Data Management in Machine Learning Systems

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xv

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2. Introduction

   • Matthias Boehm, Arun Kumar, Jun Yang

   Pages 1-6

3. ML Through Database Queries and UDFs

   • Matthias Boehm, Arun Kumar, Jun Yang

   Pages 7-19

4. Multi-Table ML and Deep Systems Integration

   • Matthias Boehm, Arun Kumar, Jun Yang

   Pages 21-32

5. Rewrites and Optimization

   • Matthias Boehm, Arun Kumar, Jun Yang

   Pages 33-52

6. Execution Strategies

   • Matthias Boehm, Arun Kumar, Jun Yang

   Pages 53-71

7. Data Access Methods

   • Matthias Boehm, Arun Kumar, Jun Yang

   Pages 73-83

8. Resource Heterogeneity and Elasticity

   • Matthias Boehm, Arun Kumar, Jun Yang

   Pages 85-99

9. Systems for ML Lifecycle Tasks

   • Matthias Boehm, Arun Kumar, Jun Yang

   Pages 101-121

10. Conclusions

    • Matthias Boehm, Arun Kumar, Jun Yang

    Pages 123-125

11. Back Matter

    Pages 127-157

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Large-scale data analytics using machine learning (ML) underpins many modern data-driven applications. ML systems provide means of specifying and executing these ML workloads in an efficient and scalable manner. Data management is at the heart of many ML systems due to data-driven application characteristics, data-centric workload characteristics, and system architectures inspired by classical data management techniques.

In this book, we follow this data-centric view of ML systems and aim to provide a comprehensive overview of data management in ML systems for the end-to-end data science or ML lifecycle. We review multiple interconnected lines of work: (1) ML support in database (DB) systems, (2) DB-inspired ML systems, and (3) ML lifecycle systems. Covered topics include: in-database analytics via query generation and user-defined functions, factorized and statistical-relational learning; optimizing compilers for ML workloads; execution strategies and hardware accelerators; data access methods such as compression, partitioning and indexing; resource elasticity and cloud markets; as well as systems for data preparation for ML, model selection, model management, model debugging, and model serving. Given the rapidly evolving field, we strive for a balance between an up-to-date survey of ML systems, an overview of the underlying concepts and techniques, as well as pointers to open research questions. Hence, this book might serve as a starting point for both systems researchers and developers.

• Graz University of Technology, Austria

  Matthias Boehm

• University of California, San Diego, USA

  Arun Kumar

• Duke University, USA

  Jun Yang

Matthias Boehm is a professor at Graz University of Technology, Austria, where he holds a BMVIT-endowed chair for data management. Prior to joining TU Graz in 2018, he was a research staff member at IBM Research - Almaden, CA, USA, with a focus on compilation and runtime techniques for declarative, large-scale machine learning. He received his Ph.D.from Dresden University of Technology, Germany in 2011 with a dissertation on cost-based optimization of integration flows. His previous research also includes systems support for time series forecasting as well as in-memory indexing and query processing. Matthias is a recipient of the 2016 VLDB Best Paper Award, and a 2016 SIGMOD Research Highlight Award.Arun Kumar is an Assistant Professor at the University of California, San Diego. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 2016. His research interests are in the intersection of data management, systems, and ML, with a focus on making ML-based data analytics easier, faster, cheaper, and more scalable. Ideas from his work have been adopted by many companies, including EMC, Oracle, Cloudera, Facebook, and Microsoft. He is a recipient of the Best Paper Award at SIGMOD 2014, the 2016 CS dissertation research award from UW-Madison, a 2016 Google Faculty Research Award, and a 2018 Hellman Fellowship.Jun Yang is a Professor of Computer Science at Duke University, where he has been teaching since receiving his Ph.D. from Stanford University in 2001. He is broadly interested in databases and data-intensive systems. He is a recipient of the NSF CAREER Award, IBM Faculty Award, HP Labs Innovation Research Award, and Google Faculty Research Award. He also received the David and Janet Vaughan Brooks Teaching Award at Duke. His current research interests lie in making data analysis easier and more scalable for scientists, statisticians, and journalists.