Skip to main content

Generating Classifier Ensembles from Multiple Prototypes and Its Application to Handwriting Recognition

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 2364))

Abstract

There are many examples of classification problems in the literature where multiple classifier systems increase the performance over single classifiers. Normally one of the two following approaches is used to create a multiple classifier system. 1. Several classifiers are developed completely independent of each other and combined in a last step. 2. Several classifiers are created out of one base classifier by using so called classifier ensemble creation methods. In this paper algorithms which combine both approaches are introduced and they are experimentally evaluated in the context of an hidden Markov model (HMM) based handwritten word recognizer.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. A. Brakensiek, J. Rottland, A. Kosmala, and G. Rigoll. Off-line handwriting recognition using various hybrid modeling techniques and character n-grams. In 7th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwritten Recognition, pages 343–352, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Leo Breiman. Bagging predictors. Machine Learning, (2):123–140, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  3. T. G. Dietterich. Ensemble methods in machine learning. In F. Roli, editors. First International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems, Cagliari, Italy, 2000. Springer. [12]}, pages 1–15.

    Google Scholar 

  4. T. G. Dietterich and G. Bakiri. Solving multiclass learning problems via errorcorrecting output codes. Journal of Artifical Intelligence Research, 2:263–286, 1995.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. T.G. Dietterich and E.B. Kong. Machine learning bias, statistical bias, and statistical variance of decision tree algorithms. Technical report, Departement of Computer Science, Oregon State University, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  6. R. Duin and D. Tax. Experiments with classifier combination rules. In F. Roli, editors. First International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems, Cagliari, Italy, 2000. Springer. [12]}, pages 16–29.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Yoav Freund and Robert E. Schapire. A descision-theoretic generalisation of online learning and an application to boosting. Journal of Computer and Systems Sciences, 55(1):119–139, 1997.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. T. K. Ho. The random subspace method for constructing decision forests. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 20(8):832–844, 1998.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. S. Impedovo, P. Wang, and H. Bunke, editors. Automatic Bankcheck Processing. World Scientific Publ. Co, Singapore, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  10. A. Kaltenmeier, T. Caesar, J.M. Gloger, and E. Mandler. Sophisticated topology of hidden Markov models for cursive script recognition. In Proc. of the 2nd Int. Conf. on Document Analysis and Recognition, Tsukuba Science City, Japan, pages 139–142, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  11. G. Kim, V. Govindaraju, and S.N. Srihari. Architecture for handwritten text recognition systems. In S.-W. Lee, editor, Advances in Handwriting Recognition, pages 163–172. World Scientific Publ. Co., 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  12. J. Kittler and F. Roli, editors. First International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems, Cagliari, Italy, 2000. Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  13. J. Kittler and F. Roli, editors. Second International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems, Cambridge, UK, 2001. Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  14. D. Lee and S. Srihari. Handprinted digit recognition: A comparison of algorithms. In Third International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition, pages 153–162, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  15. U. Marti and H. Bunke. A full English sentence database for off-line handwriting recognition. In Proc. of the 5th Int. Conf. on Document Analysis and Recognition, Bangalore, India, pages 705–708, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  16. U.-V. Marti and H. Bunke. Using a statistical language model to improve the performance of an HMM-based cursive handwriting recognition system. Int. Journal of Pattern Recognition and Art. Intelligence, 15:65–90, 2001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. D. Partridge and W. B. Yates. Engineering multiversion neural-net systems. Neural Computation, 8(4):869–893, 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. L. Rabiner. A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition. Proceedings of the IEEE, 77(2):257–285, 1989.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. J.-C. Simon. Off-line cursive word recognition. Special Issue of Proc. of the IEEE, 80(7):1150–1161, July 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  20. C. Suen and L. Lam. Multiple classifier combination methodologies for different output level. In F. Roli, editors. First International Workshop on Multiple Classifier Systems, Cagliari, Italy, 2000. Springer. [12]}, pages 52–66.

    Google Scholar 

  21. C.Y. Suen, C. Nadal, R. Legault, T.A. Mai, and L. Lam. Computer recognition of unconstrained handwritten numerals. Special Issue of Proc. of the IEEE, 80(7):1162–1180, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  22. L. Xu, A. Krzyzak, and C. Suen. Methods of combining multiple classifiers and their applications to handwriting recognition. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 22(3):418–435, 1992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. S. J. Young, J. Jansen, J. J. Odell, D. Ollason, and P. C. Woodland. The HTK Hidden Markov Model Toolkit Book. Entropic Cambridge Research Laboratory, http://htk.eng.cam.ac.uk/, 1995.

  24. M. Zimmermann and H. Bunke. Hidden markov model length optimization for handwriting recognition systems. Technical Report IAM-01-003, Department of Computer Science, University of Bern, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Günter, S., Bunke, H. (2002). Generating Classifier Ensembles from Multiple Prototypes and Its Application to Handwriting Recognition. In: Roli, F., Kittler, J. (eds) Multiple Classifier Systems. MCS 2002. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 2364. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45428-4_18

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45428-4_18

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-43818-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-45428-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics