Skip to main content

An Architecture for Establishing Legal Semantic Workflows in the Context of Integrated Law Enforcement

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
AI Approaches to the Complexity of Legal Systems (AICOL 2015, AICOL 2016, AICOL 2016, AICOL 2017, AICOL 2017)

Abstract

Traditionally the integration of data from multiple sources is done on an ad-hoc basis for each analysis scenario and application. This is a solution that is inflexible, incurs high costs, leads to “silos” that prevent sharing data across different agencies or tasks, and is unable to cope with the modern environment, where workflows, tasks, and priorities frequently change. Operating within the Data to Decision Cooperative Research Centre (D2D CRC), the authors are currently involved in the Integrated Law Enforcement Project, which has the goal of developing a federated data platform that will enable the execution of integrated analytics on data accessed from different external and internal sources, thereby providing effective support to an investigator or analyst working to evaluate evidence and manage lines of inquiries in the investigation. Technical solutions should also operate ethically, in compliance with the law and subject to good governance principles.

A previous version of this paper was presented at the Third Workshop on Legal Knowledge and the Semantic Web (LK&SW-2016), EKAW-2016, November 19th, Bologna, Italy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    http://www.d2dcrc.com.au/.

  2. 2.

    National Information Standard Model, https://www.niem.gov/.

  3. 3.

    https://www.w3.org/Metadata/.

  4. 4.

    Gartner Data & Analytics Summit 2017. 20–21 February/Hilton Sydney.

  5. 5.

    SAS Institute (Suite of Analytics Software), esp. Best Practices in Enterprise Data Governance, https://www.sas.com.

  6. 6.

    https://www.niem.gov/.

  7. 7.

    George v Rockett (1990) 170 CLR 104 at pp. 110–111.

  8. 8.

    S 3E(1) of the Crimes Act 1914.

  9. 9.

    S 3E(5)(a) of the Crimes Act 1914.

  10. 10.

    S 3E(5)(b) of the Crimes Act 1914.

  11. 11.

    S 3E(5)(c) of the Crimes Act 1914.

  12. 12.

    http://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/regtech.asp.

References

  1. Edwards, M., Rashid, A., Rayson, P.: A systematic survey of online data mining technology intended for law enforcement. ACM Comput. Surv. (CSUR) 48(1), 15 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Pagallo, U.: Good onlife governance: on law, spontaneous orders, and design. In: Floridi, L. (ed.) The Onlife Manifesto. Being Human in a Hyperconnected Era, pp. 161–177. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04093-6_18

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Casanovas, P.: Cyber warfare and organised crime. A regulatory model and meta-model for open source intelligence (OSINT). In: Taddeo, M., Glorioso, L. (eds.) Ethics and Policies for Cyber Operations. PSS, vol. 124, pp. 139–167. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45300-2_9

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Alexe, B., ten Cate, B., Kolaitis, P.G., Tan, W.C.: Designing and refining schema mappings via data examples. In: Proceedings ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 133–144 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Rodríguez-Doncel, V., Santos, C., Casanovas, P., et al.: Legal aspects of linked data – The European framework. Comput. Law Secur. Rev. (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2016.07.005

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Bellahsene, Z., Bonifati, A., Rahm, E.: Schema Matching and Mapping. Data-Centric Systems and Applications. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16518-4. ISBN 978-3-642-16517-7

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Rodriguez-Doncel, V., Gómez-Pérez, A., Mihindukulasooriya, N.: Rights declaration in linked data. In: Hartig, O., et al. (eds.) COLD. CEUR, vol. 1034 (2013). http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1034/RodriguezDoncelEtAl_COLD2013.pdf

  8. Governatori, G., Rotolo, A., Villata, S., Gandon, F.: One license to compose them all. In: Alani, H., et al. (eds.) ISWC 2013. LNCS, vol. 8218, pp. 151–166. Springer, Heidelberg (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41335-3_10

