Abstract
Natural products are chemicals used in many industrial processes due to their various pharmacological or biological actions. Microorganisms can catalyze reactions that allow modification of structures of phytochemicals and organic compounds. Hereby, it is possible to obtain valuable products with regio- and stereo-selective reactions. The aim of the paper was to biotransform several terpenes and terpenoids including (−)-α-pinene, β-ionone and isophorone by using A. niger NRRL 326 and to determine their biotransformation products and biological activities. According to the GC-MS analysis, the following compounds were obtained: (S)-(+)-carvone hydrate (4.28%) from (−)-α-pinene; 4-hydroxybetaionone (48.33%), 2-hydroxybetaionone (22.40%), α-ionone (1.29%) and dihydro-3-oxo-beta-ionol (1.11%) from β-ionone; 4-hydroxyisophorone (55.54%), 3,3-dimethyl-5-oxo-cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde (1.87%), 4-ketoisophorone (1.22%) and dihydrooxoisophorone (0.59%) from isophorone. The biological activities of the extracts were found to be slightly higher than the control experiments. The findings obtained will contribute to the literature and A. niger NRRL 326 have the potential to become an important biotransformation agent.
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Abbreviations
- ABTS:
-
2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid
- A. niger :
-
Aspergillus niger
- B.c:
-
Bacillus cereus RSKK 709
- C.a:
-
Candida albicans ATCC 10231
- DMSO:
-
Dimethyl sulfoxide
- DPPH:
-
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
- EI:
-
Electron ionization
- EtOAc:
-
Ethyl acetate
- GC-MS:
-
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer
- K2S2O8 :
-
Potassium persulfate
- MHA:
-
Mueller hinton agar
- MHB:
-
Mueller hinton broth
- MIC:
-
Minimum inhibitor concentration
- MRSA:
-
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
- Na2SO4 :
-
Anhydrous sodium sulfate
- nd:
-
Not determined
- P.a:
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853
- PDA:
-
Potato dextrose agar
- S.a:
-
methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ATCC 43300
- TEAC:
-
Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity
- TIC:
-
Total ion chromatogram
- TLC:
-
Thin layer chromatography
- w:
-
Weak
- YM:
-
Yeast malt
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Acknowledgements
The study was funded by the Scientific Research Unit of Giresun University (FEN-BAP-A-140316-60). Author is grateful to the Central Research Laboratory Research and Application Center (Giresun University) for providing facilities for the GC-MS analysis.
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Çorbacı, C. Biotransformation of terpene and terpenoid derivatives by Aspergillus niger NRRL 326. Biologia 75, 1473–1481 (2020). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-020-00459-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-020-00459-1