Abstract
Serial recall of lip-read, auditory, and audiovisual memory lists with and without a verbal suffix was examined. Recency effects were the same in the three presentation modalities. The disrupting effect of a suffix was largest when it was presented in the same modality as the list items. The results suggest that abstract linguistic as well as modality-specific codes play a role in memory for auditory and visual speech.
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de Gelder, B., Vroomen, J. Abstract versus modality-specific memory representations in processing auditory and visual speech. Memory & Cognition 20, 533–538 (1992). https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03199585
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03199585