Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Child Neuropsychology pp 225–248Cite as

Neuropsychological Correlates of Childhood and Adolescent Internalized Disorders: Mood and Anxiety Disorders

  • Chapter

  • 158k Accesses

Abstract

This chapter explores childhood mood and anxiety disorders within a transactional model. Genetic, prenatal, and postnatal history will be discussed in light of how these factors interact with neuropsychological, executive, cognitive, perceptual, and memory functioning. Moreover, the impact these factors have on the child's functioning (i.e., family, school, and social interactions) will be discussed within a transactional framework; that is, social and familial factors play a role in environmentally induced mood and anxiety disorders which, in turn, interfere with social interactions and interpersonal well-being.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. (2001). Manual for the ASEBA school-age forms and profiles . Burlington: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth and Families.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adam, E., Klimes-Dougan, B., & Gunnar, M. R. (2007). Social regulation of the adrenocortical response to stress in infants, children and adolescents: Implications for psychopathology and education. In D. Coch, K. Fischer, & G. Dawson (Eds.), Human behavior, learning, and the developing brain (pp. 264–304). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albano, A. M., Chorpita, B. F., & Barlow, D. H. (2006). Childhood anxiety disorders. In E. J. Mash & R. A. Barkley (Eds.), Child psychopathology (2nd ed., pp 279–329). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alessi, N. E., & Magen, J. (1988). Comorbidity of other psychiatric disturbances in depressed psychiatrically hospitalized children. American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 1582–1584.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, J. C., & Hollifield, J. (2003). Using the Rorschach with children and adolescents: The Exner Comprehensive System. In C. R. Reynolds & R. W. Kamphaus (Eds.), Handbook of psychological and educational assessment of children: Personality, behavior, and context (2nd ed., pp.182–197). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allsop, M., & Verduyn, C. (1990). Adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder: A case note review of consecutive patients referred to a provincial regional adolescent psychiatry unit. Journal of Adolescence, 13, 157–169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed. text revision). Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, J. C., Williams, S., McGee, R., & Silva, P. A. (1987). DSM-111 disorders in preadolescent children. Prevalence in a large sample from the general population. Archives of General Psychiatry, 44, 6–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Angold, A., Costello, E. J., & Erkanli, A. (1999). Comorbidity. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, 57–87.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ashman, S. B., Dawson, G., Panagiotides, H., Yamada, E., & Wilkinson, C. W. (2002). Stress hormone levels of children of depressed mothers. Development and Psychopathology, 14, 333–349.

    Google Scholar 

  • Avenenoli, S., Knight, E., Kessler, R. C., & Merikangas, K. R. (2007). Epidemiology of depression in children and adolescents. In J. R. Z. Abela & B. L. Hankin (Eds.), Handbook of depression in children and adolescents (pp. 6–34). NY: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barkley, R. A., (2006). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment (3 rd ed.). New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barlow, D. H. (2002). Anxiety and its disorders (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baxter, L. R., Thompson, J. M., Schwartz, J. M., Guze, B. H., Phelps, M. E., Mazziotta, J. C., et al. (1987). Trazodone treatment response in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychopathology, 20, 114–422.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Biederman, J., Baldessarini, R. J., Wright, V., Knee, D., & Harmatz, J. E. (1989). A double-blind placebo controlled study of desipramine in the treatment of ADD: I. Efficacy. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 777–784.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Biederman, J., Faraone, S., Marrs, A., Moore, P., Garcia, J., Ablon, J. S., Mick, E. Gershon, J., & Kearns, M. E. (1997). Panic disorder and agoraphobia in consecutively referred children and adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 214–223.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Biederman, J., Munir, K., Keenan, K., & Tsuang, M. T. (1991). Evidence of familial association between attention deficit and major affective disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 633–642.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Birleson, P. (1981). The validity of depressive disorder in childhood and the development of self-rating scale: A research report. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 22, 73–88.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Birmaher, B., Ryna, N. D., Williamson, D. E., Brent, D. A., Kaufman, J., Dahl, R. E., et al. (1996). Childhood and adolescent depression: A review of the past 10 years. Part I. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 1427–1439.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, L. T., Gurka, M. J., & Blackman, J. A. (2006). Emotional, developmental, and behavioral health of American children and their families: A report from the 2003 National Survey of Children's Health. Pediatrics, 117(6), e1202–e1212.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Caine, E. D. (1986). The neuropsychology of depression: The pseudodementia syndrome. In I. Grant & K. Adams (Eds.), Neuropsychological assessment of neuro-psychiatric disorders (pp. 221–243). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Checkley, S. (1996). The neuroendocriniology of depression. International Review of Psychiatry, 8, 373–378.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chorpita, B. F., & Southam-Gerow, M. A. (2006). Fears and anxieties. In E. J. Mash & R. A. Barkley (Eds.), Treatment of childhood disorders , 3rd ed., (pp. 271–335). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chow, T. W., & Cummings, J. L. (2007). Frontal-subcortical circuits. In B. L. Miller & J. L. Cummings (Eds.), The human frontal lobes: Functions and disorders (2nd ed., pp. 25–43). New York: Guilfrod Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarizio, H. F. (1991). Obsessive-compulsive disorder: The secretive syndrome. Psychology in the Schools, 28, 106–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, D. A., & Bolton, D. (1985). Obsessive-compulsive adolescents and their parents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 26, 267–276.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, R. M., Weingarten, H., Smallberg, S. A., &Murphy, D. L. (1982). Effort and cognition in depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 593–597.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Costello, E. J., Mustillo, S., Erkanli, A., Keeler, G., & Angold, A. (2003). Prevalence and development of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60, 837–844.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cummings, E. M., & Cicchetti, D. (1990). Toward a transactional model of relations between attachment and depression. In M. T. Greenberg, D. Cicchetti, & E. M. Cicchetti (Eds.), Attachment in preschool years: Theory, research, and intervention (pp. 339–372). Chicago: University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, R. J., Abercrombie, H., Nitschke, J. B., & Putman, K. M. (1999). Regional brain function, emotion, and disorders of emotions. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 9 (2), 228–234.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dawson, G., Frey, K., Panagiotides, H., Osterling, J., & Hessl, D. (1997). Infants of depressed mothers exhibit atypical frontal brain activity: A replication and extension of previous findings. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 179–186.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dawson, G., Grofer Klinger, L., Pangiotides, H., Hill, D., Spieker, S., & Frey, K. (1992). Infants of mothers with depressive symptoms: Electrophysiological and behavioral findings related to attachment status. Development and Psychopathology, 4 ,6740.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Bellis, M. D., Chrousos, G. P., Dorn, L. D., Burke, L., Helmers, K., Kling, M. A., et al. (1994). Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation in sexually abused girls. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 78, 249–255.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dencina, P., Kestenbaum, E. J., Farber, S., Kron, L., et al. (1983). Clinical and psychological assessment of children of bipolar probands. American Journal ofPsychiatry, 140, 54–558.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickstein, D. P., Trelanda, J. E., Snowa, J., McClurea, E. B., Mehtaa, M. S., Towbina, K. E., et al. (2004). Neuropsychological performance in pediatric bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 55 (1), 32–39.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Downey, G., & Coyne, J. (1990). Children of depressed parents: An integrative view. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 50–76.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Drevets, W. (2001a). Neuroimaging studies of mood disorders. Biological Psychiatry, 48 (8), 813–829.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Drevets, W. C. (2001b). Neuroimaging and neuropathological studies of depression: Implications for the cognitive-emotional features of mood disorders. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 119 (2), 240–249.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DuPree, J. L., & Prevatt, F. (2003). Projective story telling techniques. In C. R. Reynolds & R. W. Kamphaus (Eds.), Handbook of psychological and educational assessment of children: Personality, behavior, and context (2nd ed., pp. 66–90). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edelbrock, C., Costello, A. J., Dulcas, M. K., Kalas, R., & Conover, N. C. (1986). Parent-child agreement on child psychiatric symptoms assessed via structured interview. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 27, 181–190.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Firth, C. D., Stevens, M., Johnstone, E. C., Deakin, J. F., Lawler, P., Crow, T. J. (1983). Effects of ECT and depression on various aspects of memory. Journal of British Psychiatry, 142, 610–617.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flament, M. F., Koby, E., Rapoport, J. L., Berg, C. J., Zahn, T., Cox, C., et al. (1990). Childhood obsessive-compulsive disorder: A prospective follow-up study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 31, 363–380.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Flament, M. F., Whitaker, A., Rapoport, J. L., Davies, M., Berg, C. Z., Kalikow, et al. (1988). Obsessive compulsive disorder in adolescence: An epidemiological study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 27, 764 – 771.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Francis, G., Last, C. G., & Strauss, C. C. (1992). Avoidant disorder and social phobia in childhood and adolescence. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 1086–1089.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friedman, A. S., Utada, A. T., Glickman, N. W., & Morrissey, M. R. (1987). Psychopathology as an antecedent to, and as a “consequence” of, substance abuse, in adolescence. Journal of Drug Education, 17, 233–244.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Geller, B., & Tillman, R. (2005). Prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar I disorder: Review of diagnostic validation by Robins and Guze criteria. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 66 (suppl 7), 21–28.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gorwood, P. (2004). Confusing clinical presentations and differential diagnosis of bipolar disorder. Encephale, 30 (2), 182–193.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gratacos, M., Nadal, M., Martin-Santos, R., Pujana, M. A., Gago, J., & Peral, B. (2001). A polymorphic genome duplication on human chromosome 15 is a susceptibility factor for panic and phobic disorders. Cell, 106, 367–379.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gurley, D., Cohen, P., Pine, D. S., & Brook, J. (1996). Discriminating anxiety and depression in youth: A role for diagnostic criteria. Journal of Affective Disorders, 39, 191–190.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haldane, M., & Frangou, S. (2004). New insights help define the pathophysiology of bipolar affective disorder: Neuroimaging and neuropathology findings. Progress in Neuropsychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 28 (6), 943–960.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton, M. (1967). Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 6, 278–296.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hammen, C. (1990). Cognitive approaches to depression in children: Current findings and new directions. In B. B. Lahey & A. E. Kazdin (Eds.), Advances in clinical child psychology (Vol. 13, pp. 173–202). New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammen, C. D., & Brennan, P. A. (2001). Depressed adolescents of depressed and non-depressed mothers: Tests of an interpersonal impairment hypothesis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 284–294.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hammen, C. D., & Rudolph, K. D. (2003). Childhood mood disorders. In E. J. Mash & R. A. Barkley, (Eds.), Child psychopathology (2nd ed., pp. 233–278). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hankin, J. R., & Abela, J. R. (2005). Development of psychopathology: A vulnerability stress perspective. NY: Sage Publications

    Google Scholar 

  • Hankin, B. L., Abramson, L. Y., Moffitt, T. E., Silva, P. A., McGee, R., & Angell, K. E. (1998). Development of depression from preadolescence to young adulthood: Emerging gender differences in a 10-year longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 128–140.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hasler, G., Fromm, S., Carlson, P. J., Luckenbaugh, D. A., Waldeck, T., Geraci, M., et al. (2008). Neural response to catecholamine depletion in unmedicated subjects with major depressive disorder in remission and healthy subjects. Archives of General Psychiatry, 65 (5), 521–31.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Heim, C., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2001). The role of childhood trauma in the neurobiology of mood and anxiety disorders: Preclinical and clinical studies. Biological Psychiatry, 49, 1023–1039.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Henriques, J., & Davidson, R. (1990). Regional brain electrical asymmetries discriminate between previously depressed subjects and healthy controls. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 99, 22–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, J. P., Martin, D., & Cantwell, D. P. (1997). Comorbidity in ADHD: Implications for research, practice, and DSM-V. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 1065–1079.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, P. S., Hinshaw, S., Swanson, J., Greenhill, L., Conners, K., Arnold, E., et al. (2001). Findings from the NIMH multimodal treatment study of ADHD (MTA): Implications and applications for primary care providers. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 22, 60–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kagan, J., Arcus, D., Snidman, N., & Feng-Wang-Yu (1994). Reactivity in infants. Developmental Psychology, 30, 342–345.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman, J., Martin, A., King, R. A., & Charney, D. (2001). Are child-, adolescent-, and adult-onset depression one and the same? Biological Psychiatry, 49, 980–1001.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman, J., Yang, B. Z., Douglas-Palumberi, H., Grasso, D., Lipschitz, D., Houshyar, S., et al. (2006). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-5-HTTLPR gene interactions and environmental modifiers of depression in children. Biological Psychiatry, 59, 673–680.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E. (1987). Conduct disorders in childhood and adolescence. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E., French, N. H., Unis, A. S., Esveldt-Dawson, & Sherick, R. B. (1983). The Hopelessness Scale for Children: Psychometric characteristics and concurrent validity. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 504–510.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler, K. S., Neale, M. C., Heath, A. C., & Eaves, L. J. (1992). Major depression and generalized anxiety disorder: Same genes, (partly) different environments? Archives of General Psychiatry, 49, 716–722.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kendler, K. S., Neale, M. C., Heath, A. C., & Eaves, L. J. (1993). A twin study of recent life events and difficulties. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50, 789–796.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R. C., & Waters, E. E. (1998). Epidemiology of DSM-III-R major depression and minor depression among adolescents and young adults in the National Comorbidity Survey. Depression and Anxiety, 7, 3–14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kovacs, M. (1989). Affective disorders in children and adolescents. American Psychologist, 44, 201–215.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kovacs, M. (1992). Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI). New York: Multi-Health Systems, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kusche, C. A., Cook, E. T., & Greenberg, M. T. (1993). Neuropsychological and cognitive functioning in children with anxiety, externalizing, and comorbid psychopathology. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 22, 172–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Last, C. G., Hersen, M., Kazdin, A. E., Finkelstein, R., & Strauss, C. C. (1987). Comparison of DSM-I11 separation anxiety and overanxious disorders: Demographic characteristics and patterns of comorbidity. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 26, 527–531.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leech, S. L., Larkby, C. A., Day, R., & Day, N. L. (2006). Predictors and correlates of high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms among children at age 10. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 45, 223–230.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lenti, C., Giacobbe, A., & Pegna, C. (2000). Recognition of emotional facial expressions in depressed children and adolescents. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 91, 227–236.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lewinson, P. M., Hops, H., Roberts, R. E., Seeley, J. R., & Andrews, J. A. (1993). Adolescent psychopathology: I: Prevalence, and incidence of depression and other DSM-III-R disorders in high school students. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102, 133–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loney, B. R., & Frick, P. J. (2003). Structured diagnostic interviewing. In C. R. Reynolds & R. W. Kamphaus (Eds.), Handbook of psychological & educational assessment of children: Personality, behavior, and context (2nd ed., pp. 235–247). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luxenberg, J. S., Swedo, S. E., Flament, M. F., Friedland, R. P., Rapoport, J., & Rapoport, S. I. (1988). Neuroanatomical abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorders detected with quantitative X-ray computed tomography. American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 1089–1093.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lyoo, I. K., Lee, H. K., Jung, J. H., Noam, G. G., & Renshaw, P. F. (2002). White matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in children with psychiatric disorders. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 43, 361–368.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mash, E. J., & Barkley, R. A. (2006). Treatment of childhood disorders (3rd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, K. A., Manuck, S. B., & Saab, P. G. (1986). Cardiovascular responses of adolescents during a naturally occurring stressor and their behavioral and psychophysiological predictors. Psychophysiology, 23, 198–209.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mayberg, H. S. (1997). Limbic-cortical dysregulation: A proposed model of depression. In S. Salloway, P. Malloy, & J. L. Cummings (Eds.), The neuropsychiatry of limbic and subcortical disorders (pp. 167–178). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McClellan, J., Kowatch, R., & Findling, R. L. (2007). Work group on quality issues. Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 46 (1), 107–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McEwen, B. S. (1998). Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators. New England Journal of Medicine, 322, 171–179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Michael, K. D., & Crowley, S. L. (2002). How effective are treatments for child and adolescent depression?: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 22, 247–269.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mirescu, C., Peters, J. D., & Gould, E. (2004). Early life experience alters response of adult neurogenesis to stress. Nature Neuroscience, 7 (8), 841–846.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moffitt, T. E., Harrington, H. L., Caspi, A., Kim-Cohen, J., Goldberg, D., Gregory, A. M., et al. (2007). Depression and generalized anxiety disorder: Cumulative and sequential comorbidity in a birth cohort followed prospectively to age 32 years. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64 (6), 651–660.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Munir, K., Biederman, J., & Knee, D. (1987). Psychiatric comorbidity in patients with attention deficit disorder: A controlled study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 26, 844–848.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • NIMH Bipolar Facts. (2008). www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolar-disorder/index.shtml.

  • Pennington, B. F. (2002). The development of psychopathology: Nature and nurture . New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perlis, R. H., Miyahara, S., Marangell, L. B., Wisniewski, S. R., Ostacher, M., DelBello, M. P., et al. (2004). Long-term implications of early onset in bipolar disorder: Data from the first 1000 participants in the systematic treatment enhancement program for bipolar disorder (STEP-BD). Biological Psychiatry, 55, 875–881.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Phan, K. L., Wager, T., Taylor, S. F., & Liberzon, I. (2002). Functional neuroanatomy of emotion: A meta-analysis of emotion activation studies in PET and fMR. Neuroimage, 16 (2), 333–348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pine, D. S. (2002). Brain development and the onset of mood disorders. Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 7 , 223–233, 57–67.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pliszka, S. R. (2003). Neuroscience of mental health clinicians. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pliszka, S. R., Carlson, C. L., & Swanson, J. M. (1999). ADHD with comorbid disorders . New York, NY: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pomanski, E., Grossman, J. A., Buchsbaum, Y., Banegas, M., Freeman, L., & Gibbons, R. (1984). Preliminary studies of the reliability and validity of the children's depression rating scale. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 23, 191–197.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Quay, H. C., Peterson, D. R., Radke-Yarrow, M., Cummings, E., Kuczynski, L., & Chapman, M. (1985). Patterns of attachment in two- and three-year-olds in normal families and families with parental depression. Child Development, 56, 884–893.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rachman, S. J., & Hodgson. (1991). Consequences of panic. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 5, 187–197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rapoport, J. L. (1986). Childhood obsessive compulsive disorder. Journal of Child and Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 27, 289–295.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Recklitis, C. J., Lockwood, R. A., Rothwell,M. A., & Diller, L. R. (2006). Suicidal ideation and attempts in adult survivors of childhood cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 24, 3852–3857.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reinherz, Gianconia, Hauf, Wasserman, & Paradis, 2000

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, C. R., & Kamphaus, R. W. (2004). Behavior assessment system for children second edition. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, C. R., & Richmond, B. O. (1978). What I think and feel: A revised measure of children's manifest anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 6, 27 l–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, W. M. (1989). Reynolds child depression scale. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ronsaville, D. S., Municchi, G., Laney, C., Cizza, G., Meyer, S. E., Haim, A., et al. (2006). Maternal and environmental factors influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to corticotropin-releasing hormone infusion in offspring of mothers with or without mood disorders.Development and Psychopathology, 18, 173–194.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenbaum, J. F. (1988). Course and treatment of manic depressive illness. Journal of Clinical Psychiatr, 49, Supplement.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosso, I. M., Cintron, C. M., Steingard, R. J., Renshaw, P. F., Young, A. D., & Yurgelun-Todd, D. A. (2005). Amygdala and hippocampus volumes in pediatric major depression. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 21–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rush, A. J., Trivedi, M. H., Wisniewski, S. R., Nierenberg, A., Stewart, J. W., Warden, D., et al. (2006). Acute and longer-term outcomes in depressed outpatients who required one or several treatment steps: A STAR.D Report. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163 (11), 1905–17.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Satcher, D. (1999). Mental health: A report of the surgeon general. http://www.mentalhealth.org/special/surgeongeneralreport.

  • Semrud-Clikeman, M., Bennett, L., & Guli, L. (2003). Assessment of childhood depression. In C. R. Reynolds & R. W. Kamphaus (Eds.), Handbook of psychological and educational assessment of children: Personality, behavior, and context (2nd ed., 259–290). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Semrud-Clikeman, M., & Hynd, G. W. (1991). Review of issues and measures in childhood depression. School Psychology International, 12, 275–298.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shaffer, D., Gould, M. S., Fisher, P., Trautment, P., Moreau, D., Kleinman, M., et al. (1996). Psychiatric diagnosis in child and adolescent suicide. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 339–348.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shea, A., Walsh, C., MacMillan, H., & Steiner, M. (2004). Child maltreatment and HPA axis dysregulation: Relationship to major depressive disorder and post traumatic stress disorder in females. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 30, 162–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shear, K., Jin, R., Ruscio, A. M., Walters, E. E., & Kessler, R. C. (2006). Prevalence and correlates of estimated DSM-IV child and adult separation anxiety disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163, 1074–1083.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Silberg, J. L., Rutter, M., & Eaves, L. (2001). Genetic and environmental influences on the temporal association between earlier anxiety and later depression in girls.  Biological Psychiatry, 49 (12), 1040–1049.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Silberg, J., Pickles, A., Rutter, M., Hewitt, J., Simonoff, E., Maes, H., et al. (1999).The influence of genetic factors and life stress on depression among adolescent girls. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56, 225–232.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Silver, L. B. (1988). The scope of the problem in children and adolescents. In J. G. Looney (Ed.), Chronic mental illness in children and adolescents (pp. 39–51). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simon, G. E., Savarino, J. Operskalski, B., & Wang, P. (2006). Suicide risk during antidepressant treatment. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163 (1), 41–47.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spence, S. H., Rapee, R., McDonald, C., & Ingram, M. (2001). The structure of anxiety symptoms among preschoolers. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 39, 1293–1316.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spencer, T., Wilens, T., Biederman, J., Wozniak, J., & Harding-Crawford, M. (2000). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with mood disorders. In T. E. Brown (Ed.), Attention deficit hyperactivity disorders and comorbidities in children, adolescents, and adults (pp. 79–124). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stark, K. D., Snader, J., Hauser, M., Simpson, J., Schnoebelen, S., Glenn, R., et al. (2006). Depressive disorders during childhood and adolescence. In E. J. Mash & R. A. Barkley (Eds.), Treatment of childhood disorders (3rd ed., pp. 336–410). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steingard, R. J. (2000). The neuroscience of depression in adolescence. Journal of Affective Disorders, 61, 15–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steingard, R., Biederman, J., Doyle, A., & Sprich Buckminster, I. (1992). Psychiatric comorbidity in attention deficit disorder: Impact on the interpretation of child behavior checklist results. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 449–454.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steingard, R., Renshaw, P., Yurgelun-Todd, D., Appelmans, K., Lyoo, I. K., Shorrock, K., et al. (1996). Structural abnormalities in brain magnetic resonance images of depressed children. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 35 (3), 307–311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strauss, C. C. (1990). Anxiety disorders of childhood and adolescence. School Psychology Review, 19, 142–157.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strauss, C. S. (1991). Anxiety disorders of childhood and adolescence. School Psychology Review, 19, 142–157.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strauss, C. C., Frame, C. L., & Forehand, R. L. (1987). Psychosocial impairment associated with anxiety in children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 1, 235–439.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strauss, C. C., Last, C. G., Hersen, M., & Kazdin, A. (1988). Association between anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 15, 57–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan, P. F., Neale, M. C., & Kendler, K. S. (2000). Genetic epidemiology of major depression: review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 1552–1562.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Teeter Ellison, P. A., Eckert, L., Nelson, A., Platten, P., Semrud-Clikeman, M., & Kamphaus, R. W. (2009). Assessment of behavior and personality in the neuropsychological diagnosis of children. In C. R. Reynolds & Fletcher-Jensen, E. (Eds.), Handbook of clinical child neuropsychology (2nd ed.). New York: Plenum Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Teeter Ellison, P. A., & Nelson, A. (2008). Brain development: Evidence of gender differences. In E. Fletcher-Janzen (Ed.), Introduction to the neuropsychology of women . New York: Springer

