Eurasian Business and Economics Perspectives

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xvii

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2. Eurasian Business Perspectives: Education

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Understanding Student Learning Gain: Using Student-Staff Partnerships within Higher Education to Inform the Continuous Improvement Process

      • Martyn Polkinghorne, Gelareh Roushan, Julia Taylor

      Pages 3-17

   3. The Role of Technology in Student Learning and Engagement: The Case of the Webinar

      • Mohammad Ali Wasim, Kathryn Mitchell

      Pages 19-35

   4. Investigation of Higher Education Teacher Adoption of Microsoft Teams: Managing Behaviour through Online Delivery and Promoting Positive Usage

      • Kathryn Mitchell, Mohammad Ali Wasim

      Pages 37-59

3. Eurasian Business Perspectives: Entrepreneurship

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 61-61

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   2. Driving Economic Growth: Examining the Role of Leadership within SME Innovation

      • Rachel Clarke, Martyn Polkinghorne, Parisa Gilani, Lois Farquharson

      Pages 63-80

   3. It’s Not Just Physical: Gender and Bias in Equity Crowdfunding

      • Sukanya Ayatakshi-Endow, Martyn Polkinghorne, Uchenna Okafor

      Pages 81-110

4. Eurasian Business Perspectives: Management

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 111-111

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   2. Development of Organizational Trust Questionnaire

      • Silja Kask, Eneken Titov

      Pages 113-128

   3. Specific Factors Influencing Patient Satisfaction in Swiss Ophthalmology Private Practice

      • Kevin Gillmann, Konstantinos Athanasiadis, Dimitrios N. Koufopoulos

      Pages 129-150

5. Eurasian Business Perspectives: Tourism

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 151-151

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   2. An Evaluation of Green Certification Program: A Study of Two Island Resorts in Malaysia and Indonesia

      • Mohd Fadil Mohd Yusof, Sapsean Dwi Agustina, Hairul Nizam Ismail, Ghazali Ahmad

      Pages 153-166

   3. The Impact of Employees’ Absorptive Capacity on Digital Transformation of Tourism and Travel Services: Evidence from the Egyptian Travel Agencies

      • Mahmoud Ahmed Aboushouk

      Pages 167-184

6. Eurasian Economic Perspectives: Accounting and Finance

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 185-185

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   2. Use of Management Accounting Techniques in Croatian Manufacturing Companies

      • Mirjana Hladika

      Pages 187-199

   3. Intellectual Capital and Corporate Risk Disclosure in the Nigerian Banking Sector

      • Musa Uba Adamu, Irina Ivashkovskaya

      Pages 201-218

   4. Bibliometric Analysis of Green Bonds

      • Munir Soud Khamis, Ahmet Faruk Aysan

      Pages 219-236

   5. Basel III and Firm Performance: A Lens of Managerial Ownership

      • Syed Quaid Ali Shah, Fong-Woon Lai, Muhammad Kashif Shad, Mustafa Malik, Kaneez Fatima Sadriwala

      Pages 237-249

7. Eurasian Economic Perspectives: Growth and Development

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 251-251

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EBES conferences have been intellectual hub for academic discussion in economics, finance, and business fields and provide network opportunities for participants to make long lasting academic cooperation. This is the 23rd volume of the Eurasian Studies in Business and Economics (EBES’s official proceeding series) which includes selected papers from the 36th EBES Conference – Istanbul. The conference was organized on July 1-3, 2021 in hybrid mode with both online and in-person presentation. In the conference, 141 papers by 311 colleagues from 49 countries were presented. Both theoretical and empirical papers in this volume cover diverse areas of business, economics, and finance from many different regions. Therefore, it provides a great opportunity to colleagues, professionals, and students to catch up with the most recent studies in different fields and empirical findings on many countries and regions.

• Eurasia Business and Economics Society (EBES)
• Economics
• Regional Studies
• Finance
• Management

• Istanbul Medeniyet University, Fatih, Turkey

  Mehmet Huseyin Bilgin

• MUFG Union Bank, San Francisco, USA

  Hakan Danis

• Reykjavik University, Reykjavík, Iceland

  Ender Demir

• School of Business Administration, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

  Virginia Bodolica

Mehmet Huseyin Bilgin is a Professor at Istanbul Medeniyet University (Turkey). He has also held visiting faculty positions at Indiana University in Indianapolis (USA), Jacksonville University (USA), Zagreb University (Croatia), and Nanyang Technological University (Singapore). Prof. Bilgin has published many articles in reputable international journals. Among other several editorial duties, he serves as the Subject Editor in Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions & Money and as the Associate Editor in Singapore Economic Review. He is the founder and current Chairman of the Istanbul Economic Research Association, and the founder and current Vice President of the Eurasia Business and Economics Society (EBES, Turkey). He has also been active as a consultant to several institutions, as a newspaper columnist, and featured in several television programs.


Hakan Danis is the Vice President of the Eurasia Business and Economics Society (EBES) and Director in the Credit Strategies Group at the Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group (MUFG) (USA). He has previously worked at the Spanish multinational global bank Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (BBVA) in the USA as economist. He is one of the founders and first President of the EBES. He has published articles in many leading economics and finance journals and currently serves as the Managing Editor of Eurasian Economic Review (Springer). He served as the guest editor at the Emerging Markets Finance & Trade and Singapore Economic Review, and has published several academic books. His current research and teaching interests include monetary policy, nonlinear applied time series, risk management in financial institutions, and macroeconomics.


Ender Demir is an Associate Professor of Finance at the Department of Business Administration, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University (Iceland). Dr. Demir is the founder and conference coordinator of the Eurasia Business and Economics Society (EBES). He serves as the Associate Editor of the Eurasian Business Review (Springer), and as a Subject Editor of the Journal of Multinational Financial Management. He has published his research in peer-reviewed international journals such as the Annals of Tourism Research, Emerging Markets Review, Finance Research Letters, and Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money. His research interests are in corporate finance, cryptocurrencies, financial economics, and tourism economics


Virginia Bodolica is the Said T. Khoury Chair of Leadership Studies and a Professor of Management in the School of Business Administration at the American University of Sharjah (UAE). She is a passionate academic, an advocate of cross-disciplinary research and practice, and an award-winning case studies’ writer. Her research interests are related to corporate leadership dynamics and soft and hard governance issues in for-profit settings, family owned enterprises and healthcare institutions. Among other journals, Virginia serves on the editorial board of a number of academic journals, consults with local and international businesses, facilitates strategic retreats and delivers executive education sessions and customized programs, and is regularly invited as a guest speaker at professional conferences, workshops and events. Her involvement in service activities has earned her many Outstanding Reviewer Awards from scholarly journals and various Academy of Management’s divisions.