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Cardellino, C., et al.: Licentia: a tool for supporting users in data licensing on the web of data. In: Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Posters & Demonstrations Track, vol. 1272. CEUR-WS.org (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Rodríguez-Doncel, V., Santos, C., Casanovas, P., et al.: A linked term bank of copyright-related terms. In: Rotolo, A. (ed.) Legal Knowledge and Information Systems, pp. 91–99. IOS Press, Amsterdam (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Knoblock, C.A., Szekely, P.A.: Exploiting semantics for big data integration. AI Mag. 36(1), 25–38 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Xiaofei, X., Sheng, Q.Z., Zhang, L.-J., Fan, Y., Dustdar, S.: From big data to big service. IEEE Comput. 48(7), 80–83 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Casanovas, P., Palmirani, M., Peroni, S., van Engers, T., Vitali, F.: Special issue on the semantic web for the legal domain, guest editors editorial: the next step. Semant. Web J. 7(2), 1–13 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Boella, G., Humphreys, L., Muthuri, R., van der Torre, L., Rossi, P.: A critical analysis of legal requirements engineering from the perspective of legal practice. In: Seventh IEEE Workshop on Requirements Engineering and Law, pp. 14–21. IEEE RELAW (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Koops, B.J., Leenes, R.: Privacy regulation cannot be hardcoded. A critical comment on the ‘privacy by design’ provision in data-protection law. Int. Rev. Law Comput. Technol. 28(2), 159–171 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Casanovas, P., Arraiza, J., Melero, F., González-Conejero, J., Molcho, G., Cuadros, M.: Fighting organized crime through open source intelligence: regulatory strategies of the CAPER Project. In: Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference on Legal Knowledge and Information Systems, JURIX-2014, pp. 189–199. IOS Press, Amsterdam (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Colesky, M., Hoepman, J.H., Hillen, C.: A critical analysis of privacy design strategies. In: IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops, pp. 33–40 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1109/spw.2016.23

  18. Maurushat, A., Bennet-Moses, L., Vaile, D.: Using ‘big’ metadata for criminal intelligence: understanding limitations and appropriate safeguards. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law, pp. 196–200. ACM (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Selway, M., Grossmann, G., Mayer, W., Stumptner, M.: Formalising natural language specifications using a cognitive linguistic/configuration based approach. Inf. Syst. 54, 191–208 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Bennet Moses, L., Chan, J., De Koker, L., et al.: Big Data Technology and National Security - Comparative International Perspectives on Strategy, Policy and Law Australia. Data to Decisions CRC (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Parliamentary Joint Committee on Law Enforcement. In: Inquiry into the Gathering and Use of Criminal Intelligence (2013). http://www.aph.gov.au/~/media/wopapub/senate/committee/le_ctte/completed_inquiries/2010-13/criminal_intelligence/report/report.ashx

  22. Pagallo, U.: Online security and the protection of civil rights: a legal overview. Philos. Technol. 26, 381–395 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Grossmann, G., et al.: Integrated Law Enforcement Platform Federated Data Model. Technical report, Data to Decisions CRC (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Lebo, T., et al.: Prov-o: The PROV Ontology. W3C Recommendation (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Kolovos, D.S., Paige, R.F., Polack, F.A.C.: The epsilon transformation language. In: Vallecillo, A., Gray, J., Pierantonio, A. (eds.) ICMT 2008. LNCS, vol. 5063, pp. 46–60. Springer, Heidelberg (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69927-9_4

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  26. Del Corro, L., Gemulla, R.: Clausie: clause-based open information extraction. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on World Wide Web. ACM (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Mondorf, A., Wimmer, M.A.: Requirements for an architecture framework for pan-european e-government services. In: Scholl, H.J., et al. (eds.) EGOVIS 2016. LNCS, vol. 9820, pp. 135–150. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44421-5_11

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  28. Open Group Standard TOGAF Version 9.1 Document Number: G116. ISBN 9789087536794

    Google Scholar 

  29. Watts, D., Bainbridge, B., de Koker, L., Casanovas, P., Smythe, S.: Project B.3. In: A Governance Framework for the National Criminal Intelligence System (NCIS), Data to Decisions Cooperative Research Centre, La Trobe University, 30 June 2017

    Google Scholar 

  30. Bennet-Moses, L., de Koker, L.: Open secrets: balancing operational secrecy and transparency in the collection and use of data for national security and law enforcement agencies. Melb. Univ. Law Rev. 41(2) (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Bainbridge, B., de Koker, L., Watts, D., Mendelson, D., Casanovas, P.: Identity Assurance, ‘Pattern of Life’ and Big Data Analytics Report. Project B.1: Identity Assurance, Law and Policy Program. Data to Decisions Cooperative Research Centre, La Trobe University, May 2017

    Google Scholar 

  32. Mayer, W., Stumpfner, M., Casanovas, P., de Koker, L.: Towards a linked information architecture for integrated law enforcement. In: Poblet, M., Plaza, E., Casanovas, P. (eds.), Linked Democracy: Artificial Intelligence for Democratic Innovation, IJCAI-2017 Workshop, August, Melbourne, CEUR, pp. 15–37 (2017). http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1897/

  33. Berson, A., Dubov, L.: Master Data Management and Data Governance, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill Education, New York (2010)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Markus Stumptner .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Stumptner, M. et al. (2018). An Architecture for Establishing Legal Semantic Workflows in the Context of Integrated Law Enforcement. In: Pagallo, U., Palmirani, M., Casanovas, P., Sartor, G., Villata, S. (eds) AI Approaches to the Complexity of Legal Systems. AICOL AICOL AICOL AICOL AICOL 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10791. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00178-0_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00178-0_8

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-00177-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-00178-0

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics