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Chemical Epigenetics pp 159–196Cite as

PRMT Inhibitors

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Part of the book series: Topics in Medicinal Chemistry ((TMC,volume 33))

Abstract

The methylation of arginine residues in numerous protein targets is a post-translational modification that has gained increased interest in the scientific community over the past two decades. Arginine methylation is performed by the dedicated family of protein arginine methyltransferases and is known to be involved in a plethora of cellular pathways and biochemical mechanisms in both healthy and disease states. The development of inhibitors for these enzymes for use as biological tools can lead to a more detailed understanding of the functions of the different members of the PRMT family. In addition, a number of recent studies point towards PRMTs as therapeutic targets for a number of diseases and the first clinical trials with compounds inhibiting PRMTs are now underway. We here provide a broad overview of the current status of the inhibitors that have been developed against PRMTs using both high-throughput screening and rational design approaches.

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Abbreviations

aDMA:

Asymmetrically dimethylated arginine

AdoHcy:

S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine

AdoMet:

S-adenosyl-l-methionine

Adox:

Adenosine dialdehyde

AMI:

Arginine methyltransferase inhibitor

AML:

Acute myeloid leukaemia

CARM1:

Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

EBV:

Epstein-Barr virus

EC50:

Half maximal effective concentration

GAR:

Glycine-arginine rich

HEK293T:

Human embryonic kidney cell line

HepG2:

Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

IC50 :

Half maximal inhibitory concentration

Ki:

Inhibition constant

LNCaP :

Lymph node carcinoma of the prostate, prostate cancer cell line

MCF7:

Michigan Cancer Foundation-7, breast cancer cell line

MCL:

Mantle cell lymphoma

MEP50 :

Methylosome protein 50

MLL:

Mixed lineage leukaemia

MMA:

Monomethylated arginine

MTA:

Methylthioadenosine

MTAP:

5-Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase

PABP1:

Poly(A)-binding protein-1

PAD:

Protein arginine deiminase

PGM:

Proline, glycine, methionine-rich

PK/PD:

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic

PRMT:

Protein arginine N-methyltransferase

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid

RSF1:

Repressor splicing factor

SAH:

S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine

SAHH:

S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine hydrolase

SAM:

S-adenosyl-l-methionine

SAR:

Structure-activity relationship

sDMA:

Symmetrically dimethylated arginine

SET7:

SET domain containing protein 7

SGC:

Structural genomics consortium

Tat:

Trans-activator of transcription

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  1. Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Matthijs J. van Haren & Nathaniel I. Martin

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  1. Matthijs J. van Haren
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  2. Nathaniel I. Martin
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  1. Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Antonello Mai

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Funding: The support of Leiden University is kindly acknowledged.

Conflict of Interest: Matthijs van Haren declares that he has no conflict of interest. Nathaniel I. Martin declares that he has no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval: This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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van Haren, M.J., Martin, N.I. (2019). PRMT Inhibitors. In: Mai, A. (eds) Chemical Epigenetics. Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, vol 33. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/7355_2019_73

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