Abstract
Electrospark deposition on samples made of SPHN-60 white cast iron is carried out in two stages. During the first stage, a barrier sublayer was applied, and during the second stage, a multifunctional protective coating was applied. Two materials for the electrodes, Ni and Cr, were chosen to form a sublayer according to the calculations of Palatnik’s criterion. The impact of a sublayer on the features of the formation of electrospark coatings is studied using hard-metal electrodes of SHIM-40NАОKn (TiC–NiAl + \({\text{ZrO}}_{2}^{{{\text{nano}}}})\) and SHIM-11ОKn (TiB2–NiAl + \({\text{ZrO}}_{2}^{{{\text{nano}}}})\). The phase composition and the surface roughness of the formed coatings are studied. It is found that deposition of a sublayer contributes to an increase in the fraction of refractory phases in coatings. The surface roughness (Ra) varies from 3.37 to 8.20 μm. The adhesion strength of the two-layer electrospark coatings to the substrate exceeds 100 N.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Bystrov, V.A., D’yakov, P.K., and Umanets, A.G., Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Chern. Metall., 2014, no. 5, pp. 24–29. https://doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2014-5-24-29
Ivanov, V.I. and Burumkulov, F.K., Surf. Eng. Appl. Electrochem., 2010, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 416–423. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068375510050042
Dan, L.A. and Skrebtsov, A.M., Visn. Priazovsk. Derzh. Tekh. Univ., 2008, no. 18, pp. 85–89.
Salomykin, V.V., Saprykin, E.V., Belov, E.G., Koverzin, A.M., and Romadin, A.Yu., Stal’, 2015, no. 4, pp. 36–37.
Platov, S.I., Rumyantsev, M.I., Dema, R.R., and Kharchenko, M.V., Vestn. Magnitogorsk. Gos. Tekh. Univ. im. G.I. Nosova, 2011, no. 4, pp. 19–21.
Platov, S.I., Kandaurov, L.E., Zhelezkov, O.S., Terent’ev, D.V., et al., Vestn. Magnitogorsk. Gos. Tekh. Univ. im. G.I. Nosova, 2009, no. 2, pp. 50–55.
Ogawa, S., Uchida, S., and Miura, Y., Progress and prospect of rolling technology, Nippon Steel Rep., 2012, no. 101, pp. 95–104. http://www.nssmc.com/ en/tech/report/nsc/no101.html.
Balakleets, I.A., Filippov, V.S., Shebanits, E.N., Murashkin, A.V., et al., Met. Lit’e Ukr., 2012, nos. 2–3, pp. 50–54.
Vdovin, K.N. and Zaitseva, A.A., Vestn. Magnitogorsk. Gos. Tekh. Univ. im. G.I. Nosova, 2011, no. 4, pp. 13–15.
Shemshurova, N.G., Antipanov, V.G., and Kiseleva, E.P., Kalibrovochnoe Byuro, 2014, no. 3, pp. 112–122. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sposoby-uprochneniya- poverhnosti-rabochih-valkov-1.
Skoblo, T.S., Rudyuk, S.I., Shaparenko, A.V., et al., Chern. Metall., Byull. Nauchno-Tekh. Ekon. Inf., 1988, no. 16, pp. 2–15.
Kolokol’tsev, V.M., Stolyarov, A.M., Molochkov, P.A., Potapov, M.G., et al., Vestn. Magnitogorsk. Gos. Tekh. Univ. im. G.I. Nosova, 2009, no. 3, pp. 15–18.
Gimaletdinov, R.Kh., Gulakov, A.A., and Tukhvatulin, I.Kh., Vestn. Magnitogorsk. Gos. Tekh. Univ. im. G.I. Nosova, 2016, no. 4 (3), pp. 78–89. https://doi.org/10.18503/1995-2732-2016-14-3-78-89
Zhizhkina, N.A., Budag’yants, N.A., Skoblo, T.S., Popova, E.G., et al., Stal’, 2002, no. 3, pp. 111–112.
Zhizhkina, N.A. and Dyachkina, V.E., Visn. Skhidno-Ukr. Nats. Univ. im. V. Dalya, 2014, no. 3, pp. 100–103.
Kiss, I. and Maksay, S., Tech. Gaz., 2010, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 173–178.
Skoblo, T.S., Avtukhov, A.K., and Sokolov, R.G., Stal’, 2015, no. 2, pp. 34–37.
Zhizhkina, N.A. and Medvedev, A.N., Vestn. Yuzhno-Ural. Gos. Univ., 2016, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 83–89. https://doi.org/10.14529/met160312
Avtukhov, A.K., Mashinostroenie, 2015, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 9–12.
Zhizhkina, N.A., Liteinoe Proizvod., 2016, no. 3, pp. 5–8.
Balakleets, I.A., Dolgikh, P.P., Pogorelov, V.Ya., Filippov, V.S., et al., Stal’, 2008, no. 1, pp. 45–46.
