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Minimum of 2008 or the “quantum” Sun-2

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Bulletin of the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory

Abstract

The prolonged 2007–2009 minimum is a big surprise for solar physics. In order to reveal the causes, we analyze the variability of the general magnetic field (GMF) of the Sun as a star measured by CrAO and five other observatories since 1968 (more than 19000 daily field strengths B were obtained in 41 years). Sharp yearly mean extrema of the negative (S) field took place in 1969, 1990, and 2008, with the third extremum, in contrast to the two previous ones, having coincided with the sunspot minimum. This explains both the long duration of the minimum and the record (over the last 100 years) increase in the length of the Wolf cycle (no. 23) to 12 or more years. The S-field extrema followed with a period of 19.5 ± 1.1 yr—some mean between the 22.1 ± 0.3-yr sunspot cycle, the 18.6-yr saros, and the 19.9-yr Jupiter-Saturn conjunction period. It is pointed out that, for some unclear reason, the negative polarity dominated on the Sun in 1968–2008: the overall mean B = −0.021 ± 0.015 G. The existence of a second Sun that obeys the laws of quantum mechanics is hypothesized. The “quantum” model of the Sun-2 explains many properties of the “classical” Sun-1, including the coronal heating, cyclic activity, periodic variations in GMF, and its sector structure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Crimean Astrophysical Observatory (CrAO), pos. Nauchnyi, Crimea, 98409, Ukraine

    V. A. Kotov

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  1. V. A. Kotov
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Correspondence to V. A. Kotov.

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Original Russian Text © V.A. Kotov, 2010, published in Izvestiya Krymskoi Astrofizicheskoi Observatorii, 2010, Vol. 106, pp. 202–223.

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Kotov, V.A. Minimum of 2008 or the “quantum” Sun-2. Bull.Crim. Astrophys. Observ. 106, 137–151 (2010). https://doi.org/10.3103/S0190271710010195

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