Abstract
The purpose of this study was to substantiate the directions of reducing the damage to seeds during harvesting of grain crops. Threshing-separating devices of combine harvesters, physicomechanical characteristics of plants using wheat as an example, and parameters and modes of threshing devices that reduce grain damage were studied. It was revealed that grain damage is a consequence of the fact that parameters and operating modes of combines' threshing-separating devices are not consistent with harvested plants' characteristics. For threshing grain without damage, the shock pulse should be enough to separate the grain from inflorescence but be less than the force restricted by elastic properties (elastic limit) of the grain. The dependence of the average value of the bonding strength between the grain and the spike on the temperature and humidity, air temperature, and the standing time since reaching full ripeness can be described by a regression equation with a correlation coefficient of 0.89 and a determination coefficient of 0.79. This equation can be applied for the operational control of the rotational speed of the drum. For the operational control of feeding the harvested crop to the threshing device of the combine in the fields, the yield in individual sections of which varies significantly, methods developed for the introduction of precision farming are proposed. To obtain information on increasing the range between the bonding strength and elastic properties of the grain and to determine the dependence of the bonding strength between the grain and the spike on the properties of plants, it is necessary to study properties of both commercial and new cultivars.
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Translated by K. Lazarev
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Lachuga, Y.F., Bur’yanov, A.I., Pakhomov, V.I. et al. Adaptation of Threshing Devices to Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Harvested Crops. Russ. Agricult. Sci. 46, 198–201 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367420020111
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367420020111