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The 2012–2013 Generational Power Transfer and Its Perspectives: The Rule of Law or Democracy?

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China’s Road Ahead

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Political Science ((BRIEFSPOLITICAL))

Abstract

One of the great questions of whether democracy in China is imminent or, on the contrary, not realistic in this century, is taking grip on the international community of civil society members, experts, and analysts—particularly in times, when open societies around the globe are in crisis. What do we have to expect from China’s new leaders in a “moderate realistic” view? Can they give new impulses to the global community by reforming their own country? And what exactly can “reform” be? Is it democracy, liberalization, or the rule of law?

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Notes

  1. 1.

    A. Jacobs: In China, Gu Kailai’s Reprieve Reinforces Cynicism. In: The New York Times, August 20, 2012.

  2. 2.

    Ibid.

  3. 3.

    C. Guangcheng: How China Flouts Its Laws. In: The New York Times, May 29, 2012.

  4. 4.

    Xinhua News Agency: Mother of underage rape victim released from Chinese labor camp. English News CN, August 10, 2012, http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2012-08/10/c_131775435.htm

  5. 5.

    The Economist: Demanding Justice. In: The Economist, September 1, 2012.

  6. 6.

    China State Council Information Office: White Paper on China’s Efforts and Achievements in Promoting the Rule of Law. Published in: China.org.cn: White paper published on China’s rule of law. In: China.org.cn, http://www.china.org.cn/government/news/2008-02/28/content_11025486.htm, February 28, 2008.

  7. 7.

    Ibid.

  8. 8.

    Ibid.

  9. 9.

    F. Godement: Control at the Grassroots: China’s New Toolbox, loc. cit.

  10. 10.

    Godement, loc cit.

  11. 11.

    Godement, loc cit.

  12. 12.

    Ibid.

  13. 13.

    The Economist: Policing the Party. In: The Economist, September 1, 2012.

  14. 14.

    B. Mazlish: Parts and wholes. The seven-dimensional approach of Roland Benedikter to the analysis of globalization—and its predecessors in the history of the interdisciplinary Social Sciences. An affirmative reading. In: Transcience. The Journal of Global Studies of Humboldt University Berlin, Volume 4, Issue 1, Berlin 2013, http://www.transcience-journal.org/

  15. 15.

    B. Mazlish, loc cit.

  16. 16.

    H. Kissinger: On China. Penguin Press, New York 2011.

  17. 17.

    R. Forohaar, loc cit.: Cleaning up China. In: Time, June 24, 2013, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2145500,00.html

  18. 18.

    S. Zizek: A Plea for Intolerance, Vienna 1999.

  19. 19.

    R. Forohaar, loc cit.

  20. 20.

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  21. 21.

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  22. 22.

    J. P. Horsely, loc cit.

  23. 23.

    H. Winckler: The controversy over secret detention. In: European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) London, Berlin, Paris and Bruxelles Policy Report Publication Series: China Analysis, edited by The Asia Centre/ centreasia.eu Paris, June 2012.

  24. 24.

    China State Council Information Office: White Paper on China’s Efforts and Achievements in Promoting the Rule of Law, loc cit.

  25. 25.

    Ibid.

  26. 26.

    Ibid.

  27. 27.

    Yale Law School: The China Center: http://www.law.yale.edu/intellectuallife/ChinaLawCenter.htmH.

  28. 28.

    P. Gewirtz: The U.S.-China Rule of Law Initiative. In: Yale Law School, Faculty Scholarship Series, Paper 1705: January 1, 2003.

  29. 29.

    Ibid.

  30. 30.

    BBC News Asia: China approves military garrison for disputed islands. 23 July 2012, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-18949941; and BBC News Asia: South China Sea dispute: China summons US diplomat. 5 August 2012, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-19135427

  31. 31.

    Ibid.

  32. 32.

    R. Peerenboom: China’s Long March Toward Rule of Law. Cambridge University Press 2002.

  33. 33.

    R. Peerenboom: China and the Rule of Law. In: Perspectives, Vol. 1, No. 6. Cf. R. Peerenboom (ed.): Asian Discourse of Rule of Law. Theories and implementation of rule of law in twelve Asian countries, France and the U.S. Routledge Curzon, New York 2004.

  34. 34.

    R. Peerenboom: China’s Long March Toward Rule of Law, loc cit.

  35. 35.

    I. Schaedler, Leader of the Department of Innovation of the Austrian Ministry for Mobility, Innovation and Technology Vienna, in conversation with Roland Benedikter, June 28, 2012, Innovation Summit Vienna, UNO-City Austria (where both served as keynote speakers for the Ministry).

  36. 36.

