Organic Waste Composting through Nexus Thinking

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-viii

   PDF

2. Organic Waste Composting Through Nexus Thinking: Linking Soil and Waste as a Substantial Contribution to Sustainable Development

   • Hiroshan Hettiarachchi, Johan Bouma, Serena Caucci, Lulu Zhang

   Pages 1-15Open Access

3. Composting as a Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategy: Lessons Learned from Cajicá, Colombia

   • Cristian Rivera Machado, Hiroshan Hettiarachchi

   Pages 17-38Open Access

4. Composting: A Sustainable Route for Processing of Biodegradable Waste in India

   • Ashootosh Mandpe, Sweta Kumari, Sunil Kumar

   Pages 39-60Open Access

5. Composting in Sri Lanka: Policies, Practices, Challenges, and Emerging Concerns

   • Warshi S. Dandeniya, Serena Caucci

   Pages 61-89Open Access

6. Valuing Waste – A Multi-method Analysis of the Use of Household Refuse from Cooking and Sanitation for Soil Fertility Management in Tanzanian Smallholdings

   • Ariane Krause

   Pages 91-122Open Access

7. Urban Waste as a Resource: The Case of the Utilisation of Organic Waste to Improve Agriculture Productivity Project in Accra, Ghana

   • Dzidzo Yirenya-Tawiah, Ted Annang, Benjamin Dankyira Ofori, Benedicta Yayra Fosu-Mensah, Elaine Tweneboah- Lawson, Richard Yeboah et al.

   Pages 123-145Open Access

8. Organic Waste Composting at Versalles: An Alternative That Contributes to the Economic, Social and Environmental Well-Being of Stakeholders

   • Luis Fernando Marmolejo-Rebellón, Edgar Ricardo Oviedo-Ocaña, Patricia Torres-Lozada

   Pages 147-164Open Access

9. Traditional and Adapted Composting Practices Applied in Smallholder Banana-Coffee-Based Farming Systems: Case Studies from Kagera and Morogoro Regions, Tanzania

   • Anika Reetsch, Didas Kimaro, Karl-Heinz Feger, Kai Schwärzel

   Pages 165-184Open Access

10. Co-composting: An Opportunity to Produce Compost with Designated Tailor-Made Properties

    • Laura Giagnoni, Tania Martellini, Roberto Scodellini, Alessandra Cincinelli, Giancarlo Renella

    Pages 185-211Open Access

11. Biochar–Compost Mixtures as a Promising Solution to Organic Waste Management Within a Circular Holistic Approach

    • Federico Varalta, Jaana Sorvari

    Pages 213-232Open Access

Organic waste composting is another excellent example to demonstrate the power and the benefits of nexus thinking. Even though organic waste composting itself is not a new topic, those who want to start a new project or align an ongoing project with nexus thinking, find it difficult to gather the necessary information. With nine case studies from four continents, this book aims to fill above gap in literature. While current literature on composting is often found to be limited to either soil/agriculture sector or waste management sector, this book presents a combined point of view. 

This open access book starts with an introductory chapter that describes the need to bring the waste management aspects and soil nutrient management aspects of compost production into one integrated theme. The relevance of nexus thinking and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are also presented in this introduction. The first three chapters after the introduction covers composting from the solid waste management and its policy aspects, taking examples from three developing countries. The next three examples are mostly about the benefits composting can provide to the soil and agriculture. These examples are also from three developing countries, but with a mixture of urban as well as rural settings. Last three chapters present more insight into the latest developments taking examples from Europe, as well as new methods adapted from the traditional styles from Africa.    

• Sustainable Waste Management
• Soil Water Retention
• Nutrients
• Health risks
• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
• Open Access

• United Nations University (UNU-FLORES), Dresden, Germany

  Hiroshan Hettiarachchi, Serena Caucci

• Thünen Institute of Forest Systems, Eberswalde, Germany

  Kai Schwärzel

Hiroshan Hettiarachchi is a Civil Engineering Professor from the United States specialized in geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering. He contributed to UNU-FLORES activities since 2013 and in 2014 he joined UNU-FLORES as the Head of Unit – Waste Management. He also took a leading role in establishing the UNU-FLORES PhD Program in the Integrated Management of Water, Soil, and Waste. Before joining UNU, Prof. Hettiarachchi previously served at the Lawrence Technological University, in Michigan, USA, where he held the position of Director of Civil Engineering Graduate Programs from 2010 to 2013. He was also a Visiting Professor at the University Calgary, Alberta, Canada in 2013. Prof. Hettiarachchi’s current research focus is mainly on circular economy and sustainability with a special emphasis on management of solid waste and wastewater.

Serena Caucci is a Senior Researcher in the Waste Management Unit at UNU-FLORES. She works on academic and capacity development activities in waste management aspects within the Water-Soil-Waste Nexus, supports the process of research product development, and contributes to the ongoing capacity development work related to multi-stakeholder projects such as the Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture (SUWA). Before joining UNU-FLORES, Serena worked at the Institute of Hydrobiology at Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden) on water sanitation and antibiotic resistance in anthropogenic-driven environments. She received her master’s in environmental science from the University of Florence in Italy and PhD on environmental microbiology from TU Dresden in Germany. 



Kai Schwärzel is an Academic Officer at UNU-FLORES and leads the Soil and Land-use Management unit. The overall goal of his work is to understand, quantify, and predict processes that control water and matter fluxes in variable saturated soils ranging from the plot to catchment scale. He is using lab and field experiments, as well as numerical modeling, to deal with these problems. After completing his PhD, Dr. Schwärzel worked as a Postdoc at the Chair of Site Ecology and Soil Protection, TU Berlin. During his time at TU Berlin, his research focused mainly on the impact of dewatering of wetlands on hydraulic soil properties, water budget, trace gas fluxes, and crop yields. In 2004, Dr. Schwärzel became a Senior Researcher at the Institute of Soil Science and Site Ecology at TU Dresden. His research over the last decade has focused on the impact of soils, land use management and climate on water and matter fluxes, and related soil properties. He has studied the functions of soils under various types of land use and management with respect to flood prevention in mountainous regions and with respect to soil physical health. The work of Dr. Schwärzel combines aspects of soil physics/hydrology and soil-plant-atmosphere interactions.