Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Characterization and Phylogeny Analysis of Azerbaijan Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Genotypes by Molecular Markers

  • Published:
Cytology and Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The tea is one of the most important products in the southern region of Azerbaijan Republic, and plays an essential role in the region’s economy. Assessing and describing genetic diversity in crop plants is a crucial first step toward their improvement. In this study the tea genotypes belonged southern region of Azerbaijan was studied using 10 random amplified polymorphic DNA in order to estimate their genetic diversity and to identify the relationships among their genotypes. The RAPD primers generated 132 amplification products and 113 of which were polymorphic. The polymorphic banding patterns with the number of amplified fragments varied from 4 (OPA-19) to 19 (OPAB-18). Percent polymorphism ranged from 50 to 95% with an average of 83.94%. The genetic similarity among the genotypes tested ranged 0.445 to 0.819 with an average of 0.512. The cluster analysis based on UPGMA and Jaccard similarity index revealed 5 main clusters for the RAPD data and the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) supported the clustering result. According to our results, there is a relatively high genetic distance across tea genotypes in the southern of Azerbaijan Republic. Furthermore, it could be inferred that RAPD markers are suitable tools for the evaluation of genetic diversity and relationships within Camellia sinensis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Bandyopadhyay, T., Molecular marker technology in genetic improvement of tea, Int. J. Plant Breed. Genet., 2011, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 23–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Boonerjee, S., Islam, M.N., Hoque, M.I., and Sarker, R.H., Genetic diversity analysis of eighteen tea (Camellia sinensis L.) clones of Bangladesh through RAPD, Plant Tissue Cult. Biotechnol., 2014, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 189–199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Botstein, D., White, R.L., Skolnick, M., and Davis, R.W., Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms, Am. J. Hum. Genet., 1980, vol. 32, pp. 314–331.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Chen, L., Gao, Q., Chen, D., and Xu, C.J., The use of RAPD markers for detecting genetic diversity, relationship and molecular identification of Chinese elite tea genetic resources [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] preserved in a tea germplasm repository, Biodiversity Conserv., 2005, vol. 14, pp. 1433–1444.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Cheng-Wen, S., Yi-Huan, H., Jian-An, H., Jun-Wu, L., Chun-Lin, L., and De-Hua, L., RAPD analysis on genetic diversity of typical tea populations in Hunan Province, Chin. J. Agric. Biotechnol., 2008, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 67–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Fabriki-Ourang, S., and Karimi, H., Assessment of genetic diversity and relationships among Salvia species using gene targeted CAAT box-derived polymorphism markers, J. Genet., 2019, vol. 98, no. 75, pp. 1–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. FAO, Country report on the state of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture: National report on the state of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture in Azerbaijan, 2016, pp. 1–58.

  8. Govindaraj, M., Vetriventhan, M., and Srinivasan, M., Importance of genetic diversity assessment in crop plants and its recent advances: an overview of its analytical perspectives, Genet. Res. Int., 2015, art. ID 431487.