    Google Scholar 

  • Templer, D. I. (1972). The obsessive-compulsive neurosis: Review of research findings. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 13, 375–383.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Torgesen, J. K. (1986). Genetic factors in moderately severe and mild affective disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 43, 222–226.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tramontana, M., & Hooper, S. (1989). Neuropsychology of child psychopathology. In C. R. Reynolds & E. Fletcher-Janzen (Eds.), Handbook of clinical child neuropsychology (pp. 87–106). New York: Plenum Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study Team. (2004). Fluoxetine, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and their combination for adolescents with depression: Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS) randomized trial. JAMA, 292, 807–820.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valla, J., Bergerson, L., & Smolla, N. (2000). The dominic-R: A pictorial interview for 6- to 11- year old children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 85–93.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Venken, T., Claes, S., Sluijs, S., Paterson, A. D., van Duijn, C., Adolfsson, R., et al. (2005). Genomewide scan for affective disorder susceptibility loci in families of a northern Swedish isolated population. American Journal of Human Genetics, 76, 237–248.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weaver, I. C., Cervoni, N., Champagne, F. A., D’Alessio, A. C., Sharma, S., Seckl, J. R., et al. (2004). Epigenetic programming of maternal behavior. Nature Neuroscience, 7 (8), 847–854.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weingartner, H., Gold, P., Ballenger, J. D., Smallberg, S. A., Summers, R., Rubinow, D. R. (1981). Effects of vasopressin on human memory functions. Science, 211, 601–603.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weissman, M. M., Pilowsky, D. J., Wickramaratne, P. J., Talati, A., Wisniewski, S. R., Fava, M., et al. (2006). Remission in maternal depression and child psychopathology: A STAR*D-Child report. JAMA, 295, 1389–1398.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weissman, M. M., Wolk, S., Goldstein, R. B., Moreau, D., Adams, P., Greenwald, S., et al. (1999). Depressed adolescents grown up. Journal of the American Medical Association, 281, 1707–1713.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zisook, S., Lesser, I., Stewart, J. W., Wisniewski, S. R., Balasubramani, G. K., Fava, M., et al. (2007). Effect of age at onset on the course of major depressive disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 164, 1539–1546.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Michigan State University, 3123 S. Cambridge Road, Lansing, MI, 48911, USA

    Margaret Semrud-Clikeman

  2. Department of Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin, 793 Enderis Hall, 2400 East Hartford Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA

    Phyllis Anne Teeter Ellison

Authors
  1. Margaret Semrud-Clikeman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Phyllis Anne Teeter Ellison
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Margaret Semrud-Clikeman .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Semrud-Clikeman, M., Ellison, P.A.T. (2009). Neuropsychological Correlates of Childhood and Adolescent Internalized Disorders: Mood and Anxiety Disorders. In: Child Neuropsychology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-88963-4_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation