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Palgrave Macmillan

‘Pre-Islamic Survivals’ in Muslim Central Asia

Tsarist, Soviet and Post-Soviet Ethnography in World Historical Perspective

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  • © 2023

Overview

  • Traces the conceptual lens of historical-cultural ‘survivals’ in various Christian, Islamic and secular traditions
  • Draws from European, Central Asian, Middle Eastern and world history situated within a global-crosscultural frame
  • Contributes to scholarship on ‘syncretism’ and ‘conversion’, definitions of Islam, history as identity and heritage, and more

Part of the book series: Islam and Global Studies (IGS)

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Table of contents (10 chapters)

  1. Historical Sources of Soviet ‘Survivals’ Ethnography

  2. Historiographical Constructions of and Debates Over Kazakh Religious History and Identity in Soviet and Post-Soviet Kazakh Scholarship

  3. International Post-Soviet ‘Survivals’ Scholarship in Global Historical Perspective

Keywords

About this book

The book traces the conceptual lens of historical-cultural ‘survivals’ from the late 19th-century theories of E.B. Tylor, James Frazer, and others, in debate with monotheistic ‘degenerationists’ and Protestant anti-Catholic polemicists, back to its origins in Jewish, Christian and Muslim traditions as well as later more secularized forms in the German Enlightenment and Romanticist movements. These historical sources, particularly the ‘dual faith’ tradition of Russian Orthodoxy, significantly shaped both Tsarist and later Soviet ethnography of Muslim Central Asia, helping guide and justify their respective religious missionary, social-legal, political and other imperial agendas. They continue impacting post-Soviet historiography in complex and debated ways.

Drawing from European, Central Asian, Middle Eastern and world history, the fields of ethnography and anthropology, as well as Christian and Islamic studies, the volume contributes to scholarship on ‘syncretism’ and‘conversion’, definitions of Islam, history as identity and heritage, and more. It is situated within a broader global historical frame, addressing debates over ‘pre-Islamic Survivals’ among Turkish and Iranian as well as Egyptian, North African Berber, Black African and South Asian Muslim Peoples while critiquing the legacy of the Geertzian ‘cultural turn’ within Western post-colonialist scholarship in relation to diverging trends of historiography in the post-World War Two era.

Reviews

A critical, deeply researched work on a long and still debated theme within and beyond Kazakh scholarship. Weller’s book is an erudite exploration of Tsarist, Soviet, Western (European and American), Turkish and modern Kazakh writing on the spread and role of Islam and other religious systems in Kazakh society. As such, it is essential reading for all who are interested in the history of religion in Central Asia and in particular of Islam in Kazakhstan. 

(Peter B. Golden, Professor Emeritus of History, Turkish and Middle Eastern Studies, Rutgers University)


This the first book-length study of the concept of ‘pre-Islamic survivals’ among the Kazakhs and other Muslim societies of Central Asia. Weller’s painstaking research draws on medieval and modern primary sources, including twenty-first century developments. …Focused primarily on the Kazakhs, the book opens doors to a broader discussion of Muslim populations of Central Asia and the former Russian Empire in the context of colonial scholarship and the global reach of knowledge production.

(Marina Tolmacheva, Professor Emerita, Middle Eastern & Islamic History, Washington State University and President Emerita, American University, Kuwait)

Weller's study of the concept of 'pre-Islamic survivals' in Central Asia is an erudite and thought-provoking book. On the basis of wide-ranging research and deep engagement with Kazakh-language sources, he argues that the paradigms through which a number of (especially Western) scholars have -- implicitly or explicitly -- understood religiosity in Central Asia do not adequately explain Central Asian religious beliefs and customs. His arguments merit careful study and engagement by scholars of Central Asian history and the history of religion alike.

(Ian W. Campbell, Associate Professor of History, University of California-Davis, California)

A comprehensive volume which offers fresh perspectives and ideas… Scholars of Islamic, religious, cultural and historical studies will find much of interest on the problems of 'syncretism' and 'conversion,' especially in relation to the study of religious identity in Central Asia and its developing trends.

(Ainura D. Kurmanaliyeva, Professor & Department Chair, and Nurlykhan K. Aljanova, Senior Lecturer & Vice-Chair on Science and International Cooperation, Department of Religious & Cultural Studies, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University (Almaty))

This is an insightful work, rich in detail; scholars from many disciplines will benefit from it.

(Razia Sultanova, Research Fellow, Cambridge Muslim College, UK, and Visiting Professor, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic)


Authors and Affiliations

  • Department of History, Washington State University, Pullman, USA

    R. Charles Weller

About the author

R. Charles Weller, Associate Professor of History (Career), Washington State University, and Senior Research Fellow, Department of Religion and Culture, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.

Bibliographic Information

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