Abstract
Vascular parkinsonism (VP), originally known as arteriosclerotic parkinsonism, is a heterogeneous but clinically recognizable entity which is comprised of predominantly “lower body parkinsonism,” postural instability, and falls. In comparison with Parkinson’s disease (PD), patients with VP tend to be older, have a shorter duration of illness, may have a stepwise decline, present with symmetrical gait difficulties, are less responsive to levodopa, and are more prone to postural instability, falls, and dementia. Pyramidal signs, pseudobulbar palsy, and incontinence are commonly present. While no specific abnormal structural imaging pattern is suggestive of VP, brain CT and MRI often demonstrate evidence of vascular impairment with frequent involvement of more than one vascular territory and abnormalities in periventricular and subcortical white matter and basal ganglia.
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References
Winnikates J, Jankovic J. Clinical correlates of vascular parkinsonism. Arch Neurol. 1999; 56:98–102.
Zijlmans JCM, Daniel SE, Hughes AJ, et al. Clinicopathological investigation of vascular parkinsonism, including clinical criteria for diagnosis. Mov Disord. 2004;19:630–40.
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Motor examination reveals relatively mild parkinsonism in upper extremities. Voice is hypophonic and monotonic. Signs of parkinsonism predominantly affect the lower extremities with short stride length, shuffling gait, and occasional freezing of gait. Freezing of gait could be overcome by stepping over obstacles. Pull testing is positive.
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Bhidayasiri, R., Tarsy, D. (2012). Vascular Parkinsonism. In: Movement Disorders: A Video Atlas. Current Clinical Neurology. Humana, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-426-5_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-426-5_18
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Publisher Name: Humana, Totowa, NJ
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Online ISBN: 978-1-60327-426-5
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