Abstract
The measurements of capillary forces on different diamond-like materials and carbon allotropic modifications taken using a scanning force microscope have been discussed. The amplitude-frequency characteristics of the nanorelief surfaces studied have been widely varied by plasma chemical treatments. The measurements of capillary forces have been compared with the macroscopic values of a wetting angle. It has been shown that a macroscopic wetting angle depends on the averaged surface energy only and is slightly dependent on the nanorelief characteristics, and nanocapillary forces correlate with both surface relief parameters and the local angle of wetting. Criteria for multimeniscus mode of capillary forces measurement in the surface force spectroscopy and the prospects of this procedure application for mapping the real surface energy have been considered in detail.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Butt, H.J. and Kappl, M., Normal Capillary Forces, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2009, vol. 146, nos. 1–2, pp. 48–60.
Efremov, A.A., Lytvyn, P.M., Anishchenko, A.O., et al., Nanoprobe Spectroscopy of Capillary Forces and Its Application for a Real Surface Diagnostics, Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 2010, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 111–124.
Israelachvili, J., Intermolecular and Surface Forces, CA San Diego: Academic Press, 1998.
Lytvyn, P.M., Olikh, O.Ya., Lytvyn, O.S., et al., Ultrasonic Assisted Nanomanipulations with Atomic Force Microscope, Semiconductor Physics, Quantum Electronics & Optoelectronics, 2010, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 36–42.
Wenzel, R.N., Resistance of Solid Surface to Wetting by Water, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1936, vol. 28, no. 8, pp. 988–991.
Deryagin, B.V., On the Contact Angle Dependence on the Microrelief and Roughness of the Wetted Surface, DAN SSSR, 1946, vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 357–360.
Cassie, A.B.D. and Baxter, S., Wettability of Porous Surfaces, Transactions Faraday Society, 1944, vol. 40, pp. 546–551.
Summ, B.D. and Goryunov, Yu.B., Fiziko-khimicheskie osnovy smachivaniya i pastekaniya (Physicochemical Principles of Wetting and Spreading), Moscow: Khimiya, 1976.
Doroshenko, A.A., Kutsay, A.M., Semenovich, V.A., et al., Optical Absorption Edge of Amorphous Carbon Films Deposited from a Hydrocarbon High-Frequency Discharge Plasma, J. Superhard Mater., 1995, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 1–5.
Gontar, A.G., Doroshenko, A.A., Kutsay, A.M., and Khandozhko, S.I., Synthesis and Optical Properties of (a-C:H) Diamond-Like Films for Anti-Reflection Coatings, J. Chemical Vapor Deposition, 1995, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 15–21.
Gontar, A.G., Kutsay, O.M., Khandozhko, S.I., et al., Nanostructural Peculiarities of the Surface Morphology of a-C:H Films Deposited from Hydrocarbon Plasma, J. Superhard Mater., 2000, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 30–34.
Novikov, N.V., Gontar, A.G., Khandozhko, S.I., et al., Protective Diamond-Like Coatings for Optical Materials and Electronic Devices, Diamond Relat. Mater., 2000, vol. 9, nos. 3–6, pp. 792–795.
Kutsay, O.M., Gontar, A.G., Novikov, N.V., et al., Diamond-Like Carbon Films in Multilayered Interference Coatings for IR Optical Elements, ibid., 2001, vol. 10, nos. 9–10, pp. 1846–1849.
Kutsay, O., Loginova, O., Gontar, A., et al., Surface Properties of Amorphous Carbon Films, ibid., 2008, vol. 17, nos. 7–10, pp. 1689–1691.
Diao, J., Ren, D., Engstrom, J.R., and Lee, K.H., A Surface Modification Strategy on Silicon Nitride for Developing Biosensors, Analytical Biochemistry, 2005, vol. 343, pp. 322–328.
Dongmo, L.S., Villarrubia, J.S., Jones, S.N., et al., Experimental Test of Blind Tip Reconstruction for Scanning Probe Microscopy, Ultramicroscopy, 2000, vol. 85, pp. 141–153.
Hutter, J.L. and Bechhoefer, J., Calibration of Atomic-Force Microscope Tips, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1993, vol. 64, no. 7, pp. 1868–1873.
Rabinovich, Ya.I., Adler, J.J., Esayanur, M.S., et al., Capillary Forces between Surfaces with Nanoscale Roughness, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 2002, vol. 96, nos. 1–3, pp. 213–230.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.A. Efremov, P.M. Lytvyn, A.G. Gontar’, S.P. Starik, V.M. Perevertailo, I.V. Prokopenko, O.M. Kutsay, O.B. Loginova, 2012, published in Sverkhtverdye Materialy, 2012, Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 10–28.
About this article
Cite this article
Efremov, A.A., Lytvyn, P.M., Gontar’, A.G. et al. Macro- and nanoscopic capillary effects on nanostructured real surfaces. J. Superhard Mater. 34, 81–94 (2012). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1063457612020025
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1063457612020025