asynchronous rings. In: Proceedings of the 35th ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC), pp. 415–424 (2016)
Stutzbach, D., Rejaie, R.: Understanding churn in peer-to-peer networks. In: Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGCOMM Conference on Internet Measurement (IMC), pp. 189–202 (2006)
Ta-Shma, A., Zwick, U.: Deterministic rendezvous, treasure hunts, and strongly universal exploration sequences. ACM Trans. Algorithms 10(3), 12:1–12:15 (2014)
Acknowledgment
The author thanks Giuseppe Prencipe and the anonymous reviewer for their invaluable feedbacks.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Di Luna, G.A. (2019). Mobile Agents on Dynamic Graphs. In: Flocchini, P., Prencipe, G., Santoro, N. (eds) Distributed Computing by Mobile Entities. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11340. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11072-7_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11072-7_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-11071-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-11072-7
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)