Abstract
Surface and underground explosions make extensive destruction and damage to structures. These explosions can generate heavy shocks to ground. There are several approaches to reduce these effects. One way to reduce these damages is by sand layer, which is the most economically viable method. As the sand layer reduces highfrequency stress waves effectively, it decreases damage to structure. In this paper, the behavior of tunnels (underground structures) with different thickness of sand layer and moisture content under surface explosion are investigated by finite element method (FEM). Numerical results indicate that with increasing of sand layer thickness and moisture, the effect of surface explosions on the underground structures is decreased.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Ambrosini, D., Luccioni, B. & Danesi, R. 2004. Influence of the Soil properties on craters produced by explosions on the soil surface. Journal of Mec´anica Computacional. Vol. XXIII.
Boulson, B. S. 2003. Explosive loading of Engineering structures. Taylor & Francis literary.
Chengqing, W. 2004. Numerical simulation of structural responses on a sand layer to blast induced ground excitations. Journal of Computers and Structures, Vol. 82, pp 799–814.
GUI M. W. 2006. Blast-resistant analysis for a tunnel passing beneath Taipei shongsan airport-a parametric study. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering Journal, 227–2.
Krauthammer, T. 2008. Modern protective structure. First Edition. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia. Taylor & Francis Group.
Lamb, H. 1904. On the propagation of tremors over the surface of an elastic solid. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Vol. 203: pp 1–42.
Nagy, N. M., Eltehawy, E. A., Elhanafy, H. M. & Eldesouky, A. 2009. Numerical modeling of geometrical analysis for underground structures. 13th International Conference on Aerospace Sciences & Aviation Technology. ASAT- 13, May 26–28.
Olarewaju, A. J, Kameswara, Rao, N.S.V. & Mannan, M. A, 2011. Dimensionless response of underground pipes due to blast loads using finite element method. Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 16.
Olarewaju, A. J, Kameswara, Rao, N.S.V. & Mannan. M. A. 2010. Blast effects on underground pipes. Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering. Vol. 15.
TM5-855-1. 1986. Fundamentals of protective design for conventional weapons, Headquarters. Department of the American Army.
Schmidt, R. M. & Holsapple, K. A. 1980. Theory and experiments on centrifuge cratering. Journal of Geophysical Research. 85, 235.
Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC). 2008. Structures to resist the effects of accidental explosions. UFC 3-340-02. Department of Defense, US Army Corps of Engineers, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency. United States of America.
Zimmie, F., Abdoun, T. & Tessari, A. 2010. Physical modeling of explosive effects on tunnels, Fourth International Symposium on Tunnel Safety and Security. Frankfurt am Main. Germany, March 17–19.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
About this article
Cite this article
Basirat, R., Dehghan Niri, G. & Izadifard, R. The effect of sand layer thickness and moisture content on underground structures behavior due to surface blasting. J Engin Res 3, 32 (2015). https://doi.org/10.7603/s40632-015-0032-5
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7603/s40632-015-0032-5