  9. Gul, S., Ahmad, H., Khan, A., and Alam, M., Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Tea genotypes through RAPD Primers, Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 2007, vol. 10, no. 15, pp. 2609–2611.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Guliyev, N., Sharifova, S., Ojaghi, J., Abbasov, M., and Akparov, Z., Genetic diversity among melon (Cucumis melo L.) accessions revealed by morphological traits and ISSR markers, Turk. J. Agric. For., 2018, vol. 42, no. 6, pp. 393–401.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Hammer, Ø., Harper, D.A.T., and Ryan, P.D., PAST: paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis, Palaeontologia Electronica, 2011, vol. 4, no. 1, art. ID 9.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Igwe, D.O., Afiukwa, C.A., Acquaah, G., and Ude, G.N., Genetic diversity and structure of Capsicum annuum as revealed by start codon targeted and directed amplified minisatellite DNA markers, Hereditas, 2019, vol. 156, art. ID 32.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Izzatullayeva, V., Akparov, Z., Babayeva, S., Ojaghi, J., and Abbasov, M., Efficiency of using RAPD and ISSR markers in evaluation of genetic diversity in sugar beet, Turk. J. Biol., 2014, vol. 38, pp. 429–438.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Jahangirzadeh Khiavi, S., Azadi Gonbad, R., and Falakro, K., Identification of genetic diversity and relationships of some Iranian tea genotypes using SRAP markers, J. Hortic. Postharvest Res., 2020, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 25–34.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Jaroslava, O., Daniela, R., Domenico, F., Eloy Fernández, C., Svobodova, E., and Luigi, M., Assessment of genetic diversity of Smallanthussonchifolius (Poepp. & Endl.) h. Robinson landraces by using AFLP markers, Genetika, 2018, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 803–816.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Karak, T., and Bhagat, R.M., Trace Elements in tea leaves, made tea and tea infusion: A review, Food Res. Int., 2010, vol. 43, no. 9, pp. 2234–2252.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Karunarathna, K.H.T., Mewan, K.M., Weerasena, O.V.D.S.J., Perera, S.A.C.N., Edirisinghe, E.N.U., and Jayasoma, A.A, Understanding the genetic relationships and breeding patterns of Sri Lankan tea cultivars with genomic and EST-SSR markers, Sci. Hortic., 2018, vol. 240, no. 9, pp. 72–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Liu, B.Y., Li, Y.Y., Tang, Y.C., Wang, L.Y., Cheng, H., and Wang, P.S., Assessment of genetic diversity and relationship of tea germplasm in Yunnan as revealed by ISSR markers, Acta Agron. Sin., 2010, vol. 36, pp. 391–400.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Matsumoto, S., Kiriiwa, Y., and Yamaguchi, S., The Korean tea plant (Camellia sinensis): RFLP analysis of genetic diversity and relationship to Japanese tea, Breed. Sci., 2004, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 231–237.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Mohammadi, S., and Prasanna, B., Analysis of genetic diversity in crop plants—salient statistical tools and considerations, Crop Sci., 2003, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 1235–1248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Murray, M.G., and Thompson, W.F., Rapid isolation of high molecular weight plant DNA, Nucleic Acids Res., 1980, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 4321–4325.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. Ojaghi, J., and Akhundova, E., Genetic diversity in doubled haploids wheat based on morphological traits, gliadin protein patterns and RAPD markers, Afr. J. Agric. Res., 2010, vol. 5, pp. 1701–1712.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Powell, W., Morgante, M., Andre, C., Hanafey, M., Vogel, J., Tingey, S., and Rafalski, A., The comparison of RFLP, RAPD, AFLP and SSR (microsatellite) markers of germplasm analysis, Mol. Breed., 1996, vol. 2, pp. 225–238.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Roy, S.C., and Chakraborty, B.N., Genetic diversity and relationships among tea (Camellia sinensis) cultivars as revealed by RAPD and ISSR based fingerprinting, Indian J. Biotechnol., 2009, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 370–376.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Sadigova, S., Sadigov, H., Eshghi, R., Salayeva, S., and Ojaghi, J., Application of RAPD and ISSR markers to analyses molecular relationships in Azerbaijan wheat accessions (Triticum aestivum L.), Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 2014, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 97–105.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Saghai-Maroof, M.A., Soliman, K.M., Jorgensen, R.A., and Allard, R.W., Ribosomal DNA spacer-length polymorphisms in barley: mendelian inheritance, chromosome location and population dynamics, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 1984, vol. 81, pp. 8014–8018.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  27. Salayeva, S., Decroocq, S., Mariette, S., and Akhundova, E., Comparison of genetic diversity between cultivated and wild grape varieties originating from the Near-Caspian zone of Azerbaijan, J. Int. Sci. Vigne Vin, 2010, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 191–200.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Salayeva, S.J., Ojaghi, J.M., Pashayeva, A.N., Izzatullayeva, V.I., Akhundova, E.M., and Akperov, Z.I., Genetic diversity of Vitis vinifera L. in Azerbaijan, Russ. J. Genet., 2016, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 391–397.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Saravanan, M., Maria John, K.M., Raj Kumar, R., Pius, P.K., and Sasikumar, R., Genetic diversity of UPASI tea clones (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) on the basis of total catechins and their fractions, Phytochemistry, 2005, vol. 66, no. 5, pp. 561–565.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Sharma, A., Rajpurohit, D., Jain, D., Verma, P., and Joshi, A., Molecular characterization of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) genotypes using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem., 2019, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 4770–4775.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Shah, S., Yadav, R.N.S., and Borua, P.K., Molecular analysis by RAPD markers of popular tea (Camellia sinensis) varieties of North-East India infested by tea mosquito bug (Helopeltis theivora), Int. J. Biosci., 2015, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 318–325.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Shikhseyidova, G., Akhundova, E., Quliyev, R., Eshghi, R., Salayeva, S., and Ojaghi, J., Molecular diversity and genetic structure of durum wheat landraces, Albanian J. Agric. Sci., 2015, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 112–120.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Sornakili, A., Rathinam, P., Thiruvengadum, R., and Kuppusamy, P., Comparative assessment of RAPD and ISSR markers to study genetic polymorphism in Colletotrichum gloeosorioides isolates of mango, Asian J. Plant Pathol., 2017, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 130–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Vivodik, M., Balazova, Z., Galova, Z., and Petrovicova, L., Genetic diversity analysis of maize (Zea mays L.) using SCoT markers, J. Microbiol., Biotechnol. Food Sci., 2017, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 1170–1173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Wambulwa, M.C., Meegahakumbura, M.K., Kamunya, S., Muchugi, A., Möller, M., Liu, J., Xu, J.C., Li, D.J., and Gao, L.M., Multiple origins and a narrow genepoolcharacterise the African tea germplasm: Concordant patterns revealed by nuclear and plastid DNA markers, Sci. Rep., 2017, vol. 7, art. ID 4053.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  36. Wambulwa, M.C., Meegahakumbura, M.K., Chalo, R., Kamunya, S., Muchugi, A., Xu, J.C., Liu, J., Li, D.J., and Gao, L.M., Nuclear microsatellites reveal the genetic architecture and breeding history of tea germplasm of East Africa, Tree Genet. Genomes, 2016, vol. 12, no. 11.