Dub, A.V., Ryzbkov, V.M., Mirzoyan, G.S., Bakhmet’ev, V.V., et al., Vestn. Magnitogorsk. Gos. Tekh. Univ. im. G.I. Nosova, 2008, no. 4, pp. 10–14.
Balamurugan, S., Mathan, G., Dey, A., Mukherjee, G., et al., Eng. Failure Anal, 2012, vol. 26, pp. 182–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2012.07.021
Tverdosplavnye instrumenty v protsessakh mekhanicheskoi obrabotki (Carbide Tools for Mechanical Machining), Novikov, N.V. and Klimenko, S.A., Eds., Kiev: Inst. Sverkhtverd. Mater. im. V.N. Bakulya, 2015, pp. 176–178.
Gorbatyuk, S.M. and Sedykh, L.V., Metallurgist, 2010, vol. 54, nos. 5–6, pp. 299–301.
Moller, A.B., Unru, S.Ya., Voronin, B.I., Nazarov, D.V., Limarev, A.S., and Tulupov, O.N., Vestn. Magnitogorsk. Gos. Tekh. Univ. im. G.I. Nosova, 2007, no. 3, pp. 66–68.
Sokolov, P.B., Steel Transl., 2013, vol. 43, no. 9, pp. 597–599.
Belevskaya, I.V., Belevskii, L.S., and Koptelova, O.S., Model. Razvit. Protsess. OMD, 2016, no. 22, pp. 186–195.
Bystrov, V.A. and Novikov, N.I., Vestn. Kemer. Gos. Univ., 2010, no. 1, pp. 47–53.
Golyakevich, A.A., Orlov, L.N., Malinov, L.S., and Titarenko, V.I., Avtom. Svarka, 2016, no. 9, pp. 37–41.
Gromov, V.E., Efimov, O.Yu., Kosterev, V.B., Yur’ev, A.B., et al., Strukturno-fazovye sostoyaniya i svoistva uprochnennykh stal’nogo prokata i chugunnykh valkov (Structure-Phase States and Properties of Hardened Rolled Steel and Cast Iron Rolls), Novokuznetsk: Inter-Kuzbass, 2011.
Gromov, V.E., Ivanov, Yu.F., Konovalov, S.V., Efimov, O.Yu., et al., Fundam. Probl. Sovrem. Materialoved., 2014, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 76–82.
Belov, E.G., Efimov, O.Yu., Ivanov, Yu.F., Gromov, V.E., et al., Zagotovit. Proizvod. Mashinostr., 2012, no. 1, pp. 33–36.
Borodin, V.V., Borodin, A.N., Beznosikov, D.V., and Berdnikov, A.A., Stal’, 2015, no. 5, pp. 54–58.
Gorbatyuk, S.M., Kochanov, A.V., and Zarapin, A.Yu., Visn. Sevast. Nats. Tekh. Univ., 2014, no. 150, pp. 46–50.
Gavrilov, G.N., Kostromin, S.V., Kalinin, A.B., Peiganovich, V.N., et al., Sovrem. Probl. Nauki Obraz., 2013, no. 4, pp. 76–83.
Kolobov, A.V., Sominin, M.A., Plekhanov, S.V., Tikhonov, S.M., et al., Metallurgist, 2017, vol. 61, nos. 5–6, pp. 505–510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-017-0524-7
Boselli, D., Kavalari, M., Krochi, E., Gaboardi, P., et al., Metall. Proizvod. Tekhnol., 2014, no. 2, pp. 44–46.
Aleksandrova, N.M., Karpeya’ev, V.V., et al., Stal’, 1996, no. 1, pp. 63–65.
Babinets, A.A., Ryabtsev, I.A., Kondrat’ev, I.A., Ryabtsev, I.I., et al., Avtom. Svarka, 2014, no. 5, pp. 17–21.
Ryabtsev, I.A., Babinets, A.A., Gordan’, G.N., Ryabtsev, I.I., et al., Avtom. Svarka, 2013, no. 9, pp. 43–47.
Gitlevich, A.E., Mikhailov, V.V., Parkanskii, N.Ya., and Revutskii, V.M., Elektroiskrovoe legirovanie metallicheskikh poverkhnostei (Electrospark Alloying of Metal Surfaces), Chisinau: Shtiintsa, 1985.
Verkhoturov, A.D., Podchernyaeva, I.A., Pryadko, L.F., and Egorov, F.F., Elektrodnye materialy dlya elektroiskrovogo legirovaniya (Electrode Materials for Electrospark Alloying), Moscow: Nauka, 1988.
Ivanov, G.P., Tekhnologiya elektroiskrovogo uprochneniya instrumentov i detalei mashin (Technology of Electrospark Hardening of Tools and Machine Parts), Moscow: Mashgiz, 1961.
Bondarchuk, N.A., Theoretical and technological principles of surfacing, in Naplavka detalei oborudovaniya metallurgii i energetiki (Surfacing of the Parts for Equipment of Metallurgy and Energetics), Frumin, I.I., Ed., Kiev: Inst. Elektrosvarki, Akad. Nauk UkrSSR, 1980, pp. 62–67.
Bondarchuk, N.A., Umerenkov, V.N., and Vol’pov, M.L., Sovremennye sposoby naplavki i ikh primenenie (Modern Methods of Surfacing and Their Use), Frumin, I.I., Ed., Kiev: Inst. Elektrosvarki, Akad. Nauk UkrSSR, 1982, pp. 118–120.
Rudyuk, A.S., Bardusov, V.N., Foka, N.M., Pirch, A.P., et al., Stal’, 1990, no. 7, pp. 71–72.
Rudyuk, A.S., Korobeinik, V.F., Abramov, G.S., and Ganzhala, A.G., Elektron. Obrab. Mater., 1990, no. 4, pp. 64–68.
Zudov, E.G., Petrenko, Yu.P., Astaf’ev, G.I., Mardyshkin, R.E., et al., Stal’, 1995, no. 1, p. 59.
Fainshmidt, E.M., Astaf’ev, G.I., and Polomoshnov, P.Yu., Kuznechno-Shtampovochnoe Proizvod.–Obrab. Mater. Davleniem, 2011, no. 12, pp. 26–29.
Gao, Y.X., Zhao, C., Fang, Z.G., and Yi, J., Adv. Mater. Res., 2011, vols. 160–162, pp. 176–181. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.160-162.176
Wang, J., Meng, H., Yu, H., Fan, Z., et al., Int. J. Miner. Met. Mater., 2009, vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 707–713.
Levashov, E.A., Kudryashov, A.E., Sheveiko, A.N., Vakaev, P.V., et al., Tsvetn. Met., 2003, no. 6, pp. 73–77.
Kudryashov, A.E., Doronin, O.N., Levashov, E.A., and Krakht, V.B., Russ. J. Non-Ferrous Met., 2014, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 394–402.
Kudryashov, A.E., Doronin, O.N., Zamulaeva, E.I., Levashov, E.A., and Shvyndina, N.V., Chern. Met., 2013, no. 10, pp. 61–68.
Levashov, E.A., Rogachev, A.S., Kurbatkina, V.V., Maksimov, Yu.M., et al., Perspektivnye materialy i tekhnologii samo-rasprostranyayushchegosya vysokotemperaturnogo sinteza (Advanced Materials and Technologies of Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis), Moscow: Mosk. Inst. Stali Splavov, 2011.
Pogozhev, Yu.S., Levashov, E.A., Kudryashov, A.E., Milonich, S., et al., Tsvetn. Met., 2005, no. 1, pp. 59–64.
Gorelik, S.S., Skakov, Yu.A., and Rastorguev, L.N., Rentgenograficheskii i elektronno-opticheskii analiz (X‑ray and Electron Optical Analysis), Moscow: Mosk. Inst. Stali Splavov, 1994.
Rusakov, A.A., Rentgenografiya metallov (X-ray Analysis of Metals), Moscow: Atomizdat, 1977.
Shelekhov, E.V. and Sviridova, T.A., Met. Sci. Heat Treat., 2000, vol. 42, no. 8, pp. 309–313.
Petrzhik, M.I. and Levashov, E.A., Crystallogr. Rep., 2007, vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 966–974. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063774507060065
Drits, M.E. and Budberg, P.B., Svoistva elementov. Spravochnik (Properties of Elements: Handbook), Moscow: Metallurgiya, 1985.
Samsonov, G.V. and Vinitskii, I.M., Tugoplavkie soedineniya. Spravochnik (Refractory Joints: Handbook), Moscow: Metallurgiya, 1976.
Verkhoturov, A.D., Formirovanie poverkhnostnogo sloya metallov pri elektroiskrovom legirovanii (Formation of Metal Surfaces by Electrospark Alloying), Vladivostok: Dal’nauka, 1995.
Zamulaeva, E.I., Levashov, E.A., Pogozhev, Yu.S., Sviridova, T.A., et al., Russ. J. Non-Ferrous Met., 2014, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 205–211. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1067821214020217
Funding
The work has been carried out with the financial support from the Russian Science Foundation (Agreement No. 15-19-00203-P).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Translated by M. Myshkina
About this article
Cite this article
Kudryashov, A.E., Zamulaeva, E.I., Levashov, E.A. et al. Application of Electrospark Deposition Process and Modified SHS Electrode Materials to Improve the Endurance of Hot Mill Rolls. Part 1. Features of Coating Formation on SPHN-60 White Cast Iron Substrates. Surf. Engin. Appl.Electrochem. 55, 390–401 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068375519040057
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068375519040057