Abstract
Four stimulus elements configured as a notional diamond were flashed in pairs to elicit apparent motion. When the elements were identical (4Zs), the direction of apparent motion was ambiguous. When the elements were pairs of different letters (Cs andOs,Es andZs), letters of different sizes (Zs andzs), or oppositely oblique lines, the direction of apparent motion tended to be between identical elements. This was true, however, only for an initial, brief observation period. Subsequently, the direction of apparent motion tended to be determined by the direction of motion perceived at first, regardless of the character of the elements. This quickly established directional set (within 10 sec) largely swamped any tendency to resolve correspondence in terms of a feature of the stimulus. It appears to be based on spatial rather than retinal or egocentric coordinates.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anstis, S. M., &Ramachandran, V. S. (1987). Visual inertia in apparent Monon.Vision Research,27, 755–764.
Berbaum, K., Lenel, J. C., &Rosenbaum, M. (1981). Dimensions of figural identity in apparent motion.Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception & Performance,7, 1312–1317.
Burt, P., &Sperling, G. (1981). Time, distance and feature trade-offs in visual apparent motion.Psychological Review,88, 171–195.
Gengerelli, J. A. (1948). Apparent motion in relation to homonymous and heteronymous stimulation of the cerebral hemispheres.Journal of Experimental Psychology,38, 592–599.
Green, M. (1986). What determines correspondence strength in apparent motion?Vision Research,26, 596–607.
Hoeth, F. (1968). Bevorzugte Richtungen bei stroboskopischen Alternativebewegungen.Psychologtsche Beitrage,10, 494–527.
Kolers, P. A, &Pomerantz, J. R. (1971). Figural change in apparent motion.Journal of Experimental Psychology,87, 99–108.
Kruse, P., Stradler, M., &Wehner, T. (1986). Direction and frequency specific processing in the perception of long-range apparent movement.Vision Research,26, 327–335.
Navon, D. (1976). Irrelevance of figural identity for resolving ambiguities in apparent motion.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance,2, 130–138.
Orlansky, J. (1940). The effect of similarity and difference in form on apparent visual movement.Archives of Psychology,246
Ramachandran, V. S, &Anstis, S. M. (1983). Perceptual organization in moving displays.Nature,304, 829–831.
Ramachandran, V. S., Ginsburg, A., &Anstis, S. M. (1983). Low spatial frequencies dominate apparent motion.Perception,12, 457–461.
Siegel, S. (1956).Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral scientist. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Tarr, M., & Pinker, S. (1985, November). Nearest neighbors in apparent motion: Two or three dimensions? Paper presented at the meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Boston.
Ullman, S. (1979)The interpretation of visual motion Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Ullman, S. (1980). The effect of similarity between line segments on the correspondence strengths in apparent motion.Perception,9, 617–626.
Watson, A. B. (1986). Apparent motion occurs only between similar spatial frequencies.Vision Research,26, 1727–1750.
Wertheimer, M. (1912). Experimentelle Studien iiber das Sehen von BewegungZeitschrift für Psychologie,61, 161–265.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This research was supported by NSF Grant BNS 8310811.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mack, A., Klein, L., Hill, J. et al. Apparent motion: Evidence of the influence of shape, slant, and size on the correspondence process. Perception & Psychophysics 46, 201–206 (1989). https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03204983
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03204983