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Recoding: Expansion of Decoding Rules Enriches Gene Expression pp 365–381Cite as

Translational Bypassing – Peptidyl-tRNA Re-pairing at Non-overlapping Sites

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Part of the book series: Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology ((NUCLEIC,volume 24))

Abstract

Ribosomal bypassing can lead to the translational fusion of non-contiguous ORFs. It involves dissociation of codon:anticodon pairing in the ribosomal P-site followed by mRNA slippage and re-pairing of the retained tRNA anticodon to mRNA at a non-overlapping codon. It is frame independent. The most studied case involves the bypassing of 50 non-coding nucleotides between codons 46 and 47 of phage T4 gene 60 where half the translating ribosomes successfully accomplish the feat. A nascent peptide signal encoded 5′ of the start of the coding gap facilitates the initial codon:anticodon dissociation. An mRNA structure forms in the ribosomal A-site. Only when sequence participating in this structure has passed the ribosomal P-site does the potential for anticodon re-pairing to mRNA at a matched codon arise. After such re-pairing, normal decoding of the A-site codon mediates resumption of standard translation.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by NIH grant ROI GM079523.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, 84112-5330, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

    Norma M. Wills

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  1. Norma M. Wills
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Correspondence to Norma M. Wills .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Biology Program, University of Utah, N. 2030 E. 15, Salt Late City, 84112-5330, U.S.A.

    John F. Atkins

  2. Dept. Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84112, U.S.A.

    Raymond F. Gesteland

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Wills, N.M. (2010). Translational Bypassing – Peptidyl-tRNA Re-pairing at Non-overlapping Sites. In: Atkins, J., Gesteland, R. (eds) Recoding: Expansion of Decoding Rules Enriches Gene Expression. Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology, vol 24. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-89382-2_17

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