Abstract
We study the possibility that γ-ray loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are the sources of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) by using a correlation analysis of their locations and the arrival directions of UHECR. We use data for γ-ray loud AGN with d ≤ 100 Mpc from the second Fermi Large-area Telescope AGN catalog and UHECR data with E ≥ 55 EeV observed by the Pierre Auger Observatory. The distribution of arrival directions expected from theγ-ray loud AGN is compared with that of the observed UHECR by using the correlational angular distance distribution and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. We conclude that the hypothesis that the γ-ray loud AGN are the dominant sources of UHECR is disfavored unless there is a large smearing effect due to intergalactic magnetic fields.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
K. Greisen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 16, 748 (1966).
G. T. Zatsepin and V. A. Kuzmin, JETP Lett. 4, 78 (1966).
R. U. Abbasi et al. [The HiRes Collaboration], Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 101101 (2008).
J. Abraham et al. [The Pierre Auger Collaboration], Phys. Lett. B 685, 239 (2010).
Y. Tsunesada [for the Telescope Array Collaboration], arXiv:1111.2507 [astro-ph.HE].
A. M. Hillas, Annu. Rev. Astron. Astr. 22, 425 (1984).
E. Waxman, Astrophys. J. 452, L1 (1995).
M. Vietri, Astrophys. J. 453, 883 (1995).
J. P. Rachen and P. L. Biermann, Astron. Astrophys. 272, 161 (1993).
F. Halzen and E. Zas, Astrophys. J. 488, 669 (1997).
M. Milgrom and V. Usov, Astrophys. J. 449, L37 (1995).
E. Waxman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 386 (1995).
T. Stanev, R. K. Schaefer and A. A. Watson, Astropart. Phys. 5, 75 (1996).
D. F. Torres, E. Boldt, T. Hamilton and M. Loewenstein, Phys. Rev. D 66, 023001 (2002).
S. Singh, C. P. Ma and J. Arons, Phys. Rev. D 69, 063003 (2004).
D. S. Gorbunov, P. G. Tinyakov, I. I. Tkachev and S. V. Troitsky, JETP Lett. 80, 145 (2004).
R. U. Abbasi et al. [HiRes Collaboration], Astrophys. J. 636, 680 (2006).
R. U. Abbasi et al. [HiRes Collaboration], Astropart. Phys. 30, 175 (2008).
J. Abraham et al. [Pierre Auger Collaboration], Science 318, 938 (2007).
P. Abreu et al. [Pierre Auger Collaboration], Astropart. Phys. 34, 314 (2010).
H. B. Kim and J. Kim, JCAP 1103, 006 (2011).
H. B. Kim and J. Kim, arXiv:1203.0386 [astro-ph.HE].
M-P. Véron-Cetty and P. Véron, Astron. Astrophys. 455, 773 (2006).
M-P. Véron-Cetty and P. Véron, Astron. Astrophys. 518, A10 (2010).
D. Harari, S. Mollerach and E. Roulet, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 394, 916 (2009).
M. R. George et al., Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 388, L59 (2008).
R. S. Nemmen, C. Bonatto and T. Storchi-Bergmann, Astrophys. J. 722, 281 (2010).
Y. Y. Jiang et al., Astrophys. J. 719, 459 (2010).
The Fermi-LAT Collaboration, Astrophys. J. 743, 171 (2011).
C. D. Dermer and S. Razzaque, Astrophys. J. 724, 1366 (2010).
The Fermi-LAT Collaboration, Astrophys. J. 715, 429 (2010).
T. Kashti and E. Waxman, JCAP 0805, 006 (2008).
H. B. J. Koers and P. Tinyakov, JCAP 0904, 003 (2009).
P. Sommers, Astropart. Phys. 14, 271 (2001).
D. Ryu, S. Das and H. Kang, Astrophys. J. 710, 1422 (2010).
J. Abraham et al. [Pierre Auger Collaboration], Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 091101 (2010).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, J., Kim, H.B. Correlation between ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and active galactic nuclei from the fermi large-area telescope. Journal of the Korean Physical Society 61, 1911–1917 (2012). https://doi.org/10.3938/jkps.61.1911
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3938/jkps.61.1911