Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Serum levels of the adipokine zinc-α2-glycoprotein are increased in preeclampsia

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Endocrinological Investigation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is associated with facets of the metabolic syndrome and an increased future metabolic and cardiovascular risk for mother and newborn. Recently, zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) has been proposed as a new adipokine involved in the pathogenesis of obesity. Aim: In the current study, we investigated ZAG serum levels in PE patients as compared to healthy gestational age-matched controls. Subjects and methods: We quantified serum concentrations of ZAG in patients with PE (no.=37) as compared to healthy gestational age-matched controls (no.=37) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, association of this adipokine with renal function, glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as inflammation was studied. Results: Median serum ZAG levels were 1.4-fold higher in PE patients (58.8 mg/l) as compared to controls (41.9 mg/l) (p<0.01). Furthermore, circulating ZAG was positively correlated to systolic and diastolic blood pressure, creatinine, triglycerides, and leptin in univariate analyses. In multiple regression analysis, creatinine remained independently associated with ZAG. Conclusions: We demonstrate that maternal ZAG serum concentrations are significantly increased in PE. Furthermore, renal function is an independent predictor of circulating ZAG.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Steegers EA, von Dadelszen P, Duvekot JJ, Pijnenborg R. Preeclampsia. Lancet 2010, 376: 631–44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Stepan H, Geide A, Faber R. Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1. N Engl J Med 2004, 351: 2241–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Stepan H. Angiogenic factors and pre-eclampsia: an early marker is needed. Clin Sci (Lond) 2009, 116: 231–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Stepan H, Faber R. Elevated sFlt1 level and preeclampsia with parvovirus-induced hydrops. N Engl J Med 2006, 354: 1857–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Stepan H, Unversucht A, Wessel N, Faber R. Predictive value of maternal angiogenic factors in second trimester pregnancies with abnormal uterine perfusion. Hypertension 2007, 49: 818–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Poston L. Leptin and preeclampsia. Semin Reprod Med 2002, 20: 131–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Tommaselli GA, Pighetti M, Nasti A, et al. Serum leptin levels and uterine Doppler flow velocimetry at 20 weeks’ gestation as markers for the development of pre-eclampsia. Gynecol Endocrinol 2004, 19: 160–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Conrad KP, Miles TM, Benyo DF. Circulating levels of immunoreactive cytokines in women with preeclampsia. Am J Reprod Immunol 1998, 40: 102–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. LaMarca BB, Bennett WA, Alexander BT, Cockrell K, Granger JP. Hypertension produced by reductions in uterine perfusion in the pregnant rat: role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Hypertension 2005, 46: 1022–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Freeman DJ, McManus F, Brown EA, et al. Short- and long-term changes in plasma inflammatory markers associated with preeclampsia. Hypertension 2004, 44: 708–14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Burgi W, Schmid K. Preparation and properties of Zn-alpha 2-glycoprotein of normal human plasma. J Biol Chem 1961, 236: 1066–74.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Hirai K, Hussey HJ, Barber MD, Price SA, Tisdale MJ. Biological evaluation of a lipid-mobilizing factor isolated from the urine of cancer patients. Cancer Res 1998, 58: 2359–65.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Russell ST, Zimmerman TP, Domin BA, Tisdale MJ. Induction of lipolysis in vitro and loss of body fat in vivo by zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein. Biochim Biophys Acta 2004, 1636: 59–68.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Bao Y, Bing C, Hunter L, Jenkins JR, Wabitsch M, Trayhurn P. Zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein, a lipid mobilizing factor, is expressed in adipocytes and is up-regulated in mice with cancer cachexia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004, 101: 2500–5.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Bao Y, Bing C, Hunter L, Jenkins JR, Wabitsch M, Trayhurn P. Zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein, a lipid mobilizing factor, is expressed and secreted by human (SGBS) adipocytes. FEBS Lett 2005, 579: 41–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Gohda T, Makita Y, Shike T, et al. Identification of epistatic interaction involved in obesity using the KK/Ta mouse as a Type 2 diabetes model: is Zn-alpha2 glycoprotein-1 a candidate gene for obesity? Diabetes 2003, 52: 2175–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Mracek T, Ding Q, Tzanavari T, et al. The adipokine zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein is downregulated with fat mass expansion in obesity. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2010, 72: 334–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ceperuelo-Mallafre V, Naf S, Escote X, et al. Circulating and adipose tissue gene expression of zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein in obesity: its relationship with adipokine and lipolytic gene markers in subcutaneous and visceral fat. