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Cocaine

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Book cover Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness

Abstract

After cannabis, cocaine is the most commonly used illicit drug in Europe. An estimated 13 million Europeans have used it at least once in their lifetime. Also, in the USA cocaine is one of the most prevalent illicit drugs, with an annual prevalence of seven million people. Cocaine is a well-known addictive stimulant drug and scientific literature concerning its various pharmacological properties dates back to the nineteenth century. This chapter describes the mechanism of action of cocaine, how addiction and tolerance develop, and the physiological and psychological risks of cocaine use. Finally, pharmacotherapy and psychosocial interventions available to treat cocaine dependence are discussed. It is concluded that none of these interventions have been proven sufficiently effective to reduce craving and maintain abstinence in all patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Anne P. Daamen, Renske Penning & Joris C. Verster

  2. Trimbos Institute, Da Costakade 45, Utrecht, 3521 VS, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Tibor Brunt

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  1. Anne P. Daamen
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  2. Renske Penning
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  3. Tibor Brunt
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  4. Joris C. Verster
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Correspondence to Joris C. Verster .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Inst. Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Psychopharmacology, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584CG, Netherlands

    Joris C. Verster

  2. Dept. Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, President St. 67, Charleston, 29425, South Carolina, USA

    Kathleen Brady

  3. School of Medicine, Div. Alcoholism & Drug Abuse, New York University, First Ave. 550, New York, 10016, New York, USA

    Marc Galanter

  4. Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, National Addiction Centre, Windsor Walk 4, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom

    Patricia Conrod

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Daamen, A.P., Penning, R., Brunt, T., Verster, J.C. (2012). Cocaine. In: Verster, J., Brady, K., Galanter, M., Conrod, P. (eds) Drug Abuse and Addiction in Medical Illness. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3375-0_12

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