Carbonatite Volcanism

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XI

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2. Introduction

   • Keith Bell, Jörg Keller

   Pages 1-3

3. Historic and Recent Eruptive Activity of Oldoinyo Lengai

   • J. B. Dawson, J. Keller, C. Nyamweru

   Pages 4-22

4. Field Observations and Measurements of the Physical Properties of Oldoinyo Lengai Alkali Carbonatite Lavas, November 1988

   • H. Pinkerton, G. E. Norton, J. B. Dawson, D. M. Pyle

   Pages 23-36

5. The Dynamics of Degassing at Oldoinyo Lengai

   • D. M. Pyle, H. Pinkerton, G. E. Norton, J. B. Dawson

   Pages 37-46

6. Petrology and Geochemistry of Oldoinyo Lengai Lavas Extruded in November 1988: Magma Source, Ascent and Crystallization

   • J. B. Dawson, H. Pinkerton, G. E. Norton, D. M. Pyle, P. Browning, D. Jackson et al.

   Pages 47-69

7. The Trace Element Composition and Petrogenesis of Natrocarbonatites

   • J. Keller, B. Spettel

   Pages 70-86

8. Cathodoluminescence Observations of Natrocarbonatites and Related Peralkaline Nephelinites at Oldoinyo Lengai

   • U. Koberski, J. Keller

   Pages 87-99

9. Nd and Sr Isotope Systematics of the Active Carbonatite Volcano, Oldoinyo Lengai

   • K. Bell, J. B. Dawson

   Pages 100-112

10. Stable Isotope Characteristics of Recent Natrocarbonatites from Oldoinyo Lengai

    • J. Keller, J. Hoefs

    Pages 113-123

11. Decay Series Evidence for Transfer and Storage Times of Natrocarbonatite Magma

    • D. M. Pyle

    Pages 124-136

12. An Assessment of the Alleged Role of Evaporites and Saline Brines in the Origin of Natrocarbonatite

    • K. Bell, J. B. Dawson

    Pages 137-147

13. What Are the Parental Magmas at Oldoinyo Lengai?

    • T. D. Peterson, B. A. Kjarsgaard

    Pages 148-162

14. Peralkaline Nephelinite/Carbonatite Liquid Immiscibility: Comparison of Phase Compositions in Experiments and Natural Lavas from Oldoinyo Lengai

    • B. A. Kjarsgaard, D. L. Hamilton, T. D. Peterson

    Pages 163-190

15. Experimental Constraints on the Possible Mantle Origin of Natrocarbonatite

    • R. J. Sweeney, T. J. Falloon, D. H. Green

    Pages 191-207

16. Back Matter

    Pages 209-210

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During the last few years, carbonatites have received a considerable amount of attention. Some of this interest was no doubt kindled by the importance of volatiles in the Earth's mantle, particularly CO , by the fact that carbonatites 2 can be used to monitor the chemical evolution of the sub-continental upper mantle, and by the fact that carbonatites may be effective metasomatizing agents at both mantle and crustal levels. The interest in Oldoinyo Lengai has extended over at least 100 years, but it was not until the eruptions of 1960, when the unique carbonatitic nature of its lavas was recognized, that the volcano took on special significance in volcanology and igneous petrology. The recognition of carbonatitic flows coin­ cided with the first successful laboratory experiments carried out on carbonatitic melts. Since then, Oldoinyo Lengai has formed a cornerstone in all carbonatite discussions. It is probably true to say that the findings from Oldoinyo Lengai have dominated our ideas about carbonatites, in spite of the fact that the alkali­ rich, natrocarbonatitic lavas of Oldoinyo Lengai are markedly different from other carbonatites.

• chemistry
• geochemistry
• mineral
• mineralogy
• petrology
• volcanism
• volcano

• Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Centre, Dept. of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada

  Keith Bell

• Institut für Mineralogie, Petrologie und Geochemie, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

  Jörg Keller

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