Abstract
Existing models of same-different judgments are examined as to how useful they are in situations in which encoding of stimuli is presumably imperfect. Subjects were asked to judge whether a probe stimulus composed of one or four figures was identical to the corresponding components of a target stimulus that was always composed of four figures. It was found that correct “different” responses were faster than correct “same” responses, that correct “same” responses were faster than either incorrect “same” responses or incorrect “different” responses, and that reaction time to probes of four figures was shorter than reaction time to probes of one figure. These results and others are interpreted as embarrassing for existing models of matching behavior.
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Navon, D. The effect of uncertainty in stimulus perception on same-different judgments. Bull. Psychon. Soc. 12, 411–414 (1978). https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03329723
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03329723