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009, 94: 5062–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Gong FY, Zhang SJ, Deng JY, et al. Zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein is involved in regulation of body weight through inhibition of lipogenic enzymes in adipose tissue. Int J Obes (Lond) 2009, 33: 1023–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Philipp A, Kralisch S, Bachmann A, et al. Serum levels of the adipokine zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein are increased in chronic hemodialysis. Metabolism 2011, 60: 669–72.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Selva DM, Lecube A, Hernandez C, Baena JA, Fort JM, Simo R. Lower zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein production by adipose tissue and liver in obese patients unrelated to insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009, 94: 4499–507.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Yeung DC, Lam KS, Wang Y, Tso AW, Xu A. Serum zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein correlates with adiposity, triglycerides, and the key components of the metabolic syndrome in Chinese subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009, 94: 2531–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Stejskal D, Karpísek M, Reutová H, Stejskal P, Kotolová H, Kollár P. Determination of serum zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein in patients with metabolic syndrome by a new ELISA. Clin Biochem 2008, 41: 313–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy. Report of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000, 183: S1–22.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Fasshauer M, Blüher M, Stumvoll M, Tönessen P, Faber R, Stepan H. Differential regulation of visfatin and adiponectin in pregnancies with normal and abnormal placental function. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2007, 66: 434–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Fasshauer M, Waldeyer T, Seeger J, et al. Serum levels of the adipokine visfatin are increased in preeclampsia. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2008, 69: 69–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Fasshauer M, Waldeyer T, Seeger J, et al. Circulating high molecular weight adiponectin is upregulated in preeclampsia and is related to insulin sensitivity and renal function. Eur J Endocrinol 2008, 158: 197–201.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Fasshauer M, Seeger J, Waldeyer T, et al. Serum levels of the adipokine adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein are increased in preeclampsia. Am J Hypertens 2008, 21: 582–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Stepan H, Philipp A, Reiche M, et al. Serum levels of the adipokine lipocalin-2 are increased in preeclampsia. J Endocrinol Invest 2010, 33: 629–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Rolli V, Radosavljevic M, Astier V, et al. Lipolysis is altered in MHC class I zinc-alpha(2)-glycoprotein deficient mice. FEBS Lett 2007, 581: 394–400.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Endresen MJ, Lorentzen B, Henriksen T. Increased lipolytic activity and high ratio of free fatty acids to albumin in sera from women with preeclampsia leads to triglyceride accumulation in cultured endothelial cells. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992, 167: 440–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Zoccali C, Mallamaci F, Tripepi G, et al. Adiponectin, metabolic risk factors, and cardiovascular events among patients with end-stage renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002, 13: 134–41.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Merabet E, Dagogo-Jack S, Coyne DW, et al. Increased plasma leptin concentration in end-stage renal disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997, 82: 847–50.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Ziegelmeier M, Bachmann A, Seeger J, et al. Serum levels of the adipokine RBP-4 in relation to renal function. Diabetes Care 2007, 30: 2588–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Sommer G, Ziegelmeier M, Bachmann A, et al. Serum levels of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein are increased in chronic haemodialysis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2008, 69: 901–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Stein S, Bachmann A, Lossner U, et al. Serum levels of the adipokine FGF21 depend on renal function. Diabetes Care 2009, 32: 126–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

    H. Stepan, A. Jank & W. Schaarschmidt

  2. Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

    A. Philipp, I. Roth, S. Kralisch, U. Lössner, M. Blüher, M. Stumvoll & M. Fasshauer MD

  3. IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany

    S. Kralisch, U. Lössner & M. Fasshauer MD

  4. Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

    J. Kratzsch

Authors
  1. H. Stepan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Philipp
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. I. Roth
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. S. Kralisch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. A. Jank
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. W. Schaarschmidt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. U. Lössner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. J. Kratzsch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. M. Blüher
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. M. Stumvoll
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. M. Fasshauer MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Fasshauer MD.

Additional information

H.S. and A.P. equally contributed to this work.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Stepan, H., Philipp, A., Roth, I. et al. Serum levels of the adipokine zinc-α2-glycoprotein are increased in preeclampsia. J Endocrinol Invest 35, 562–565 (2012). https://doi.org/10.3275/7877

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3275/7877

Key-words

Search

Navigation