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Stigma in Neurological Diseases in the Tropics

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Neglected Tropical Diseases and Conditions of the Nervous System

Abstract

Stigma which has been defined as an “attribute that is deeply discrediting, and that reduces the bearer from a whole and usual person to a tainted, discounted, and inferior one”, arises from various sources and occurs in different forms. Stigma can be internalised or anticipated by the stigmatised person who accepts perceived exclusionary views of the society or who fears enacted stigma by the society on persons with a stigmatizing conditions. Lastly, stigma may be endorsed or accepted by the society.

Stigma is associated with many neurological diseases globally, especially the neglected tropical diseases. Stigma develops within the background of rich and diversified cultural beliefs and traditions, where the population’s knowledge on chronic neurological conditions is usually limited. In this context, attitudes and practices are based largely on misconceptions and myths.

Stigma has serious consequences on people affected by neglected neurological conditions and their families. It may be considered as the weakest link in the chain of disease diagnosis, treatment, prevention and eventual control or elimination. Stigma therefore constitutes a limiting factor to an acceptable quality of life for patients and the society. Various strategies have been suggested to fight stigma but this war is far from being won, although some battles have been successful.

The brain mechanisms of stigma are largely unknown although some interesting data are now available. The growth of the young discipline of social neuroscience despite many challenges may provide leads on more effective strategies for stigma reduction in the future.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, The University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

    Earnest N. Tabah

  2. Department of Neurology, Central Hospital Yaoundé, Ministry of Public Health, 25625, Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Earnest N. Tabah

  3. Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, The University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Faustin Yepnjio & Alfred K. Njamnshi

  4. Department of Neurology, Central Hospital Yaoundé, 25265, Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Faustin Yepnjio & Alfred K. Njamnshi

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  1. Earnest N. Tabah
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  2. Faustin Yepnjio
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  3. Alfred K. Njamnshi
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Correspondence to Alfred K. Njamnshi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Verona, Italy

    Marina Bentivoglio

  2. Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil

    Esper A. Cavalheiro

  3. Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

    Krister Kristensson

  4. Department of Physiology School of MedicineCollege of Health Science, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

    Nilesh B. Patel

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Tabah, E.N., Yepnjio, F., Njamnshi, A.K. (2014). Stigma in Neurological Diseases in the Tropics. In: Bentivoglio, M., Cavalheiro, E., Kristensson, K., Patel, N. (eds) Neglected Tropical Diseases and Conditions of the Nervous System. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8100-3_3

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