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Effect of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials on Rhizosphere and Plant Functioning

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Nanomaterials and Plant Potential

Abstract

Carbon and carbon-based nanomaterials are getting much attention due to their diverse applications. In plant system, they penetrate into roots and move further to shoot. Their entrance in plant system depends on their size, concentration, solubility, plant species, and properties of growth medium (soil, etc.). Penetration of carbon nanotubes into the plant system triggers changes in metabolic functions of the plant leading to increase in its biomass, fruit production, and/or grain yield. In several cases, carbon-based nanomaterials have increased the rate of seed germination and plant growth. Studies have also shown that carbon nanotubes have stimulated plant photosynthetic efficiency, gene and protein expression as well as production of a variety of metabolites including compounds of medicinal importance. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene-based nanomaterials have shown promotive effect under stress condition, e.g., they mitigated the negative impacts of salinity and drought on various plant species. Multi-walled carbon nanotube-encapsulated fungicides were also been used as antifungal agents. Carbon-based nanomaterials also influence soil microorganisms, which has a direct bearing on the interaction between rhizosphere and root system. Both beneficial and adverse effects of these nanomaterials on soil microbial communities are on record. The objective of this chapter is to assess the influence of carbon-based nanomaterials on rhizospheric microbial community, plant growth and development, and plant protection from various diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Rural Transformation, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

    Javed Ahmad Wagay

  2. Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan, Ethiopia

    Sanjay Singh

  3. Department of Microbiology, College of Agriculture and Rural Transformation, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

    Mohammed Raffi

  4. Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

    Qazi Inamur Rahman

  5. Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

    Azamal Husen

Authors
  1. Javed Ahmad Wagay
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  2. Sanjay Singh
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  3. Mohammed Raffi
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  4. Qazi Inamur Rahman
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  5. Azamal Husen
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

    Azamal Husen

  2. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), New Delhi, India

    Muhammad Iqbal

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Wagay, J.A., Singh, S., Raffi, M., Rahman, Q.I., Husen, A. (2019). Effect of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials on Rhizosphere and Plant Functioning. In: Husen, A., Iqbal, M. (eds) Nanomaterials and Plant Potential. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05569-1_22

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