Abstract
The authors consider the proton event of October 28, 2021, accompanied by the ground-level enhancement in the cosmic ray intensity (GLE73). It was the first GLE in the current 25th solar cycle and the 73d in the history of observations. The period of parent flare development with the highest energy release lasted more than 10 min, during which the coronal mass ejection acceleration and the simultaneous acceleration of charged particles to relativistic energies occurred. The similarity between the time intensity profiles of relativistic electrons and protons in the Earth’s orbit indicates a stochastic mechanism of their acceleration. The X1.0 eruptive flare of October 28, 2021, in hard X-rays (>100 keV) has similar time characteristics to the M5.1 flare of May 17, 2012, at N11W76 (GLE71). The relatively late increase of fluxes of relativistic electrons and protons in GLE73 as compared to GLE71 can be explained by the location of the flare on October 28, 2021 (S26W05), and the southward direction of the coronal mass ejection.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We thank the participants of space experiments ACS SPI, GOES, EPHIN, and LASCO for the opportunity to use their open data.
Funding
This work was supported by the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, topic “Plasma” (ABS and AMS); and by the Central (Pulkovo) Astronomical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences, topic “Energy Release” (IYuG).
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Translated by O. Pismenov
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Struminsky, A.B., Grigorieva, I.Y., Logachev, Y.I. et al. Solar Relativistic Electrons and Protons on October 28, 2021 (GLE73). Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 87, 953–957 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1062873823702611
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1062873823702611