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Reducing the Main Tillage for Spring Barley under the Conditions of Kursk Oblast

  • SOIL TREATMENT
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Russian Agricultural Sciences Aims and scope

Abstract

The research aimed to study the influence of the main tillage methods on the soil agrophysical properties, as well as the yield and quality of spring barley grain crops. The work has been carried out from 2020 to 2022 on a typical chernozem of Kursk oblast. The design of the field experiment involved the study of the following options: plowing with a layer turnover (by 20–22 cm); combined processing (disking + chiseling by 20–22 cm); surface treatment (disking up to 8 cm); direct sowing. We used the Suzdalets variety of spring barley, the forecrop was soybeans. The experiment has been carried out in triplicate. In the spring period, the content of productive moisture in the arable (0–20 cm) soil layer during direct sowing was higher than during plowing, combined cultivation, and surface tillage by 2.8–4.8 mm, in the meter layer, by 8.2–11.1 mm. Soil density varied within the range of 1.04–1.18 g/cm3, which is typical for the cultivated arable soil layer. The soil layer of 0–10 cm is characterized by a relatively lower soil porosity than the layer of 10–20 cm; the smallest soil porosity has been determined in the experiment with plowing (–2.8%), and the largest, in the one with the surface treatment (–6.8%). The reducing of tillage results in a significant (by 145–160 pcs/m2) decrease in the number of productive barley stalks; the minimal values have been observed for the variant with direct sowing. The direct sowing leads to a decrease of the average number of grains per ear (by 1.0–2.4 pcs) and the weight of 1000 grains (by 0.9–1.2 g), compared with other studied methods of tillage. The highest grain yield of spring barley in the experiment has been observed for plowing (3.05 t/ha). The combined treatment leads to a decrease in the yield by 0.36 t/ha, surface treatment, by 0.40 t/ha, and direct sowing, by 0.84 t/ha. The protein content in barley grain in the variants with plowing and combined treatment is 13.4–13.5%; in the variant with the direct sowing it decreases by 0.4–0.5%, and in the variant with only surface treatment, by 0.7–1.2%.

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This work was supported by ongoing institutional funding. No additional grants to carry out or direct this particular research were obtained.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center, 305021, Kursk, Russia

    D. V. Dubovik, E. V. Dubovik, A. N. Morozov & A. V. Shumakov

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  1. D. V. Dubovik
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  2. E. V. Dubovik
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  3. A. N. Morozov
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  4. A. V. Shumakov
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Correspondence to D. V. Dubovik.

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Translated by T. Kuznetsova

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Dubovik, D.V., Dubovik, E.V., Morozov, A.N. et al. Reducing the Main Tillage for Spring Barley under the Conditions of Kursk Oblast. Russ. Agricult. Sci. 49 (Suppl 3), S463–S470 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367423090069

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