    P. Sweeney and L. Chiang: China approves $157-billion infrastructure spending to pump flagging economy. In: The Globe and Mail, September 07, 2012, http://m.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/international-business/asian-pacific-business/china-approves-157-billion-infrastructure-spending-to-pump-flagging-economy/article4526959/?service=mobile Cf. H. Zheng: China Economic Crisis: Why 44 Percent of Wealthy Chinese Want to Leave the Country. In: Policymic, 13 August 2012, http://www.policymic.com/articles/12645/china-economic-crisis-why-44-percent-of-wealthy-chinese-want-to-leave-the-country; and World Bank: In: World Bank Documents and Reports, China quarterly update, April 2012, http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/04/16228722/china-quarterly-update-april-2012

  37. 37.

    M. Chan: Military going high-tech on a leaner budget. In: South China Morning Post, 09 February 2011, http://www.scmp.com/article/737673/military-going-hi-tech-leaner-budget

  38. 38.

    Deutsche Presse-Agentur: US, China claim leadership role in Asia-Pacific region. In: Stars and Stripes, September 9, 2012, http://www.stripes.com/news/pacific/us-china-claim-leadership-role-in-asia-pacific-region-1.188674 Cf. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC 2012 official site: http://apec2012.ru/

  39. 39.

    Xinhuanet: Xi-Obama summit opens new chapter in China-U.S. relations, June 08, 2013, http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/china/2013-06/10/c_132444854.htm

  40. 40.

    F. Fukuyama: American political dysfunction. In: The American Interest, November/December 2011, http://www.the-american-interest.com/article.cfm?piece=1114

  41. 41.

    N. Bakshi: The resilient society. In: The London School of Economics Business Strategy Review, 2012 issue, http://bsr.london.edu/lbs-article/620/index.html Cf. from a different angle A. R. Edwards: Thriving beyond Sustainability. Pathways to a Resilient Society. New Society Publishers 2011; and Foundation for Resilient Societies, http://www.resilientsocieties.org/

  42. 42.

    Cf. F. Ruda, Free University of Berlin: Remembering the Impossible. For A Meta-Critical Anamnesis of Communism. In: S. Zizek (ed.): The Idea of Communism 2: The New York Conference. London and New York, Verso 2013, http://www.versobooks.com/books/1170-the-idea-of-communism-2

  43. 43.

    H. Kundnani and J. Parello-Plesner: China and Germany: Why the Emerging Special Relationship Matters for Europe. In: European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) Policy Briefs, May 2012, http://ecfr.eu/page/-/ECFR55_CHINA_GERMANY_BRIEF_AW.pdf

  44. 44.

    ECFR: Germany and China strengthen “special relationship” with joint cabinet meeting. In: ECFR News for Associates, 28 August 2012.

  45. 45.

    D. Levine: Why and how Population matters. In: R. E. Goodin and C. Tilly (eds.): The Oxford Handbook of Contextual Political Analysis, Oxford University Press 2006, p. 597 ff.

  46. 46.

    C. Tilly and R. E. Goodin: It depends. An introduction. In: R. E. Goodin and C. Tilly (eds.): The Oxford Handbook of Contextual Political Analysis, loc cit., p. 3–32.

  47. 47.

    Cf. for example H. Clinton: America’s Pacific Century. The future of politics will be decided in Asia, not Afghanistan or Iraq, and the United States will be right at the center of the action. In: Foreign Policy, November 2011, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/10/11/americas_pacific_century

  48. 48.

    Y. Keping: Democracy is a Good Thing. Essays on Politics, Society and Culture in Contemporary China. In: The Brookings Institution Press 2009, http://www.brookings.edu/research/books/2009/democracyisagoodthing

  49. 49.

    V.-L. Nyitray: Traditional Chinese Religious Society. In: M. Juergensmeyer (ed.): The Oxford Handbook of Global Religions. Oxford University Press 2006, p. 115 ff.; and C. Jochim: Popular Religion in Mainland China, ibid., p. 125 ff.

  50. 50.

    W. Zhang: What is Enlightenment: Can China Answer Kant’s Question? New York: State University of New York Press 2010. Cf. R. Benedikter: The Enlightenment. In: M. Juergensmeyer and H. K. Anheier (eds.): The SAGE Encyclopaedia of Global Studies. 4 Volumes, SAGE Publishers London and Thousand Oaks 2012, Volume 1, pp. 484–488.

  51. 51.

    D. North, J. J. Wallis and B. Weingast: Violence and Social Orders: A Conceptual Framework for Interpreting Recorded Human History. Cambridge University Press 2009.

  52. 52.

    H. Kissinger, loc cit.

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Benedikter, R., Nowotny, V. (2014). The 2012–2013 Generational Power Transfer and Its Perspectives: The Rule of Law or Democracy?. In: China’s Road Ahead. SpringerBriefs in Political Science. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9363-1_3

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