Phenolic Resins: A Century of Progress

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiii

   PDF

2. Raw Materials

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 8-8

      PDF

   2. Introduction

      • Louis Pilato

      Pages 1-5

   3. Phenols

      • Manfred Weber, Markus Weber

      Pages 9-23

   4. Formaldehyde

      • Stefan Kowatsch

      Pages 25-40

   5. Resin Chemistry

      • Louis Pilato

      Pages 41-91

   6. Analyses/Testing

      • David Valdez, Ellen Nagy

      Pages 93-135

3. Production

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 138-138

      PDF

   2. Resole Production

      • Jürgen Lang, Marc Cornick

      Pages 139-146

   3. Novolak Production

      • Hiroshi Aiba

      Pages 147-151

4. Applications

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 154-154

      PDF

   2. Wood Composite Adhesives

      • Jose Gomez-Bueso, Robert Haupt

      Pages 155-187

   3. Foam

      • Marc Cornick

      Pages 189-208

   4. Mineral Wool Insulation Binders

      • Stefan Kowatsch

      Pages 209-242

   5. Laminates

      • Karin Lepedat, Robert Wagner, Jürgen Lang

      Pages 243-261

   6. Composites

      • John G. Taylor

      Pages 263-306

   7. Abrasives

      • Masakatsu Asami, Michael Santorelli

      Pages 307-343

   8. Friction

      • Yoshihiro Matsuo, Daryl D. Clarke, Shinichi Ozeki

      Pages 345-361

   9. Photoresists

      • Fumitaka Saimura, Michael Santorelli

      Pages 363-382

   10. Phenolic Molding Compounds

       • Koji Koizumi, Ted Charles, Hendrik De Keyser

       Pages 383-437

The legacy of Leo Hendrik Baekeland and his development of phenol formal- hyde resins are recognized as the cornerstone of the Plastics Industry in the early twentieth century, and phenolic resins continue to ?ourish after a century of robust growth. On July 13, 1907, Baekeland ?led his “heat and pressure” patent related to the processing of phenol formaldehyde resins and identi?ed their unique utility in a plethora of applications. The year 2010 marks the Centennial Year of the prod- tion of phenolic resins by Leo Baekeland. In 1910, Baekeland formed Bakelite GmbH and launched the manufacture of phenolic resins in Erkner in May 1910. In October 1910, General Bakelite began producing resins in Perth Amboy, New Jersey. Lastly, Baekeland collaborated with Dr. Takamine to manufacture phenolic resins in Japan in 1911. These events were instrumental in establishing the Plastics Industry and in tracing the identity to the brilliance of Dr. Leo Baekeland. Phenolic resins remain as a versatile resin system featuring either a stable, thermoplastic novolak composition that cures with a latent source of formaldehyde (hexa) or a heat reactive and perishable resole composition that cures thermally or under acidic or special basic conditions. Phenolic resins are a very large volume resin system with a worldwide volume in excess of 5 million tons/year, and its growth is related to the gross national product (GNP) growth rate globally.

• Novolak
• PED
• Resol
• STEM
• polymer
• thermoset

• Pilato Consulting, Bound Brook, U.S.A.

  Louis Pilato

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