  37. Wei, C.L., Cheng, J.L., Khan, M.A., Yang, L.Q., Imani, S., Chen, H.C., and Fu, J.J., An improved DNA marker technique for genetic characterization using RAMP-PCR with high-GC primers, Genet. Mol. Res., 2016, vol. 15, no. 3, art. ID 15038721.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Yousefi, V., Najaphy, A., Zebarjadi, A., and Safari, H., Molecular characterization of thymus species using ISSR markers, J. Anim. Plant Sci., 2015, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 1087–1094.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., Chen, X., Sun, W., and Li, J., Genetic diversity and structure of tea plant in Qinba area in China by three types of molecular markers, Hereditas, 2018, vol. 155, art. ID 22.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lankaran State University, Ministry of Education of Azerbaijan, Lankaran, Azerbaijan

    M. Huseynov

  2. Institute Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies of National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, AZ1073, Baku, Azerbaijan

    Z. Suleymanova & A. Mammadov

  3. Center for Cell Pathology Research, Department of Life Sciences, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan

    J. Ojaghi

Authors
  1. M. Huseynov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Z. Suleymanova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. J. Ojaghi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. Mammadov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. Ojaghi.

Ethics declarations

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. This article does not contain any studies involving animals or human participants performed by any of the authors.

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Huseynov, M., Suleymanova, Z., Ojaghi, J. et al. Characterization and Phylogeny Analysis of Azerbaijan Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Genotypes by Molecular Markers. Cytol. Genet. 56, 285–291 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3103/S0095452722030057

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0095452722030057

Keywords:

Search

Navigation